Muérganu (bioloxía)

Muérganu
tipo de clase de estructura anatómica (es) Traducir y clase de entidad anatómica (es) Traducir
entidad anatómica particular (es) Traducir y estructura anatómica (es) Traducir
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Un muérganu[1] o órganu[2] ye un conxuntu asociáu de texíos que concurren n'estructura y función. Los muérganos representen el nivel d'organización biolóxica superior al "texíu" e inferior al "sistema".

En bioloxía celular, un orgánulu u organela (diminutivu de muérganu) ye una estructura sub-celular análoga a los muérganos de seres vivos pluricelulares.

Muérganos en plantes superiores

Esisten ciertes estructures presentes nes traquefites (plantes vasculares) que son consideraos como muérganos, a saber:

Muérganos n'animales

Exemplu de muérganos son: el corazón, el fégadu, el güeyu, la piel, etc.

Dende'l puntu de vista anatómicu, los diferentes muérganos que concurren nuna función mayor agrúpense en sistemes (como circulatoriu, respiratoriu, reproductor, etc.). Los sistemes, como conxuntos orgánicos sinérxicos, a la so vez agrúpense n'aparatos pa satisfacer funciones aínda más complexes (como l'aparatu llocomotor).

Estroma y parénquima

Los diferentes texíos que componen un muérganu constituyen la so morfoloxía (histoarquiteutura) y aporten funcionalidá (histofisiología). La estroma ye la fraición orgánica que se correspuende colos elementos estructurales, y el parénquima ye la fraición fisiolóxica del muérdanu.

Vísceres

Una víscera ye un muérganu conteníu nuna cavidá, como la torácica, l'abdominal y la pélvica. A les vísceres tamién se-yos llama entrañes. La parte de l'anatomía qu'estudia les vísceres ye la esplacnoloxía.

Muérganos macizos y güecos

Según la constitución anatómica o estructural, esisten dos grandes grupos de muérganos:

  • Muérganos güecos, membranosos o canaliculares: Son los muérganos que presenten morfoloxía de sacu güecu y que va tar tapizada por una serie de capes estructurales o túniques.
  • Muérganos macizos o parenquimatosos: son los muérganos que presenten dos partes bien diferenciaes na so constitución anatómica/histolóxica: la estroma (l'armazón intersticial) y el parénquima (texíu noble del muérganu).

Referencies

  1. ↑ Esti términu apaez nel Diccionariu de l'Academia de la Llingua Asturiana. Ver: muérganu
  2. ↑ Esti términu apaez nel Diccionariu de l'Academia de la Llingua Asturiana. Ver: órganu

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