Wensleydale Railway

This article is about the railway in Yorkshire, England. For the railway in Victoria, Australia between 1890 and 1948, see Wensleydale railway line (Australia).

Wensleydale Railway
Tornado at Newton-le-Willows in May 2019
LocaleNorth Yorkshire
Commercial operations
NameWensleydale Railway
Original gauge4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Preserved operations
Operated byWensleydale Railway plc
Stations7
Length22 miles (35 km)
Preserved gauge4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Commercial history
Openedbetween 1848 & 1878
Closed to passengers26 April 1954
Closed1992
Preservation history
HeadquartersLeeming Bar

The Wensleydale Railway is a heritage railway in Wensleydale and Lower Swaledale in North Yorkshire, England. It was built in stages by different railway companies and originally extended to Garsdale railway station on the Settle-Carlisle line. Since 2003, the remaining line has been run as a heritage railway. The line runs 22 miles (35 km) between Northallerton West station, about a fifteen-minute walk from Northallerton station on the East Coast Main Line, and Redmire.

Regular passenger services operate between Leeming Bar and Redmire, with a shuttle to Scruton, occasional freight services and excursions travel the full length of the line.

The line formerly ran from Northallerton to Garsdale on the Settle-Carlisle Railway but the track between Redmire and Garsdale has been lifted and several bridges have been demolished, although one of the stated aims of the Wensleydale Railway is to reinstate the line from Redmire to Garsdale. Additionally, a separate proposal exists to link Hawes to Garsdale with a view to providing commuter and tourist services rather than heritage services.

History

On 26 June 1846, an act of Parliament (the Great North of England and Bedale Branch Railway Act 1846)[1] authorised the Newcastle & Darlington Junction Railway, and its successor the York, Newcastle and Berwick Railway, to build a line between Northallerton and Bedale.[2] The 5+1⁄2-mile (8.9 km) section between Northallerton and Leeming Lane opened on 6 March 1848.[3][4] The section between Leeming Bar and Bedale that was authorised by the act was not built, due to the collapse of George Hudson's railway interests.[5] This left the railway to terminate just west of the Great North Road in Leeming Bar, with passengers for Bedale being conveyed on the last section by horse and cart.[6]

Liverpool, Manchester and Newcastle-upon-Tyne Junction Railway Act 1846
Act of Parliament
Parliament of the United Kingdom
Long titleAn Act for making a Railway, to be called "The Liverpool, Manchester, and Newcastle-upon-Tyne Junction Railway," with a Branch to the Town of Hawes.
Citation9 & 10 Vict. c. xc
Dates
Royal assent26 June 1846

The Bedale and Leyburn Railway, financed by local landowners, was an 11+1⁄2-mile (18.5 km) extension between Leeming Bar and Leyburn that was authorised on 4 August 1853; the section between Leeming Bar and Bedale station opened on 1 February 1855 and the remainder on 28 November 1855 for goods and minerals and 19 May 1856 for passengers.[7][4][8][9] The York, Newcastle and Berwick had become a founder member of the North Eastern Railway (NER) on 31 July 1854,[10] and the Bedale and Leyburn was absorbed into this larger company in 1859.[11]

Share of the Liverpool, Manchester and Newcastle upon Tyne Junction Railway Company, issued 1. August 1846

The Liverpool, Manchester and Newcastle upon Tyne Junction Railway had been proposed in the mid-1840s railway mania to link Settle, Hawes and Askrigg,[12] and the Liverpool, Manchester and Newcastle-upon-Tyne Junction Railway Act 1846 (9 & 10 Vict. c. xc) gave permission for a main line from Elslack, on the Leeds and Bradford Railway, to Scorton on the Richmond branch of the Great North of England Railway, and a branch line to Hawes,[13][14] but this scheme failed.[15]

