Xiphodontidae

Xiphodontidae
Temporal range: 40.4–28.1 Ma
Drawing of Xiphodon by Georges Cuvier
Life restoration of Xiphodon
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Artiodactyla
Family: †Xiphodontidae
Flower, 1883
Genera

†Dichodon
†Haplomeryx
†Paraxiphodon
†Xiphodon

Xiphodontidae is an extinct family of herbivorous even-toed ungulates (order Artiodactyla), endemic to Europe during the Eocene 40.4—33.9 million years ago, existing for about 7.5 million years.[1] Paraxiphodon suggests that they survived into the Lower Oligocene, at least.[2]

Description

The molar teeth of xiphodontids are brachydont (low crowned) and selenodont.[3]

Taxonomy

The Xiphodontidae were named by Flower (1883). It was assigned to Artiodactyla by Cope (1889); to Xiphodontoidea by Hooker (1986); and to Tylopoda by Carroll (1988).[4][5] A 2020 study suggested them to be related to ruminants, as well as other Europe-endemic artiodactyls like Cainotheriidae and Anoplotheriidae.[6]

References

  1. ^ PaleoBiology Database: Xiphodontidae, basic info
  2. ^ Prothero, D.R.; Foss, S.E. (2007). The Evolution of Artiodactyls. Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 9780801887352. Retrieved 2014-10-08.
  3. ^ Blondel, C (April 2001). "The Eocene–Oligocene ungulates from Western Europe and their environment". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 168 (1–2): 125–139. doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(00)00252-2.
  4. ^ J. J. Hooker. 1986. Mammals from the Bartonian (middle/late Eocene) of the Hampshire Basin, southern England. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) 39(4):191-478
  5. ^ R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution. W. H. Freeman and Company, New York 1-698
  6. ^ Luccisano, Vincent; Sudre, Jean; Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020-10-01). "Revision of the Eocene artiodactyls (Mammalia, Placentalia) from Aumelas and Saint-Martin-de-Londres (Montpellier limestones, Hérault, France) questions the early European artiodactyl radiation". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 18 (19): 1631–1656. doi:10.1080/14772019.2020.1799253. ISSN 1477-2019. S2CID 221468663.

Read other articles:

Classe préparatoire à l'École des chartes

En France, les classes préparatoires à l'École des chartes sont des classes préparatoires littéraires préparant les étudiants qui les fréquentent au concours d'entrée à l'École nationale des chartes. Les études durent deux ans. La première année, intitulée officiellement classe de lettres supérieures préparatoire à l'École nationale des chartes, est mieux connue sous le nom d'hypochartes. La seconde année est dite classe de première supérieure préparatoire à l'École n...

 

 

The Bandits (ballet)

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: The Bandits ballet – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (February 2024) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Ekaterina Vazem in the Petipa/Minkus Les Brigands, St. Petersburg, 1875 The Bandits (French: Les Brigands) is a grand ball...

 

 

Éclagnens

Former municipality in Vaud, SwitzerlandÉclagnensFormer municipalityÉclagnens village administration building Coat of armsLocation of Éclagnens ÉclagnensShow map of SwitzerlandÉclagnensShow map of Canton of VaudCoordinates: 46°39′N 6°35′E / 46.650°N 6.583°E / 46.650; 6.583CountrySwitzerlandCantonVaudDistrictGros-de-VaudArea • Total2.14 km2 (0.83 sq mi)Elevation593 m (1,946 ft)Population (December 2009) •...

Cassini–Huygens

Artikel ini membutuhkan rujukan tambahan agar kualitasnya dapat dipastikan. Mohon bantu kami mengembangkan artikel ini dengan cara menambahkan rujukan ke sumber tepercaya. Pernyataan tak bersumber bisa saja dipertentangkan dan dihapus.Cari sumber: Cassini–Huygens – berita · surat kabar · buku · cendekiawan · JSTOR (Februari 2023) Cassini–HuygensArtist's concept of Cassini's orbit insertion around SaturnJenis misiCassini: Saturn orbiterHuygens: ...

