William Kraft

William Kraft (September 6, 1923 – February 12, 2022) was an American composer, conductor, teacher, timpanist, and percussionist.

Biography

Early life and education (1923–1954)

Kraft was born in Chicago, Illinois. He was awarded two Anton Seidl Fellowships at Columbia University, graduating with a bachelor's degree cum laude in 1951 and a master's degree in 1954. He studied composition with Jack Beeson and Henry Cowell, orchestration with Henry Brant, percussion with Morris Goldenberg, timpani from Saul Goodman, and conducting with Rudolph Thomas and Fritz Zweig.

While in New York City, Kraft worked as a freelance musician and was an extra percussionist at the Metropolitan Opera. In 1954, Kraft joined the Dallas Symphony. After one season, he accepted a position as percussionist with the Los Angeles Philharmonic.[1]

At the Los Angeles Philharmonic (1955–1985)

Kraft began as a member of the Los Angeles Philharmonic's percussion section, before being promoted to the orchestra's principal timpanist. From 1968 to 1972, he also served as the orchestra's assistant conductor, under then music director Zubin Mehta.[2] From 1981 to 1985, Kraft was Composer-in-Residence for the orchestra; during that period he founded and directed its New Music Group.[3] Altogether he spent 26 years with the Philharmonic.[4]

In 1958, Kraft founded the Los Angeles Percussion Ensemble, a group which made its debut on March 10 with the Monday Evening Concerts.[5] The group performed the world and local premieres of works by Alberto Ginastera, Lou Harrison, Ernst Krenek, Igor Stravinsky, Edgard Varèse, and other composers. He performed in the local premiere of Pierre Boulez's Le marteau sans maître under the composer's direction[6] and played the American premiere of Karlheinz Stockhausen's Zyklus. The latter led to a journalistic debate between Los Angeles Times music critic Albert Goldberg and Kraft, who took exception to the critic's use of the term "noisemakers" in reference to percussion instruments.[7]

He has also composed film soundtracks, including the scores to Psychic Killer (1975),[8] Avalanche (1978), Bill (1981), and Fire and Ice (1983).

Later years

Kraft served as chairman of the composition department and holder of the Corwin Chair at the University of California, Santa Barbara until he retired in June 2002.

Kraft died on February 12, 2022, at the age of 98.[9][10]

Commissions and awards

Compositions

In the 1960s and 1970s, most of Kraft's compositions were serial, while in the 1980s he incorporated jazz rhythms and impressionist harmonies. Although percussion works feature prominently in his catalog, in 1996–1998 he concentrated on composing his first opera, Red Azalea.[13] His works have been performed by many major American orchestras as well as those in Europe, Japan, Korea, China, Australia, Israel, and the USSR. Kraft's Contextures: Riots – Decade '60 (1967) has been choreographed and performed by both the Scottish National Ballet and the Minnesota Dance Company. In 1986, United Airlines commissioned a work expressly to accompany a lumetric sculpture by Michael Hayden titled Sky's the Limit, for their pedestrian passageway at Chicago-O'Hare International Airport.[14]