In the late 1860s, several competing railways proposed to serve the agricultural land around Hawes.[16] Eventually, an Act of Parliament raised by the Midland Railway that mostly related to the Settle and Carlisle line but included a branch off this line between Garsdale and Hawes was authorised on 16 July 1866.[17][18] An Act of Parliament raised by the North Eastern Railway for a railway between Leyburn and Hawes was authorised on 4 July 1870,[19] though work did not start until 1874.[20] The section of this railway between Leyburn and Askrigg opened on 1 February 1877; the section between Askrigg and Hawes was opened for goods on 1 June 1878. The Hawes branch of the Settle and Carlisle line was opened for goods on 1 August 1878; the sections between Askrigg and Hawes and between Hawes and Garsdale were both opened for passengers on 1 October 1878.[4][21][22][23] The delays in the section between Hawes Junction and Hawes was down to the heavier engineering required on this section (one tunnel and two viaducts) with steeper gradients. In the months before the section opened, a landslip at Mossdale required extra work to excavate from the line.[24]

At this point, there was a through route between Northallerton and Garsdale.[25] Both companies had running powers over each others' lines; the NER ran passenger trains westwards from Hawes (but no freight) and the Midland only exercised their right to run trains eastwards to Leyburn with occasional excursion traffic.[26]

Rationalisation

The line remained a single track branch line, except for the double track section between Leeming Bar and Bedale. Chief commodities transported on the line were coal, milk, and stone.[27][28][29] One passenger train each way was operated between Garsdale and Hawes until 14 March 1959 at which point this part of the line closed to all traffic,[30] however, freight continued from Northallerton to Hawes until 1964.[31] On 27 April 1964, the line between Redmire and Hawes closed completely.[30] The track west of Redmire was lifted and many bridges on this section of the line were demolished in 1965.[32] Most freight traffic on the line ceased in 1982,[33] with the exception of the limestone traffic from Redmire to Teesside for steel-making, though this freight flow ceased in December 1992 when British Steel switched its limestone source to Hardendale in Cumbria.[34] As a result of the removal of all but the one daily train, Leyburn loop and signal box were closed.[29] Some excursion tours ran to Redmire in the 1970s, 1980s and early 1990s[35] particularly the DalesRail services in 1977 which prompted interest in a renewed passenger service on the line.[36]

Services

At the opening of the railway to Leyburn in 1856, services consisted of either five or six return journeys.[37] With the eventual opening of the line by 1878, the NER rans five trains per day between Northallerton and Garsdale, with the Midland Railway running an additional daily return train from Hellifield to Hawes, known colloquially as Bonnyface.[25] In the 1880s, the Midland Railway ran two stopping passengers trains on the Settle-Carlisle Line, which would connect with the NER local trains to Northallerton from Hawes Junction (Garsdale).[38] The Midland (and later the LMS) ran a second early morning train to Hawes on a Tuesday only, this was the day of the cattle market in Hawes.[26] The 1896 timetable shows five workings from Northallerton to Hawes, four of which continued on to Hawes Junction. The return number down the valley towards Northallerton was the same; five in total, with four originating at Hawes Junction.[39]

In 1914, services amounted to five daily return trips on the full length of the line. A further two trains went part way; Northallerton to Bedale arriving at 10:07 am, and Northallerton to Leyburn, arriving at 11:47 pm. In the other direction, the two extra trains were Leyburn to Northallerton leaving at 6:10 am and Hawes to Northallerton leaving at 9:05 am.[40] By 1939, three trains ran the full length of the line in both directions, with two extra services either terminating, or starting from Leyburn and Hawes.[41] By 1942, only two trains ran the whole length of the line, but the third service was reinstated by 1950.[42]

After services ceased running eastwards from Hawes in 1954, the Bonnyface became a once-daily train connecting Hawes with Hellifield.[43]

Restoration

Map this section's coordinates using OpenStreetMap

Download coordinates as:

Diesel multiple unit at Leyburn railway station in 2005

The Wensleydale Railway Association (WRA) was formed in 1990 with the main aim of restoring passenger services.[44] When British Rail decided to try to sell the line between Northallerton and Redmire following cessation of the quarry trains to Redmire, the WRA decided to take a more proactive role and aimed to operate passenger services itself. The Ministry of Defence (MoD) had an interest in using the line between Northallerton and Redmire to transport armoured vehicles to/from Catterick Garrison. The MoD paid for repairs and restoration of the line and the installation of loading facilities at Redmire, and did not object to WRC taking over the line. A trial train ran in November 1993 and full MoD operations started in July 1996.[45] These military transport trains continue to this day.[46]