 

 

Unikernel

Specialised, single address space machine images Comparison of a traditional OS stack and a MirageOS unikernel A unikernel is a computer program statically linked with the operating system code on which it depends. Unikernels are built with a specialized compiler that identifies the operating system services that a program uses and links it with one or more library operating systems that provide them. Such a program requires no separate operating system and can run instead as the guest of a h...

 

 

Kumagai Nobunao

Japanese samurai Kumagai NobunaoKumagai NobunaoNative name熊谷 信直Born1507Aki ProvinceDied1593Kumagaya-shi YakataCommands heldMiiri-Takamatsu CastleBattles/warsSiege of Koriyama, Battle of Miyajima In this Japanese name, the surname is Kuchiba. Kumagai Nobunao (熊谷 信直, 1507 – 1593) was a Japanese samurai and commander of the Sengoku period. Nobunao an Kumagai clan's ancestor was Kumagai Naozane.[1] He initially served the Aki Takeda clan, but he left Takeda clan and beca...

Bust of Ferdinand Marcos

Destroyed Ferdinand Marcos monument in Benguet, Philippines Bust of Ferdinand MarcosThe bust in 1989 prior to its destruction16°21′13″N 120°29′24″E / 16.35361°N 120.49000°E / 16.35361; 120.49000LocationMount Shontoug, Aspiras–Palispis Highway, Taloy Sur, Tuba, Benguet, PhilippinesMaterialconcreteHeight30 m (98 ft)Beginning date1978Completion date1980Dedicated toFerdinand MarcosDismantled dateDecember 2002 This article is part...

 

 

Rei Ayanami

Fictional character from Neon Genesis Evangelion Fictional character Rei AyanamiNeon Genesis Evangelion characterRei with her Eva-00 (in the background) as a child (left), as a pilot (center) and as a student (right)First appearanceNeon Genesis Evangelion chapter 2: Reunion (1995)Created byGainaxVoiced byJapaneseMegumi HayashibaraEnglishAmanda Winn-Lee (ADV dub and Rebuild series; Prime Video dub)Brina Palencia (Rebuild series; Funimation dub)Ryan Bartley (Netflix dub)In-universe information...

 

 

Megan Thee Stallion

American rapper (born 1995) Megan Thee StallionMegan Thee Stallion in 2022BornMegan Jovon Ruth Pete (1995-02-15) February 15, 1995 (age 29)San Antonio, Texas, U.S.Other namesTina SnowMeg Thee StallionHot Girl CoachHot Girl MegEducationTexas Southern University (BS)OccupationsRappersongwriteractressYears active2016–presentPartnerPardison Fontaine (2020–2023)AwardsFull listMusical careerOriginHouston, Texas, U.S.GenresHip hoptrapdirty rapDiscographyMegan Thee Stallion discogr...

Loch Eriboll

Sea loch on the north coast of Scotland Loch EribollLoch EribollLocationScotlandCoordinates58°30′18″N 4°40′12″W / 58.505°N 4.670°W / 58.505; -4.670TypeSea lochBasin countriesScotlandLoch Eriboll LighthouseWhiten Head Loch Eriboll Lighthouse on the East side of Loch Eriboll.Coordinates58°31′00″N 4°38′54″W / 58.516804°N 4.648422°W / 58.516804; -4.648422Constructed1894 (first)Constructionskeletal towerAutomate...

 

 

Daftar penghargaan dan nominasi yang diterima oleh Up in the Air

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Januari 2023. Artikel atau sebagian dari artikel ini mungkin diterjemahkan dari List of accolades received by Up in the Air di en.wikipedia.org. Isinya masih belum akurat, karena bagian yang diterjemahkan masih perlu diperhalus dan disempurnakan. Jika Anda menguasai...

 

 

Yukon

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Yukon (homonymie). Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus. Cet article ne s'appuie pas, ou pas assez, sur des sources secondaires ou tertiaires (juillet 2021). Pour améliorer la vérifiabilité de l'article ainsi que son intérêt encyclopédique, il est nécessaire, quand des sources primaires sont citées, de les associer à des analyses faites par des sources secondaires. Yukon Armoiries. Drapeau. Carte de localis...

