Пикочен мехур

1-Пикочно-полова система, 2-Бъбрек, 3-Бъбречно легенче, 4-Пикочопровод, 5-Пикочен мехур, 6-Уретра, 7-Надбъбречна жлеза, 8-Бъбречна артерия и вена, 9-Долна празна вена, 10-Коремна аорта, 11-Обща хълбочна артерия и вена, 12-Черен дроб, 13-Дебело черво, 14-Таз

Пикочният мехур (на латински: vesica urinaria) е кух мускулест орган, който се намира в долната част на корема. Функцията на пикочния мехур е да складира отделяната от бъбреците урина и в удобен момент да я отвежда извън тялото. Има вместимост за урината около 500 – 700 см3.

Анатомично устройство

Пикочният мехур се състои от дъно, тяло, шийка и връх. [1]

  • Дъното (на латински: fundus vesicae) е най-широката, разположена назад и надолу част на пикочния мехур.
  • Тялото (на латински: corpus vesicae) е разположено напред и нагоре от основата на мехура.
  • Шийка (на латински: cervix vesicae) – мястото на прехода на тялото на пикочния мехур в уретрата.
  • Връх (на латински: apex vesicae) – завършващата заострена част на тялото върху долната част на предната коремна стена.

Хистологичен строеж

Стената на пикочния мехур се състои от три слоя:

  • Лигавица (на латински: tunica mucosa), образуваща множество гънки в различни направления.
  • Мускулатура (на латински: tunica muscularis), изградена от три гладко мускулни слоя: вътрешен и външен – надлъжни и среден – кръгов. В началото на пикочния канал средният мускулест слой образува неволеви стегач.
  • Външен слой. Задно-горната повърхност на пикочния мехур е покрита със серозна обвивка (на латински: tunica serosa), a oстаналите части с адвентиция (на латински: tunica adventitia).

Кръвоснабдяване и инервация

Кръвоснабдяването на пикочния мехур се осъществява от vesicalis inferior и от vesicalis superior артерии. Венозната система се оттича към plexus venosus vesicalis. Инервацията се извършва през plexus vesicalis. Нервните влакна са симпатикови и парасимпатикови.[2]

Външни препратки

Източници

  1. ↑ Анатомия на човека Архив на оригинала от 2012-01-11 в Wayback Machine. №20 Пикочо – полов апарат (Aparatus urogenitale), Пикочен мехур (Vesica urinaria)
  2. ↑ Пикочен мехур medpedia.framar.bg
Тази статия за анатомична структура все още е мъниче. Помогнете на Уикипедия, като я редактирате и разширите.

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