In 2000, WRA formed a separate operating company, the Wensleydale Railway plc (WRC), and issued a share offer to raise funds. £1.2 million was raised through this method. Railtrack agreed to lease the line between Northallerton and Redmire to WRC and a 99-year lease was signed in 2003. Passenger services restarted on 4 July 2003[47] with the stations at Leeming Bar and Leyburn being reopened. In 2004, the stations at Bedale, Finghall and Redmire were reopened. A passing loop was opened at the site of the former Constable Burton station, which enabled the railway to introduce a 2-train service when required.[48][49]

In 2014, Scruton station was reopened and a new station built at Northallerton West, enabling passenger services to be extended east of Leeming Bar,[50] but this section was closed to passengers again in August 2016 following a collision between a train and a car at a level crossing near Yafforth.[51] It is hoped to recommence services at a future date once work to upgrade level crossing equipment is complete.[52]

In 2016, it was reported that the railway carries over 50,000 people a year and that for every £1 spent on the railway, £4 is spent at one of the towns or villages on the route.[53]

The company's longer-term aim is to reopen the 18 miles (29 km) of line west from Redmire via Castle Bolton, Aysgarth, Askrigg, Bainbridge, Hawes and Mossdale to join up with the Settle-Carlisle Railway Route at Garsdale.[50] A study commissioned by the railway indicated that an initial extension to Aysgarth from Redmire (3 miles (4.8 km)), would generate an extra income of £3.1 million per year into the local economy with an additional £500,000 in annual ticket sales for the railway.[54] The sale of Aysgarth Station and trackbed to a private individual in 2017 allowed the release of funds[55] and the short term plan is to extend some 0.75 miles (1.21 km) to a brand new station serving Castle Bolton. This has been costed at £2 million and is listed in a five-year plan.[56] In order to achieve this, the missing bridge that used to span Apedale Beck to the west of Redmire station will need to be replaced. There was a plan to do so utilising a redundant bridge from the Catterick branch line that was removed during the A1 to A1(M) upgrade in 2015 and stored in Redmire Station car park.[57] However the bridge was subsequently found to be unsuitable and it has been cut up and removed.

In January 2019, Campaign for Better Transport released a report identifying the line which was listed as Priority 2 for reopening. Priority 2 is for those lines which require further development or a change in circumstances (such as housing developments).[58]

In 2019, services were suspended between Leyburn and Redmire due to the deterioration of the track infrastructure. As of 2024, services are still to hopefully resume between the two stations with trains terminating at Leyburn. A fundraising appeal is currently taking place to fund the replacement of the life-expired track.[59]

Upper Wensleydale Railway

In late 2019/early 2020, a separate organisation, the Upper Wensleydale Railway, was formed to campaign to reinstate the line between Hawes and Garsdale.[60] The group's objective is to have a timetabled year-round service run by a train operating company, rather than a heritage service.[61] This scheme was shortlisted for funding in the second round of the government's Reverse Beeching Fund, in June 2020.[62]

Company structure

The ex Great Eastern Railway signal box at Leeming Bar. This was formerly the signal box at North Wootton[63]

The Wensleydale Railway plc is responsible for the operation, maintenance and development of the railway line and passenger services. The company has a mixture of employed and volunteer staff.

The Wensleydale Railway Association (Trust) Ltd is a membership organisation and a registered charity[64] that supports the development of the railway through fund raising, volunteer working, providing training and supporting work on heritage structures such as Scruton station and Bedale signal box.

Locomotives

Steam locomotives
Number & Name Description History & Current Status Livery Owner(s) Date Photograph
No. 69023 Joem Class J72 Withdrawn for overhaul.[65][66] BR Apple Green North Eastern Locomotive Preservation Group 1951

Class 9F No. 92219 was removed from the railway in December 2020 to a private site in Tebay, subsequently moving to the Strathspey Railway in 2023. Other locos were also moved from the Wensleydale Railway at the same time due to the railway being overcrowded and needing space to operate.[67]

Diesel locomotives
Number & Name Description Current Status Livery Owner Date Built Photograph
No. 37250 (D6950) Class 37 Operational[68] EWS Private Owner. 1964
No. 33035 (D6553) Class 33 Operational BR Blue Pioneer Diesels[69] 1961
No. D9523[70] Class 14 Operational BR Maroon 1964
No. D9513[70] Class 14 Operational NCB Blue Private Owner 1964
No. 03144 Class 03 Operational BR Blue
No.

