In December 1949, Surkov entered the main editorial office of the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, where he worked until April 1951 as a senior scientific and control editor.
In the years 1953–1958, Surkov taught at the Maxim Gorky Literature Institute, and in 1964–1988 at VGIK, where he conducted a cinema studies workshop. Among his students are Sergey Kudryavtsev, Pyotr Shepotinnik, Ayaz Salayev.
In February 1979, Surkov led a delegation of Soviet cinematographers at the Berlin International Film Festival and, seeing the insult of the Vietnamese people in the film The Deer Hunter, initiated a boycott of the festival by delegations from socialist countries.[4][5]
Surkov was one of the brightest and most controversial figures in Russian film studies who put their talents in the service of official ideology.[6]
On June 28, 1988, Surkov died after attempting suicide.[7] Under the will is buried in Nizhny Novgorod, in the grave of his stepfather.[1]