Брутиум

Брутиум

Брутиум (Bruttium) е местност в най-крайната южна част на Италия, която отговаря приблизително на днешна Калабрия. Наричана е Regio III Lucania et Bruttii.

На север се намира Лукания, на запад Тиренско море, на юг и изток Йонийско море.

В нея се намират планините Полино, Сила и Аспромонте.

Градовете на тази територия са Конзенция (столица, днешна Козенца), Кротон, Сибарис, Хипониум, Региум, Lokroi Epizephyrioi (Локри), Скилациум и Медма.

Брутиите са говорили на оски език. Името им означава бунтовници.

От 8 век пр.н.е. тук в Брутия се създават гръцки колонии на Магна Греция. Във вътрешността живеели още брутиите. Заедно със самнитите, които са по-далече на север, те завладяват през 3 век пр.н.е. някои гръцки колониални градове на бреговете. Привърженици са на цар Пир и са победени от римляните, които заемат след това голяма част от страната.

През втората пуническа война (218 – 201 пр.н.е.) брутиите са на страната на Ханибал. След неговата загуба страната преминава към Римската империя.

През 5 век територията е към Византия.

Източници

  • Gli spazi geografici della Storia Romana: La Regio III: Lucania et Bruttii
  • Страбон, Geografia, VI 1, 4.

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