47714[71]

Class 47 Undergoing Repair Anglia
47714 while in storage at Doncaster before entering preservation

The railway also has an 0-6-0 Sentinel Shunter and a Tyne and Wear Metro Shunter WL4.

Both 20169 and 37674, were moved from the Wensleydale Railway in December 2020.[72]

Previously stored or unused locomotives, numbers No. 25313 (D7663), No. 31454,[73] No. 37503 (D6717),[74][75] No. 60086,[76] and No. 60050[76] were all cleared from the railway in spring 2021.[77]

144004 and 144016 at Bedale
Leeming Bar Community hub
  • Diesel Multiple Units (DMUs)

In the autumn of 2020, BR Class 144 Nos. 144004 and 144016, were temporarily stored at the railway, awaiting onward transport by road to the Aln Valley Railway.[81] They departed the Wensleydale Railway in December 2020.[82]

Incidents

  • 15 February 1867 – two trains collided on a single line section west of Newton-le-Willows station. The westbound train was in the process of moving forward to reverse shunt into the siding to allow the eastbound train to enter the station. Both trains were signalled onto the single line section at the same time and so collided head-on. Injuries were only to passengers in the eastbound train.[note 1] An inquiry recommended that a passing loop and a second platform be installed.[84]
  • 24 December 1894 – the ex-Hawes goods train was shunting the yard at Bedale when a heavy goods train arriving from Darlington collided with it. One of the wagons went down an embankment, but there were no injuries. However, passengers had to detrain and walk through the station to rejoin trains on either side of the accident to continue their journeys.[85]
  • 6 December 1900, a landslip north of Bedale Signal Box derailed a train so that it ended up in Bedale Beck. The fireman was scalded badly and taken to Northallerton Cottage Hospital, where he later died.[86][87]
  • 1988 – a limestone train from Redmire derailed on the level crossing outside Bedale railway station, damaging the track and station. Rotten wooden sleepers were attributed as the cause, with the resultant accident taking over 48 hours to clear-up and causing chaos on the local road network.[88]
  • 30 June 2011 – a tractor was hit by a train on Flood Bridge user-worked crossing (UWC).
  • 1 August 2011 – a car was hit by a train on Fox Park level crossing between Jervaulx and Crakehall stations. No injuries were reported.

The above two accidents required the heritage railway to update and improve its safety management practices.[89]

  • 20 October 2012 – a car was hit by a locomotive on Fox Park level crossing.[90]
  • 30 January 2013 – a car was struck by a train at Aiskew level crossing, which took the A684 road over the railway (the A684 has bypassed this road since 2014).[91]
  • 3 August 2016 – a heritage train heading west from Northallerton West railway station struck a car on the level crossing near to the village of Yafforth. The lights and audible alarms were determined to have been in good working order. The car driver and two passengers on the train were injured.[92]

Notes

  1. ^ Most sources, and modern mapping, list the westbound direction as the Down line, and the eastbound as the Up line. However, in the accident report for this crash, the Up and Down lines are reversed.[83]

