Котловина

Изглед към Брезнишката котловина

Котловина̀ е вдлъбната форма на релефа на сушата, морското или океанското дъно. Представлява понижение на земната повърхност, обградено от всички страни от склонове на планини и възвишения, затворено или открито в една или в две противоположни посоки от река, протичаща през него.[1] По режима на оттока котловините могат да бъдат проточни, отточни и безотточни. Характеризират се със специфичен микроклимат и температурни инверсии.

Котловината има ясно обособени части – котловинно дъно и подножия. Когато дъното е относително равно, котловината може да се нарича поле. По котловинното дъно може да има възвишения, локални понижения и други.[1]

По произход котловините могат да бъдат тектонски[2] (вътрешнопланински или междупланински грабени), вулкански (калдери и кратери), ерозионни (долинни разширения), карстови и други.[1]

Източници

Общомедия
Общомедия разполага с мултимедийно съдържание за
Котловина.
  1. ↑ а б в География, Географски речник К, Котловина
  2. ↑ ibl.bas.bg

Вижте също

Нормативен контролРедактиране в Уикиданни

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