^ abSmith, Kenneth G.V.; Vockeroth, J.R. (1980). Crosskey, R.W. (ed.). Catalogue of the Diptera of the Afrotropical Region (Print). London: British museum (Natural History). pp. 1–1436. ISBN0565-00821-8.
^ abHarris, M. (1780). An exposition of English insects. Vol. Decads III, IV. London: Robson Co. pp. 73–99, 100–138, pls. 21–30, 31–40. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
^Marinoni, Luciane; Thompson, F. Christian (2003). "Flower flies of southeastern Brazil (Diptera: Syrphidae) Part I. Introduction and new species". Studia dipterologica. 10 (2): 565–578. ISSN0945-3954.
^Barkalov, A.V. "Syrphidae collection of Siberian Zoological Museum". Novosibirsk, Russia: the Institute of Animal Systematics and Ecology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Archived from the original on 20 October 2008. Retrieved 28 July 2009.
^Curran, C.H. (1938). "Records and description of African Syrphidae. – II (Diptera)". American Museum Novitates (1010): 1–20.