Англо-руско споразумение (1878)

Англо-руското споразумение (1878) е част от дипломатическата подготовка на Берлинския конгрес.

Англо-руското споразумение е подписано на 18/30 май 1878 г. в Лондон. Резултат е от преговорите между дипломатите граф Павел Шувалов и лорд Солсбъри. Публикувано е 24 часа след подписването му от английския вестник „Globe“. Урежда противоречията между Русия и Великобритания, върху основата на изменение на предварителния Санстефански договор между Русия и Османската империя. Към преговорите се пристъпва по инициатива на руското правителство след Райхщадското споразумение между руската империя и Австро-Унгария руско-австроунгарските преговори. В основата на споразумението залягат позициите на английското правителство, обсъдени и приети на няколко съвещания под ръководството на император Александър II.

Постигнато е пълно съгласие: от българските земи между р. Дунав и Стара планина да бъде създадено Княжество България, васално на Високата порта и с политическа автономия, но фактически под руска протекция; територията между Стара планина и Родопите да бъде организирана като автономна област под името Източна Румелия с широка автономия в състава на Османската империя; останалите български земи получават реформи като обикновени провинции на империята; Южна Бесарабия се отнема от Румъния и се дава на Руската империя в замяна на Северна Добруджа, призната за българска от Великите сили. Батум и Карс се предават на Руската империя. Въпросите, по които не се постига съгласие, имат второстепенен характер, остават за решаване в хода на предстоящия Берлински конгрес. Основен такъв въпрос е за заемане билото на Стара планина от османски гарнизон.

Споразумението в значителна степен предрешава работата на Берлинския конгрес и става основа на Берлинския договор.

Източници

  • Сборник договоров России с другими государствами 1856 – 1917, М., 1952

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