References

  1. ^ "Chronological Tables of Local Acts". legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 29 September 2024.
  2. ^ Jenkins 1993, pp. 8–9.
  3. ^ Tomlinson 1915, pp. 492–493.
  4. ^ a b c Hoole 1974, p. 110.
  5. ^ Jenkins 1993, p. 9.
  6. ^ Joy 2005, p. 3.
  7. ^ Jenkins 1993, pp. 22–23.
  8. ^ Tomlinson 1915, pp. 522, 555.
  9. ^ Butt 1995, pp. 30, 142.
  10. ^ Tomlinson 1915, pp. 525–526.
  11. ^ Tomlinson 1915, p. 778.
  12. ^ Tomlinson 1915, p. 468.
  13. ^ "Liverpool, Manchester and Newcastle-upon-Tyne Junction Railway" (PDF). London Gazette. 12 May 1846.
  14. ^ Tomlinson 1915, p. 480.
  15. ^ Hallas 1986, pp. 8–9.
  16. ^ Tomlinson 1915, p. 616.
  17. ^ Tomlinson 1915, p. 618.
  18. ^ Jenkins 1993, pp. 29–30.
  19. ^ Jenkins 1993, p. 31.
  20. ^ "Opening of the Wensleydale extension railway". The Leeds Mercury. No. 12, 111. Column E. 2 February 1877. p. 4.
  21. ^ Butt 1995, p. 116.
  22. ^ Tomlinson 1915, pp. 682–683.
  23. ^ Jenkins 1993, pp. 35–36.
  24. ^ "Opening of the Hawes Railway". The York Herald. No. 6, 649. Column E. 3 June 1878. p. 6.
  25. ^ a b Suggitt 2007, p. 55.
  26. ^ a b Blakemore 2005, p. 59.
  27. ^ Hoole 1974, pp. 110–111.
  28. ^ Jenkins 1993, p. 171.
  29. ^ a b Shannon 2019, p. 152.
  30. ^ a b Jenkins 1993, p. 174.
  31. ^ Blakemore 2005, p. 61.
  32. ^ Hallas 2002, p. 83.
  33. ^ Jenkins 1993, p. 179.
  34. ^ Shannon 2019, p. 86.
  35. ^ Jenkins 1993, pp. 177–179.
  36. ^ Redhead 1978, pp. 527–529.
  37. ^ Suggitt 2007, p. 54.
  38. ^ Bairstow 1994, p. 47.
  39. ^ Young 2015, p. 84.
  40. ^ Goode 1980, p. 30.
  41. ^ 1939 LNER (timetables) at the Internet Archive
  42. ^ Goode 1980, p. 31–32.
  43. ^ Bairstow 1994, p. 38.
  44. ^ "Wensleydale Railway Association celebrates milestone anniversary". The Westmorland Gazette. 21 May 2015. Retrieved 17 June 2017.
  45. ^ Hallas 2002, p. 89.
  46. ^ Pickering 2019, p. 40.
  47. ^ Sharpe, Brian (2016). "LNER heritage lines". LNER Steam Revival. Horncastle: Mortons Media. p. 11. ISBN 978-1-909128-63-7.
  48. ^ Pickering 2019, p. 37.
  49. ^ Jacobs, Gerald, ed. (2006). Railway Track Diagrams; Book 2 – Eastern (3 ed.). Bradford-upon-Avon: TRACKmaps. 45E. ISBN 0-9549866-2-8.
  50. ^ a b "Wensleydale Railway » About us". Wensleydalerail.com. Retrieved 20 January 2014.
  51. ^ Minting, Stuart (4 August 2016). "Investigation launched after woman seriously hurt after car hit by train near Northallerton". The Northern Echo. Newsquest (North East) Ltd. Retrieved 3 April 2018.
  52. ^ "Current Projects". Wensleydale Railway. Retrieved 3 April 2018.
  53. ^ Gleeson, Janet (18 November 2016). "Heritage line unveils its station restoration plan". Darlington & Stockton Times. No. 46–2016. p. 3. ISSN 2040-3933.
  54. ^ Flanagan, Emily. "Optimism over extending railway line into Yorkshire Dales". Darlington & Stockton Times. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
  55. ^ "Station sale plans spark fears for the future of Wensleydale Railway". The Northern Echo. 25 August 2017.
  56. ^ Sedgwick, Phillip (17 January 2020). "Developments outlined for future of heritage railway". Darlington & Stockton Times. No. 3–2020. p. 3. ISSN 2516-5348.
  57. ^ Willis, Joe (19 October 2015). "Wensleydale Railway buy bridge to allow Aysgarth link". The Northern Echo. Retrieved 31 January 2020.
  58. ^ "The case for expanding the rail network" (PDF). Campaign for Better Transport. p. 42. Retrieved 22 April 2019.
  59. ^ "Return to Redmire Appeal". 12 September 2022. Retrieved 1 June 2023.
  60. ^ "Upper Wensleydale Railway". Retrieved 18 April 2021.
  61. ^ Sedgwick, Phillip (28 February 2020). "Group aims to reopen Hawes to Garside [sic] railway". Darlington & Stockton Times. No. 9–2020. p. 7. ISSN 2516-5348.
  62. ^ Newton, Grace (30 June 2020). "Government announce Yorkshire rail schemes that could receive 'reverse Beeching' funding". The Yorkshire Post. Retrieved 1 July 2020.
  63. ^ Jones, Ben (April 2019). "New hope for Hertford East branch signal boxes". The Railway Magazine. Vol. 165, no. 1, 417. Horncastle: Mortons Media. p. 90. ISSN 0033-8923.
  64. ^ "WENSLEYDALE RAILWAY ASSOCIATION (TRUST) LIMITED, registered charity no. 1088324". Charity Commission for England and Wales.
