Земя за лично ползване

Земята за лично ползване е вид поземлен имот при комунистическия режим в България.

Със завършването на колективизацията през 50-те години всички земеделски земи в страната са включени в квазидържавните Трудови кооперативни земеделски стопанства (ТКЗС) или са пряко национализирани. Това предизвиква срив в селскостопанското производство, а на места и трудности с изхранването на селското население, поради което режимът разрешава на членовете на ТКЗС да се върнат част от земите, за да могат да ги обработват самостоятелно. Размерът на тези земи е ограничен (през по-голямата част от съществуването на този режим до 5 декара на домакинство) и те често се раздават произволно по преценка на местните функционери, но практиката получава масово разпространение.[1]

При цялото си съществуване частно обработваните земи за лично ползване имат многократно по-голяма производителност от колективизираните. По официални данни от 50-те години те съставляват 9 – 11% от всички земи в ТКЗС, но дават около една четвърт от производството и две трети от животновъдната продукция.[2] През 80-те години те са 5 – 10 % от обработваемата земя и произвеждат над 40% от плодовете и зеленчуците в страната.[3]

Някои автори отбелязват сходството на земята за лично ползване с предмодерни форми, като отпусканата на ратаите в чифлиците земя за лично обработване – параспур.[4]

Бележки

  1. ↑ Груев 2009, с. 260 – 261, 271.
  2. ↑ Груев 2009, с. 271.
  3. ↑ Ивайло Знеполски, Българският комунизъм. Социокултурни черти и властова траектория, Институт за изследване на близкото минало, Издателство Ciela, София, 2008, с. 201 ISBN 978-954-28-0236-5
  4. ↑ Груев 2009, с. 282.
Цитирани източници
  • Груев, Михаил. Преорани слогове. Колективизация и социална промяна в Българския северозапад 40-те – 50-те години на XX век. София, Сиела, 2009. ISBN 978-954-28-0450-5.

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