Абилийн (Канзас)

Абилийн
Abilene
— град —
САЩ
38.9197° с. ш. -97.2172° и. д.
Абилийн
Канзас
38.9197° с. ш. -97.2172° и. д.
Абилийн
Страна САЩ
ЩатКанзас
ОкръгДикинсън
Площ12,12 km²
Надм. височина352 m
Население6469 души (2016)
534 души/km²
Основаване1857 г.
Пощенски код67410
Телефонен код785
Официален сайтwww.abilenecityhall.com
Абилийн в Общомедия

Абилийн (на английски: Abilene, /ˈæbɪliːn/) е град в централната част на Съединените американски щати, административен център на окръг Дикинсън в щата Канзас. Населението му е около 6500 души (2016).

Разположен е на 352 метра надморска височина на северния бряг на река Смоуки Хил в Големите равнини, на 135 километра северно от Уичита и на 225 километра западно от Канзас Сити.[1] Селището възниква около основана през 1857 година станция на дилижанса и е инкорпорирано през 1869 година.[2] То получава името на Авилиния, спомената в Евангелие от Лука местност в Сирия.

През 1867 година Абилийн е свързан с железопътната мрежа на Юниън Пасифик и бързо се превръща в ключов пункт за превоза на говеда. Големи стада са превеждани на собствен ход от Тексас, групирани са в Абилийн, след което са превозвани с влакове към Чикаго. През следващите няколко години градът преживява бурен разцвет – между 1867 и 1871 година през него преминават 440 хиляди глави едър рогат добитък[3] – и през него преминават известни фигури от историята на Дивия запад, като шерифът Дивия Бил Хикок и стрелецът Джон Уесли Хардин. С развитието на железопътната мрежа през 70-те години значението на Абилийн постепенно намалява, но и днес търговията с добитък е основна дейност за града.

В Абилийн израства бъдещият генерал и американски президент Дуайт Айзенхауер. Той и негови близки са погребани в града, където се намира и неговата президентска библиотека.

Бележки

  1. ↑ wikimapia.org
  2. ↑ Hoiberg, Dale H., ed. (2010). „Abilene“. Encyclopædia Britannica. I: A-ak Bayes (15th ed.). Chicago, Illinois: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. p. 32. ISBN 978-1-59339-837-8.
  3. ↑ babel.hathitrust.org

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