Encounters[15]
Name Instrumentations Details
General List Percussion
Soliloquy Multi-percussion with tape
Percussion
Vibraphone
Bongos
Snare drum
Tenor drum
Bass drum (with pedal)
Tam-tam
  • Commissioned by and dedicated to Karen Ervin
  • World premiere by Karen Ervin in 1975
  • Published by New Music West
  • Tape Recording by Protone CSPR163 Cassette
Encounter II Tuba None
  • World premiere by Roger Bobo in 1967
  • Published by Editions BIM
Encounter III Multi-percussion and trumpet
Percussion
  • Commission by Thomas Stevens
  • Dedicated to Thomas Stevens and Mitchell Peters
  • World premiere by Malcom McNab (trumpet) and Karen Ervin (percussion) in 1972
  • Published by New Music West
  • Tape Recording by Protone CSPR163 Cassette
Encounter IV Multi-percussion and trombone with tape
Percussion
  • Commission by Thomas Ervin and Karen Ervin
  • World premiere by Thomas Ervin (trombone), Karen Ervin (percussion) and tape collage by William Malloch on 1973
  • Published by New Music West
In the Morning of the Winter Sea Multi-percussion and cello
Percussion
Concertino for Roto Toms and Percussion Quartet Multi-percussion with percussion quartet
Percussion
Solo
7 Rototoms (6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18 inches)
Triangle
4 Cymbals
6 Crotales (G, C♯, F, D♯, E and F♯)
  • Commissioned by Remo
  • Dedicated to Jennifer Kraft (William Kraft's daughter)
  • World premiere by Temple University Percussion Ensemble on 10 March 1976
  • Published by New Music West
Blessed Are the Peacemakers Multi-percussion duet
Percussion
  • Commission by Steve Grimo and Pat Hollenbeck
  • Dedicated to Liz, David, Marc, Pat, Marsha, Rick, Nancy, Don, Sylvia and Carl
  • World premiere by Steve Grimo and Pat Hollenbeck in 1978
  • Published by New Music West
The Latimer Encounter Multi-percussion solo
Percussion
  • Commissioned by members and alumni of Wisconsin Youth Symphony
  • World premiere by Jim Latimer in 1978
  • Published by New Music West
Encounters IX Alto saxophone and multi-percussion
Percussion
  • Commissioned by Baylor University
  • World premiere by David Hastings (saxophone) and Larry Vanlandingham (percussion) in 1982
  • Published by New Music West
Duologue for Violin and Marimba Violin and marimba None
  • Commission by Marimolin
  • World premiere by Sharan Leventhal (violin) and Nancy Zeltsman (marimba) in 1992
  • Published by New Music West
The Demise of Suriyodhaya Multi-percussion and English horn
Percussion
The Gabrielic Foray Multi-percussion and harp
Percussion
  • World premiered by David Herbert (percussion) and Alison Bjurkedal (harp) on 12 August 2003
  • Published by Theodore Pressor Company
Concertino for Percussion and Woodwind Quintet Multi-percussion and woodwind quintet
Percussion
Concerto a Tre Violin, piano, and percussion
Percussion
  • World premiered by Martha's Vineyard Chamber Music Society on 8 August 2005
  • Published by Theodore Pressor Company
Encounter XV Multi-percussion and amplified guitar
Percussion
Large Ensemble Works
Title Instrumentation Details
Solo Ensemble Percussion
Concerto for Four Percussionists and Symphonic Wind Ensemble[16] Multi-percussion
Ensemble
4 Flutes (3rd doubling piccolo; 4th doubling piccolo and alto flute)
4 Oboes (4th doubling English horn)
4 Clarinet in B♭ (4th doubling bass clarinet in B♭)
4 Bassoon (4th doubling contrabassoon)
4 Horns in F
4 Trumpets in C
4 Trombones
Tuba
Piano (doubling celesta)
Harp
Percussion
Configurations
Concerto for Four Percussion Soloists and Jazz Orchestra 		Multi-percussion
Ensemble
Flute
Clarinet
Alto saxophone
2 Horns
3 Trumpets
3 Trombones
Tuba
Piano
Guitar
Double bass
Percussion
Concerto for Timpani and Orchestra Timpani
Ensemble
2 Flutes (both doubling piccolo)
2 Oboes (both doubling English horn)
2 Clarinets in B♭
2 Bassoons
4 Horns in F
3 Trumpets in C
3 Trombone
3 Percussion
Piano (doubling celesta)
Harp
Violins
Violas
Cellos
Double bass
Percussion
Concerto for Percussion and Chamber Ensemble[18] Multi-percussion
Ensemble
Flute (doubling piccolo)
Clarinet in A (doubling bass clarinet in B♭)
Violin
Cello
Percussion
Concerto No. 2 for Timpani and Orchestra
The Grand Encounter[19] 		Timpani
(15 Timpani are required)
Ensemble
3 Flutes (3rd doubling piccolo and alto flute)
3 Oboes (3rd doubling English horn)
3 Clarinet in B♭ (3rd doubling bass clarinet in B♭)
3 Bassoon (3rd doubling contrabassoon)
3 Horns in F
3 Trumpets in C
3 Trombones
Tuba
4 Percussion
Piano (doubling celesta)
Harp
Violins
Violas
Cellos
Double bass
Percussion

