Фрайстат

Фрайстат
Vrystaat / Free State
провинция в РЮА
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Местоположение на Фрайстат в РЮАМестоположение на Фрайстат в РЮА
Страна Република Южна Африка
Адм. центърБлумфонтейн
Площ129 825 km²
Население2 824 500 души (2010)
21,8 души/km²
Официален сайтСайт
Фрайстат в Общомедия

Фрайстат (на африкаанс: Vrystaat, произнася се най-близо до Фрейстаат; на английски: Free State, Фрий Стейт) е южноафриканска провинция, намираща се приблизително в сърцето на РЮА. Между 1854 г. и 1910 г. е самостоятелна бурска държава, която след Бурската война е присъединена към останалата част на страната.

История

След превръщането на Капската област в британска колония, местното бурско население, водено от страховете си за бъдещето, се преселва на север-североизток в района между Орание и Ваал. Бурите основават множество републики във вътрешността на страната, една от които е и Оранжевата свободна държава (Орание-Фрайстат).

През 1848 г. Великобритания успява да анексира областта, но 6 г. по-късно бурите успяват да възстановят своята независимост. От самото начало бурската държава е поставена под двоен натиск: от една страна от британските колонизатори, а от друга – от африканските племена.

След Бурската война Орание-Фрайстат е окончателно анексирана от Великобритания и от 1910 г. е провинция в Южноафриканския съюз. Столица на провинцията е Блумфонтейн.

Население

Към 2010 населението на провинцията наброява 2 824 500 души[1]. 84% от населението са чернокожи, 13% бели и 3% други. [2] Делението по майчин език е: сесото (57%), африканс (15%), кхоса (9%), сетсвана (6%), зулу (5%) и английски (2%).[3]

По-важни градове

Източници

  1. ↑ www.southafrica.info, архив на оригинала от 27 януари 2012, https://web.archive.org/web/20120127172906/http://www.southafrica.info/about/geography/free-state.htm, посетен на 27 февруари 2012 
  2. ↑ www.freestatetourism.org
  3. ↑ www.freestatetourism.org

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