  65. ^ "Rhapsody in green". The Northern Echo. 7 August 2012. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
  66. ^ "Our J72 is set to Steam Again – An Appeal, can you help?". nelpg.org.uk. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
  67. ^ Brodrick, Nick, ed. (January 2021). "92219 to Tebay in Wensleydale clear-out". Steam Railway. No. 514. Peterborough: Bauer Media. p. 22. ISSN 0143-7232.
  68. ^ Chapman, Hannah, ed. (14 June 2019). "Comment & Opinion". Darlington & Stockton Times. No. 24–2019. p. 21. ISSN 2516-5348.
  69. ^ "Heritage Diesel Locomotive Hire". Pioneer Diesels. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
  70. ^ a b "Industrial Weekend". Wensleydale Railway. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
  71. ^ "Yorkshire railway purchases Class 47 locomotive". RailAdvent. Retrieved 9 November 2024.
  72. ^ Bickerdyke, Paul, ed. (February 2021). "Wensleydale departures". Rail Express. No. 297. Horncastle: Mortons Media. p. 40. ISSN 1362-234X.
  73. ^ Nicholson, Peter (June 2020). "Wensleydale adds a Brush Type 2 to fleet". Railway Magazine. Vol. 166, no. 1, 431. Horncastle: Morton's Media. p. 70. ISSN 0033-8923.
  74. ^ Dunn, Pip (August 2020). "What's happening to...". Railways Illustrated. Vol. 18, no. 8. Stamford: Key Publishing. p. 25. ISSN 1479-2230.
  75. ^ Clough, David (16 December 2020). "Class 37s at 60: the great survivors". Rail Magazine. No. 920. Peterborough: Bauer Media. p. 57. ISSN 0953-4563.
  76. ^ a b Russell, David (April 2020). "Wensleydale takes delivery of Class 60s". Rail Express. No. 287. Horncastle: Morton's Media. p. 76. ISSN 1362-234X.
  77. ^ Russell, David (May 2021). "Wensleydale fleet reduced". Rail Express. No. 300. Horncastle: Morton's Media. p. 37. ISSN 1362-234X.
  78. ^ admind9523 (30 June 2022). "Bedale Bubble". Wensleydale Railway. Retrieved 20 June 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  79. ^ a b c d e Russell, David (March 2021). "'Skipper' for Wensleydale...and a '143'". Rail Express. No. 298. Horncastle: Mortons Media. p. 39. ISSN 1362-234X.
  80. ^ a b c Nicholson, Peter (July 2020). "Two more 'Pacers' at Wensleydale". The Railway Magazine. Vol. 166, no. 1, 432. Horncastle: Mortons Media. p. 70. ISSN 0033-8923.
  81. ^ a b Clinnick, Richard (21 October 2020). "Porterbrook Pacers heading home". Rail Magazine. No. 916. Peterborough: Bauer Media. p. 27. ISSN 0953-4563.
  82. ^ Green-Hughes, Evan (February 2021). "Multiple Unit Notes". Railways Illustrated. Horncastle: Mortons Media. p. 24. ISSN 1479-2230.
  83. ^ Kelman, Leanne (2020). Railway Track Diagrams; Book 2 – Eastern. Frome: Trackmaps. 20D. ISBN 978-1-9996271-3-3.
  84. ^ Herbert, R. G. W. (April 1867). "North Eastern Railway (report 15 February 1867)" (PDF). railwaysarchive.co.uk. Railway Department. p. 23. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
  85. ^ "Railway collision at Bedale". The York Herald. No. 13, 594. Column G. 29 December 1894. p. 11.
  86. ^ "The Bedale railway accident". The Northern Echo. No. 9, 597. Column G. 10 December 1900. p. 3.
  87. ^ Jenkins, Stanley C. (2002). The Wensleydale branch : a new history (2 ed.). Usk: Oakwood. p. 99. ISBN 0-85361-587-X.
  88. ^ Eaton, Tony (2003). Memories of the Wensleydale Railway. Northallerton: Recall Publications. p. 116. ISBN 0953633136.
  89. ^ "Passenger train collision with car on user worked crossing, Wensleydale Railway, 1 August 2011" (PDF). railwaysarchive.co.uk. Rail Accident Investigation Branch. October 2011. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
  90. ^ Flanagan, Emily (22 October 2012). "Tragedy narrowly avoided in North Yorks railway crossing crash". The Northern Echo. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
  91. ^ Barnard, Ashley (31 January 2013). "Train hits car on Wensleydale Railway at level crossing on A684 at Aiskew". The Northern Echo. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
  92. ^ "Collision at Yafforth level crossing, 3 August 2016" (PDF). railwaysarchive.co.uk. Rail Accident Investigation Branch. November 2016. p. 1. Retrieved 18 February 2021.