Recordings

Compact discs completely devoted to Kraft's music can be found on Harmonia Mundi, CRI, Cambria, Crystal, Albany, and Nonesuch labels. Other works can be found on GM, Crystal, London Decca, Townhall, EMI, and Neuma. Recent works include Brazen, commissioned by the San Francisco Symphony Orchestra; Quintessence Revisited and Concerto for Four Percussion Soloists and Symphonic Wind Ensemble, premiered and recorded by the New England Conservatory Wind Ensemble, Frank Battisti conducting. His Encounter solo series has been recorded multiple times on all appropriate instruments. On Encounters, he worked with guitarist John Schneider. Encounters II showcases unique techniques for tuba such as multiphonics double pedal range. In 2010, the Los Angeles Philharmonic released a recording on DG Concerts of the Timpani Concerto No. 1 featuring Joseph Pereira as soloist with John Adams conducting.

Discography

References

  1. ^ Swed, Mark (February 17, 2022). "Timpanist and composer William Kraft, who helped usher in the modern L.A. Phil, dies at 98". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on May 31, 2022. Retrieved May 30, 2022.
  2. ^ Hernández, Javier C. (March 23, 2022). "William Kraft, Percussionist and Force in New Music, Dies at 98". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 31, 2022. Retrieved May 30, 2022.
  3. ^ "William Kraft - composer". LA Philharmonic. Retrieved 2021-09-08.
  4. ^ "William Kraft". UC Santa Barbara Department of Music. Archived from the original on May 31, 2022. Retrieved May 30, 2022.
  5. ^ "2 Sonatas on Monday Evening Concert Bill". Los Angeles Evening Citizen News. March 6, 1958. Archived from the original on May 31, 2022. Retrieved May 30, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  6. ^ Goldberg, Albert (March 12, 1957). "Strange Music Heard At Monday Concert". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 30, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  7. ^ Goldberg, Albert (April 9, 1961). "Noisemakers! No, Not That, Too, Mr. Critic!". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on May 31, 2022. Retrieved May 30, 2022.
  8. ^ "Psychic Killer (1975) Full Cast & Crew". IMDb. Retrieved 2021-09-08.
  9. ^ "William Kraft". NAMM. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
  10. ^ "Timpanist and composer William Kraft, who helped usher in the modern L.A. Phil, dies at 98". Los Angeles Times. 18 February 2022.
  11. ^ "Four Composers Win Awards for New Work". The New York Times. 31 October 1990. Retrieved 2021-09-08.
  12. ^ "PAS Hall of Fame". Percussive Art Society. Retrieved 2021-09-08.
  13. ^ Shulman 2001.
  14. ^ "UC Santa Barbara: Department of Music: William Kraft". Archived from the original on 2019-08-13. Retrieved 2021-01-31.
  15. ^ Bridwell, Barry (1993). The Multi-Percussion Writing of William Kraft in His Encounters Series with Three Recitals of Selected Works of ERB, PTASZYNSKA, REDEL, SERRY and Others. University of North Texas: Barry D. Bridwell.
  16. ^ "Concerto for Four Percussionists and Symphonic Wind Ensemble". Presser. Retrieved 2021-09-08.
  17. ^ "William Kraft: Concerto for Timpani and Orchestra". ISSUU. 14 November 2011. Retrieved 2021-09-08.
  18. ^ "Concerto for Solo Percussion and Chamber Ensemble". PERCTEK. Retrieved 2021-09-08.
  19. ^ "William Kraft: Concerto No. 2 The Grand Encounter for Timpani and Orchestra". ISSUU. 2011-11-14. Retrieved 2021-09-08.

Works cited

  • Shulman, Laurie. 2001. "Kraft, William". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell. London: Macmillan Publishers.

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