Yosef Burg

This article is about the Israeli politician. For the Ukrainian Jewish writer, see Josef Burg (writer).
Joseph Burg
יוסף בורג‎
Ministerial roles
1951–1952Minister of Health
1952–1958Minister of Postal Services
1959–1970Minister of Welfare
1970–1974Minister of Internal Affairs
1974–1976Minister of Internal Affairs
1975Minister of Welfare
1977–1984Minister of Internal Affairs
1981–1984Minister of Religious Affairs
1984Minister without Portfolio
1984–1986Minister of Religious Affairs
Faction represented in the Knesset
1949–1951United Religious Front
1951–1956Hapoel HaMizrachi
1956–1969National Religious Party
1974–1988National Religious Party
Personal details
Born31 January 1909
Dresden, Germany
Died15 October 1999(1999-10-15) (aged 90)
Jerusalem, Israel

Shlomo Joseph Burg (Hebrew: שלמה יוסף בורג‎, romanized: Shlomo Yosef Burg‎, 31 January 1909 – 15 October 1999) was a German-born Israeli politician. In 1949, he was elected to the first Knesset, and served in many ministerial positions for the next 40 years. He was one of the founders of the National Religious Party.[1]

Biography

Shlomo Yosef Burg was born in Dresden, Germany, on 31 January 1909.[2] He attended the Hildesheimer Rabbinical Seminary in Berlin from 1928 to 1938, and was ordained as a rabbi that year. He also studied at the University of Berlin from 1928 to 1931, and received a Doctorate in mathematics and logic from the University of Leipzig in 1933.[1][3]

While studying at the University of Leipzig, he joined the Young Mizrahi religious Zionist movement. He arranged Jewish prayer services in private homes after German synagogues were burned, and worked underground to help Jews escape to Britain and the Netherlands. His mother and grandmother died in Nazi concentration camps.[1]

In 1939, he immigrated to Mandate Palestine. When World War II begun, Burg was stuck in Geneva. He returned thanks to the help of a Polish diplomat of Ładoś Group who provided him with a Polish passport.[4] He worked as teacher at the Herzliya Hebrew Gymnasium - where he taught religion wearing a kippa, which he would remove when teaching history[5] - before moving to Jerusalem.[6] There he became a research fellow at Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Burg lived in the Rehavia neighborhood of Jerusalem.

Burg was married to Rivka Slonim, who was born in Hebron and survived the 1929 Hebron massacre. They had a son, Avraham, a politician[7] who served as speaker of the fifteenth Knesset, and two daughters, Ada, a doctor and Zvia.

Burg died on 15 October 1999 at the age of 90 at the Sha'arei Tzedek Medical Center.[7]

Political career

In Palestine, Burg joined Hapoel HaMizrachi, a religious-Zionist party. Alongside three other religious parties, Hapoel HaMizrachi ran on a joint list called the United Religious Front for the first Knesset elections in 1949. The group won 16 seats and Burg took a seat in the Knesset, becoming deputy speaker.

In the 1951 elections the party ran by itself, winning eight seats. Burg remained in the Knesset and became minister of health in the third government. In the fourth, fifth and sixth governments he served as minister of postal services, a position he retained until 1958.

In 1956 Hapoel HaMizrachi merged with their ideological twins from the Mizrachi party to form the National Religious Party (NRP). The party was a member of all governments until 1992. In 1977, he became the president of the World Mizrachi Movement. As a key party member, Burg maintained a ministerial position in every Knesset until his resignation from the Knesset and retirement from politics in 1986,[7] having held the positions of minister of welfare, minister of internal affairs, minister without portfolio and minister of religious affairs.

Burg was famous for his erudite wit. Journalists dubbed his appearances in parliament "Burgtheater," after the famous playhouse in Vienna.[1]

Legacy

According to Shimon Peres, Burg's most important legacy was trying to bridge the gulf between religious and secular Jews: "He was a religious man but he believed in compromise."[1] Ehud Barak said Burg took the path of moderation and tolerance, and showed a love for Jewish tradition.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f "Joseph Burg; Israeli Founding Father". Los Angeles Times. 16 October 1999. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
  2. ^ "Members". Knesset. Retrieved 24 August 2013.
  3. ^ "Yosef Burg". The State of Israel. Retrieved 29 July 2005.
  4. ^ "Polish Wartime Ambassador to Switzerland Rescued One of the State of Israel's Founding Fathers". berno.msz.gov.pl. 2019-10-11. Retrieved 2019-10-12.
  5. ^ Ravit Hecht,  'A Scion of Zionist Aristocracy Wants to Quit the Jewish People. Will Israel Let Him?,' Haaretz 2 January 2021.
  6. ^ Ronit Vered (3 December 2010). "Salad days". Haaretz. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
  7. ^ a b c "Israeli Statesman Yosef Burg, 90". Chicago Tribune. Jerusalem. 16 October 1999. Retrieved 24 August 2013.