Sources

  • Bairstow, Martin (1994). The Leeds, Settle & Carlisle railway : the midland route to Scotland. Halifax: M. Bairstow. ISBN 1-871944-09-0.
  • Blakemore, Michael (2005). Railways of the Yorkshire Dales. Ilkley: Great Northern Books. ISBN 1-905080-03-4.
  • Burgess, Neil (2011). The Lost Railway's of Yorkshire's North Riding. Catrine: Stenlake. ISBN 9781840335552.
  • Butt, R. V. J. (1995). The Directory of Railway Stations. Yeovil: Patrick Stephens Ltd. ISBN 1-85260-508-1.
  • Goode, C. T. (1980). The Wensleydale branch. Trowbridge: Oakwood Press. ISBN 0-85361-265-X.
  • Hallas, Christine (1986). "The Social and Economic Impact of a Rural Railway: The Wensleydale Line". The Agricultural History Review. 34 (1). Oxford: British Agricultural History Society: 29–44. ISSN 0002-1490. JSTOR 40274435.
  • Hallas, Christine (2002). The Wensleydale Railway. The Amadeus Press Limited. ISBN 0-9539740-7-3.
  • Hoole, K. (1974). A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain: Volume IV The North East. David & Charles. ISBN 0715364391.
  • Hoole, K. (1985). Railways in the Yorkshire Dales : a pictorial history. Clapham: Dalesman. ISBN 0-85206-826-3.
  • Jenkins, Stanley C. (1993). The Wensleydale Branch. Alpha Print (Oxon) Ltd. ISBN 0-85361-437-7.
  • Joy, David (2005). Guide to the Wensleydale Railway. Ilkley: Northern Books. ISBN 1-905080-02-6.
  • Pickering, Graeme (July 2019). "The Wensleydale Railway". The Railway Magazine. Vol. 165, no. 1420. Horncastle: Mortons Media. ISSN 0033-8923.
  • Redhead, Brian (November 1978). "Dalesrail Excursion". The Railway Magazine. Vol. 124, no. 931. London: IPC Transport Press. ISSN 0033-8923.
  • Shannon, Paul (2019). British railway infrastructure since 1970: an historical overview. Barnsley, South Yorkshire: Pen & Sword. ISBN 978-1-52673-479-2.
  • Stephen, Paul (4 November 2020). "Railway Manoeuvres". Rail Magazine. No. 917. Peterborough: Bauer Media. ISSN 0953-4563.
  • Suggitt, Gordon (2007). Lost railways of North and East Yorkshire. Newbury: Countryside Books. ISBN 978-1-85306-918-5.
  • Tomlinson, William Weaver (1915). The North Eastern Railway: Its rise and development. Andrew Reid and Company. OCLC 504251788.
  • Young, Alan (2015). Lost Stations of Yorkshire; the North and East Ridings. Kettering: Silver Link. ISBN 978-1-85794-453-2.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Wensleydale Railway.

