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The city is located on the main route to Kyiv (E40) near its crossing at the Sluch River. Located on Sluch, the city geographically is located on the eastern border of historical Volhynia (Volyn) or Volhynia Superior.
Name
The city has previously been known as: Возвягель Vozviahel, Звяголь Zviahol, Zviahel, Звягаль Zviahal, Dzwihel, Novohrad-Volynskyi.
Since the 1991 Act of Declaration of Independence of Ukraine there have been several attempts to rename the city.[3] Public discussions on renaming the city to Zviahel began in April 2022.[3] On 16 June 2022 the city council renamed the city again to Zviahel.[3] The decision was supported by 22 of the 30 deputies present, while four deputies opposed and abstained.[3] The name change was then to be approved by the deputies of the Zhytomyr Oblast Council[3] and the final decision on renaming the city had then to be made by the Ukrainian parliament,[3] which took place on 16 November 2022.[2]
Former full coat of arms of Novohrad-Volynskyi (used 1994–2022)
On 31 March 2022, the city council decided to remove the letter Z (which was a reference to the name Zviahel) from its coat of arms (it was on the bell, in both the small and full version).[4] This was done because the letter Z was widely used by the Russian army during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine and has become a propaganda tool inRussia.[4]
During the Khmelnytsky Uprising, Cossacks destroyed portion of the city's fortification and burnt down the Catholic church (kosciol).[5] In September 1648 in the city was formed an insurgency group of local peasants led by Mykhalo Tysha.[5] In 1650s in Zwiahel existed Zwiahel Regiment.[5]
In 18th century the city belonged to Lubomirski princely family.[5]
The city had an important Jewish community. In the late 19th century it was home to 9,378 Jews, more than half the population of the town. Pogroms killed approximately 1,000 Jews in 1919.[6] After the Treaty of Riga, Novohrad-Volynskyi became part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic of the Soviet Union. By the start of World War II only 6,840 Jews remained, (30% of the total population). Hundreds of Jews were murdered in mass executions perpetrated by an Einsatzgruppen in 1941. Many survivors were imprisoned in harsh conditions in a ghetto and murdered in November 1942,[7] and an important part of the town was destroyed during the war.
In February 2013, the Novohrad-Volynskyi city council decided to dismantle the monument to Lenin, which was installed in front of the city council building, and move it to Slavy Park with extra-budgetary funds.[8][9] After that, the local communists sued, but the cases were lost in the first instance and in the Court of Appeal of the Zhytomyr Oblast.[10] A sundial installation was installed instead of the Lenin monument.[11]
In 2015, Viktor Veselskyi was elected to the post of mayor. In connection with the Law of Ukraine on decommunization in the city, the Soviet names of streets, alleys, squares and boulevards were renamed.[12]
On 16 June 2022, the local council decided to return the historical name Zviahel to the city, and it was also proposed to change the name of the Novohrad-Volynskyi Raion (district) to Zviahel Raion.[13] In November, the draft law was submitted to the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine.[14] By the resolution of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine dated 16 November 2022, the historical name of Zviahel was returned to the city.[15]
^"Міста-партнери Звягелю". novograd.osp-ua.info (in Ukrainian). Novohrad-Volynskyi. Archived from the original on 28 November 2021. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
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