Llingua minoritaria

De les llingües d'Europa l'euskera ye una llingua minoritaria ya históricamente minorizada. Na actualidá ye oficial na comunidá autónoma del País Vascu y na parte norte de la Comunidá Foral de Navarra; sicasí nun lo ye nel País Vascu Francés nin na llamada Zona Mista de Navarra.

Llingua minoritaria ye un términu de sociollingüística que fai referencia a un idioma que nuna comunidá ye utilizáu por un pequeñu númberu d'usuarios.[1] Ye un conceutu que describe la situación d'una llingua al respective de la so implantación. Ye distintu del términu "llingua minorizada" en que se considera que la causa d'esti amenorgamientu na so implantación ye pola aición de los que promueven la llingua dominante.[1] Sía que non, nun son sinónimos y non siempres una llingua minorizada ye minoritaria, anque tienda a ello. Sicasí, na mayor parte de los casos fai referencia a llingües amenaciaes, utilizándolo como eufemismu de llingua minorizada.[2]

Ye un términu relativu, al tomar como referente un territoriu más o menos ampliu. D'esta forma, na Carta Europea de les Llingües Minoritaries o Rexonales (que ye un tratáu internacional d'Estaos del Conseyu d'Europa pa defender llingües minoritaries), establezse que son minoritaries les que nun son oficiales nel Estáu o, si ser, atópase en franca debilidá. Por ello, por casu, el catalán pue ser consideráu como llingua minoritaria con al respective d'España, ensin selo nel so territoriu (llingua habitual d'unos 4,4 millones de persones; amás, son capaces de falalo unos 7,7 millones y ye entendíu per cerca de 10,5 millones de persones).

Clarificación de los conceutos minoritariu y minorización

Usu de Shuswap, una llingua minoritaria, nuna señal de tráficu na reserva india de Bonaparte en Columbia Británica (Canadá).

Pue haber casos onde una llingua ye minoritaria na so comunidá pero nun ta minorizada, como foi'l casu de la llingua de los colonizadores n'África y América qu'anque yeren llingües minoritaries convertir en llingua vehicular.[3] N'otros casos una llingua nun ye minoritaria como'l catalán (depende del ámbitu territorial, ye minoritaria si tomamos España como referente, pero non si tomamos unu de los sos territorios como ye Cataluña) pero qu'históricamente sufrió una sustitución llingüística. N'otros casos una llingua non minoritaria, como'l alemán, ta minorizada en dellos territorios, como por casu en Alsacia (el francés ye l'únicu oficial nesti territoriu que güei pertenez a Francia).

Ver tamién

Referencies

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 «Planificación llingüística de la llingua de los signos español (LSE). Páx.63». Archiváu dende l'orixinal, el 2007-05-08.
  2. ↑ Javier Ortiz. El deu na llaga. 2 d'agostu de 2008.
  3. ↑ Anna Aguilar-Amat Castillo, Mohammed Pathé Sidibé, Joan Vilarnau Dalmaula. Terminoloxía del parntesco en llingua fulfulde: un intentu de sistematización. Universidá Autónoma de Barcelona.



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