The lands of the modern Kirovohrad Oblast and the Znamianka territorial hromada were first inhabited by
Scythians, it was near the Znamianka that a bronze and golden image of the Scythian eagle was found, which is now a symbol of the region. In the course of excavations, many remains of the Chernoles culture were found here. In the Middle Ages, during the time of Kyivan Rus', the East Slavic tribe of Ulichis lived here.
After the liberation of the former Kyivan Rus' from the Tatars in the Battle of Blue Waters and the unification of the principalities of Kyiv, Pereyaslav, and Chernihiv with the
Grand Duchy of Lithuania, there was a need to protect the southeastern borders from attacks by the Crimean Khanate and Moscovy - states that were formed after the collapse of the Golden Horde at the end of the 15th century. For this, Dmytro Vyshnevetsky founded the first
Zaporozhian Sich on the island of Khortytsia, thus the Ukrainian Cossacs appeared.
One of the unique granite columns with which Ukrainian Cossacks marked their territory, found in village of Moshoryne and installed opposite the ATB-Market in Znamianka
Znamianka was established in 1869 when there started train movement between Kharkiv and Odesa in area that historically was known as Black Forest (or Nigra Sylva).[3] At the meadow of Black Forest, through which stretched a segment of Yelizavetgrad – Kriukov (west–east), there was built the train station main building and its offices.[3] The station was named after the original village Znamianka that was located 3 km (1.9 miles) away[3] and today is known as Znamianka Druha.
Znamianka, map of XIX century
To the area were resettled peasants from the Oryol Governorate area, possible the Russian Old Believers for whom the Our Lady of the Sign sacred. In Russian the Sign means Znamiennie, so in diminutive form the settlement's name became Znamianka.
Also there is another version of the origin of the name, according to which during the Russo-Turkish wars, the Ukrainian Cossacks, who were then under the protectorate of Russian Empire, before entering another battle with the turks, hid their jewels, in particular the flag, on one of the clearings of the Black Forest, later they died. According to this version, the name of the settlement appeared in honor of a reliably preserved flag (Ukrainian. знамено, znameno).[4]
In 1873 there was opened movement of trains on the segment Znamianka – Mykolaiv, in 1876 towards Fastiv.[3] Out of a small train station Znamianka started to transform into a rail hub.[3] Znamianka became a train station at four-way crossroads northeast towards Kremenchuk, south towards Mykolaiv, west towards Balta and northwest towards Fastiv. Simultaneously with building of the train station on a land lot that was rent out from landowners Osipovs by people from neighboring villages and other counties (uyezds), there appeared a small settlement of railway workers, Osipovoye.[3]
In 1886 there already were 24 private houses, an earth shelter, six trading places and population of 143.[3] Couple of dozens years later just south of the train station there appeared another settlement of Linitskoye.[3]
Central street (1915)
In 1913 in both Osipovoye and Linitskoye lived about 6,000 people.[3]
In the beginning for sometime the train station was classified of the third category with its locomotive depot accounting for 4 locomotives.[3] In December 1883 when there ended construction of the new train station building, there were 29 locomotives and the depot employed some 92 workers.[3] In the 1890s the rail hub was shipping out some 580,000 poods of bread annually.[3]
Old railway station in 1918 (destroyed by Soviet army during World War II)
During the Holodomor (1932-1933) and Soviet repressions, at least 891 residents died. According to eyewitnesses, in 1933, in the area of the old railway station, exhausted peasants who escaped from the collective farms and tried to leave for the cities fell out of the freight cars. They were hidden by equally hungry local residents near the station itself or on its outskirts.[7] In 1938, Znamianka received the status of a city, with a population of 14,600 people.
During World War II Znamianka was under German occupation from August 5, 1941 to December 9, 1943. The Nazis shot 753 civilians, tortured 188 people, and forcibly transported 1,121 people to hard labor in Germany.
German trains in Znamianka (1942)
After the World War II, a new railway station was built in 1952, and five-story residential buildings in the 1960s.
In 1977, the City Palace of Culture was opened. And in the 1980s, nine-story residential buildings were built. In January 1989 the population was 33 828 people.[8]
Memorial plaque to Viktor Holyi on the house where he lived
Until 18 July 2020, Znamianka was designated as a city of oblast significance and belonged to Znamianka Municipality but not to Znamianka Raion even though it was the center of the raion. Znamianka Municipality combined the city of Znamianka, the urban-type settlement of Znamianka Druha, and the four villages : Petrove, Vodiane, Sokilnyky and
Novooleksandrivka. As part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Kirovohrad Oblast to four, Znamianka Municipality was merged into Kropyvnytskyi Raion.[13][14]
During the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Znamianka became a refuge for several thousand refugees from the southeast of the state
^Виконавчий комітет Знам'янської міської ради, Архівний відділ міської ради, Відділ внутрішньої політики міськвиконкому Чорна смуга довжиною в два роки. Книга пам'яті міста Знам'янки та смт. Знам'янка Друга Кіровоградської області — Знам'янка, 2008