Darwin–Wallace Medal

Medal awarded by the Linnean Society of London for major advances in evolutionary biology Not to be confused with Darwin Medal. The Darwin–Wallace Medal The Darwin–Wallace Medal is a medal awarded by the Linnean Society of London for major advances in evolutionary biology.[1][2] Historically, the medals have been awarded every 50 years, beginning in 1908. That year marked 50 years after the joint presentation by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace of two scientific pa...

 

 

Ian Hunter (cantante)

Ian HunterIan Hunter nel 2004 Nazionalità Regno Unito GenereRock and roll[1]Hard rock[1]Album-oriented rock[1]Proto-punk[1] Periodo di attività musicale1958 – in attività Strumentovoce, chitarra, tastiere GruppiMott the Hoople Album pubblicati28 Studio27 Live1 Raccolte0 Sito ufficiale Modifica dati su Wikidata · Manuale Ian Hunter Patterson (Oswestry, 3 giugno 1939) è un cantante e compositore britannico. Indice 1 Biografia 2...

 

 

Arthur Rigby (actor)

English actor and writer Arthur RigbyPhoto from a 1965 programmeBornArthur Turner(1900-09-27)27 September 1900London, UKDied25 April 1971(1971-04-25) (aged 70)Worthing, Sussex, UKOccupationActor & writerYears active1928–1965SpouseSheila MacEvoyRelativesWilliam Franklyn (nephew) Arthur Rigby (born Arthur Turner; 27 September 1900 – 25 April 1971) was an English actor and writer.[1][2] He was best known for playing Sgt Flint on the TV series Dixon of Do...

La Jardinera

1954 song by Hermanas ParraLa JardineraSong by Hermanas ParraB-sideEs imposibleReleased1954GenreTonadaNueva canción chilenaLabelOdeónSongwriter(s)Violeta Parra La Jardinera is a song in the tonada genre written and performed by Violeta Parra. The song was originally recorded by the Hermanas Parra (Violeta Parra and Isabel Parra) and released on the Odeón label (89-952 A).[1] The song became one of Parra's most popular and was also performed on her extended play record, Chants et Da...

 

 

Abay Opera House

Theatre in Almaty, KazakhstanAbay Opera HouseGeneral informationTypeTheatreLocationAlmaty, KazakhstanCoordinates43°14′56″N 76°56′45″E / 43.24889°N 76.94583°E / 43.24889; 76.94583Completed1941Opening1941Renovated2000Ownermunicipality of AlmatyWebsitehttps://www.gatob.kz/ Abay Opera House (Kazakh: Абай атындағы Қазақ ұлттық опера және балет театры, romanized: The Kazakh National Opera and Ballet Theatre after A...

 

 

Frikandel

Deep fried meat snack A frikandel with fries, lettuce and mayonnaise Home-made frikandel speciaal with fries Friet speciaal and frikandel speciaal served in a Dutch snackbar A frikandel (Dutch pronunciation: [frikɑnˈdɛl] ⓘ; plural frikandellen) is a traditional snack originating from the Netherlands, a sort of minced-meat sausage,[1][2] of which the modern version was developed after World War II. The history of this snack in the Spanish Netherlands goes back to t...

Cải xoong

Cải xoongCải xoong (Nasturtium microphyllum)Hoa cải xoongPhân loại khoa họcGiới (regnum)Plantae(không phân hạng)Angiospermae(không phân hạng)Eudicots(không phân hạng)RosidsBộ (ordo)BrassicalesHọ (familia)BrassicaceaeChi (genus)NasturtiumCác loài Nasturtium microphyllum (Boenn cũ Rchb) Nasturtium officinale (R.Br) Ruộng cải xoong ở Warnford, Hampshire, Anh Món cải xoong xào Cải xoong còn có tên gọi khác là cải xà lách xoong, xà lách xoon...

 

 

Tracy L. Garrett

United States Marine Corps general Tracy L. GarrettBornSeattle, WashingtonAllegianceUnited StatesService/branchUnited States Marine Corps ReserveYears of service1978–2014RankMajor GeneralCommandsInspector General of the Marine CorpsUnited States Marine Corps Forces, EuropeBattles/warsIraq WarAwardsLegion of MeritBronze Star MedalAlma materUniversity of WashingtonNaval War College Tracy L. Garrett is a retired major general of the United States Marine Corps Reserve. During her military ...