Traditionally, the community of Westmount has been a wealthy and predominantly anglophone enclave, having been at one point the richest community in Canada. It is still the most affluent neighbourhood in Canada outside of Toronto, Vancouver, and Calgary.
History
There are indications of a First Nations presence 4000 to 5000 years ago. A large amount of prehistoric burial sites were found within the area of Westmount. The Anishinaabe and Haudenosaunee (Iriquois) peoples have historically inhabited the Island of Montreal as well as much of Quebec.[9][10]
When the first French colonists settled in the area in the middle of the seventeenth century, this area was known by several names including La Petite Montagne, Notre-Dame-de-Grâce and Côte-Saint-Antoine. A former farmhouse from this era, Hurtubise House, is the oldest house still standing in Westmount.
The Village of Côte St-Antoine was first incorporated in 1874. It later became the Town of Côte St-Antoine.
It was renamed Westmount, in 1895, reflecting the geographical location of the city on the southwest slope of Mount Royal and the presence of a large English-speaking population.
During the twentieth century, Westmount became a wealthy Montreal suburb; a small city dotted with many green spaces. Architect Robert Findlay, a resident in the early twentieth century, designed many municipal buildings in the city, including the library, Westmount City Hall and several other buildings of public order.
In the twentieth century, Westmount was home to some of Montreal's wealthiest families including the Bronfmans and the Molsons. This made the city a symbolic target of Front de libération du Québec terrorist bombings in the 1960s, culminating in the 1970 October Crisis.
Following the death of former Quebec PremierRené Lévesque in 1987, the city of Montreal renamed Dorchester Boulevard René Lévesque Boulevard. After the city of Montreal changed the name, Westmount retained the name of Dorchester on their portion, as did Montréal-Est.
Merger with Montreal
In 2001, while trying to prevent Westmount from being amalgamated into the city of Montreal, Westmount Mayor Peter Trent and city council asserted that the city was a designated anglophone institution and should not be merged into francophone greater Montreal. In response to this opposition, Municipal Affairs Minister Louise Harel said that Westmount's resistance "reeked of colonialism" and that the opposition was an "ethnic project", statements for which she would refuse to apologize.[11] When asked for comment, Quebec Premier Bernard Landry said the minister had his full support and that the opposition was little more than Quebec bashing.[12] Several federalist public figures criticized Landry's statement: Jean Charest called it insulting to the intelligence of the citizens of Quebec; Joseph Gabary, president of the Quebec Chapter of the Canadian Jewish Congress, called the language "crude"; Alliance Quebec also criticized the premier for singling out the city for special criticism.[13]
Nevertheless, it remains part of the urban agglomeration of Montreal and the bulk of its municipal taxes go to the Agglomeration Council, which oversees activities common to all municipalities on the Island of Montreal (e.g. police, fire protection, public transit) even after the demerger.
Geography
The city is roughly 4 km2 (1.5 sq mi), and occupies an area of land on the south face of Westmount Summit, the western peak of Mount Royal. The city, most of which is on steep terrain, extends from the summit to the end of the narrow plateau at the foot of the mountain.
Cityscape
Greene Avenue in eastern Westmount.Westmount's former post office on Greene Avenue, built in 1913 and designed by Willis Ritchie.
Most of the city is residential. Homes increase in size and value toward the top of the mountain, with the largest and most expensive being on or near Summit Circle.
There are several parks within the city, including Westmount Park and King George Park (also known as Murray Hill). Summit Woods, a popular urban forest and dog run, is located within Summit Circle.
Westmount Park
Located between Sherbrooke Street and De Maisonneuve Boulevard to the north and south, and Melville and Lansdowne Avenue to the east and west, this 1,141,002 sq ft (106,002.6 m2) park is the second largest in Westmount.
The landscaping design was undertaken in 1912 by M.J. Manning, and comprises large playing fields at the east and south sides, and Westmount Arena and adjacent swimming pool at the southwest corner. The central area contains an extensive playground, footpaths, ponds and wading pools, and tennis courts. Westmount Public Library, built in 1897,[14]Victoria Hall, and a large greenhouse are located on the north side.[15]Westmount Park United Church is adjacent to the park to the west.
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Westmount had a population of 19,658 living in 8,591 of its 9,423 total private dwellings, a change of -3.2% from its 2016 population of 20,312. With a land area of 4.04 km2 (1.56 sq mi), it had a population density of 4,865.8/km2 (12,602.5/sq mi) in 2021.[18]
StatsCan lists the median after-tax income in 2015 as $41,674. The three largest occupation categories were management, business, and "education, law and social, community and government services"; each of these sectors employed about 20% of Westmount workers.[20]
Government
Municipal
Since regaining its status as a city, Westmount is governed by a City Council made up of a mayor and eight "district" councillors. The current mayor of Westmount is Christina Smith, who was elected interim mayor at a special council meeting on April 24, 2017, following the retirement of long-serving Mayor Peter Trent. Smith later went on to win an election November 5, 2017 to remain mayor.
She retained her position in 2021, being acclaimed. In addition to the local city council, Westmount is represented by its mayor on the Montreal Agglomeration Council.
Westmount was home of the Montreal Arena, the third arena in history to be built specifically for hockey. It was the home rink for the Montreal Wanderers, one of the great teams of the early hockey era, as well as the legendary Montreal Canadiens. The arena burned down in 1918, causing the Wanderers to disband.
In 2010, Mayor Peter Trent unveiled a $38-million project to demolish the old arena and create two new rinks, a larger swimming pool, refurbished tennis courts, and an extra acre of green space.[23] In the fall of 2013, the new Westmount Recreation Centre opened.[24] It is home to the Westmount Wings, Lasalle/Westmount Cobras and was the home of the Westmount Predators that are no longer active.
Westmount is home to the Westmount Lynx Lacrosse Club, which has field lacrosse teams for boys and girls aged 8–16.
Musicians Leonard Cohen and Sam Roberts were born in Westmount, as was the actress and comedian Caroline Rhea. The city is currently home to many notable Montrealers, including the federal MP and former astronaut Marc Garneau.
Canadian-American MMA journalist Ariel Helwani grew up in Westmount and attended the Akiva School.[29]
Westmount has been the setting for a number of novels. Gwethalyn Graham's World War II novel Earth and High Heaven told the story of a romance between a wealthy English girl from Westmount and a Jewish lawyer from Northern Ontario.[30] David Montrose' 1950s hard-boiled detective novel, The Crime on Cote des Neiges,[31] was translated into French as Meurtre à Westmount.[32]Daniel Richler's Kicking Tomorrow is a bildungsroman of a teenager growing up in a Westmount family in the 1970s, mentioning how the students at Westmount High School were "famous in the City for the achievement of being perpetually stoned."[33]Claire Rothman's novel Lear's Shadow[34] takes place amidst an outdoor summer production of the Shakespeare play in Westmount Park. Edward Openshaw Phillips wrote a series of mystery novels starring an anglophone Westmount lawyer, most of which were set in Westmount.
^"沿革". Montreal Hoshuko School. Archived from the original on December 27, 2017. Retrieved December 28, 2017. １９７２年 ７月 カナダで初めての補習校として創設、当時は日系文化会館を借用 ... １９８３年 ３月 ウエストマウントパーク校へ移転 ... １９９９年 ４月 Trafalgar School for Girls（トラファルガー女子校-現校舎）へ移転
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