54°20′25″N 1°26′50″W / 54.3404°N 1.4473°W / 54.3404; -1.4473

Read other articles:

Henry Wilson

Artikel ini tidak memiliki referensi atau sumber tepercaya sehingga isinya tidak bisa dipastikan. Tolong bantu perbaiki artikel ini dengan menambahkan referensi yang layak. Tulisan tanpa sumber dapat dipertanyakan dan dihapus sewaktu-waktu.Cari sumber: Henry Wilson – berita · surat kabar · buku · cendekiawan · JSTOR Henry Wilson Untuk kegunaan lain, lihat Henry Wilson. Henry Wilson (16 Februari 1812 – 22 November 1875) adalah Wakil Pres...

 

Bobo-Usmon Baturov

Bobo-Usmon BaturovBaturov pada 2020StatistikKebangsaanUzbekistanLahir16 November 1994 (umur 29)Jizzakh, UzbekistanCatatan tinjuTotal perkelahian36Menang26Menang oleh KO0Kalah10Imbang0Tanpa kontes0 Rekam medali Tinju amatir putra Mewakili  Uzbekistan Kejuaraan Dunia 2019 Yekaterinburg Kelas welter Pesta Olahraga Asia 2018 Jakarta-Palembang Kelas welter Kejuaraan Asia 2019 Bangkok Kelas welter 2021 Dubai Kelas welter Bobo-Usmon Shamsutdin ugli Baturov (lahir 16 November 1994) adalah s...

 

Penitent Magdalene (Ribera)

Painting by Jusepe de Ribera Penitent Magdalene is a 1618-1623 oil on canvas painting by Jusepe de Ribera, now in the Museo nazionale di Capodimonte in Naples. Its commissioner is unknown, but it was in Angelo Costa's collection in Genoa until 1961 before shifting to the Colnaghi stores in London, where it stayed until 1972, when it was sold to a private collector in Florence, from whom it passed to its present owner.[1] References ^ (in Italian) N. Spinosa, Ribera. L'opera completa, ...

Mikoyan

Russian Aircraft Corporation MiGJenisDivisiIndustriProdusen kedirgantaraan dan pertahananDidirikanDesember 1939 (sebagai OKB-155)KantorpusatMoskwa, RusiaTokohkunciArtem Mikoyan dan Mikhail Gurevich, pendiriProdukPesawat militerPesawat sipilPesawat nirawakPendapatanUS$1,37 miliar (2017)[1]Karyawan10.090 (2013)IndukUnited Aircraft CorporationSitus webSitus web resmi MiG-15 MiG-21 MiG-23 MiG-25 MiG-29 MiG-29OVT MiG-35 Perusahaan Pesawat Rusia MiG (bahasa Rusia: Российская са�...

 

KXSS-FM

Radio station in Amarillo, Texas KXSS-FMAmarillo, TexasBroadcast areaAmarillo, TexasFrequency96.9 MHzBranding96.9 KISS FMProgrammingFormatTop 40 (CHR)AffiliationsCompass Media NetworksPremiere NetworksOwnershipOwnerTownsquare Media(Townsquare License, LLC)Sister stationsKATP, KIXZ, KMXJ-FM, KPRFHistoryFirst air date1972 (as KMML)Former call signsKMML-FM (1972–2008)[1]Call sign meaningK(X)iSSTechnical informationFacility ID9306ClassC1ERP100,000 wattsHAAT187 metersTransmitter coordina...

 

Hell's Rain

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada November 2022. Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Mei 2009. Anna's Sto...

Udon kiri

Japanese knife for cutting noodles udon kiri The udon kiri (うどん切), soba kiri (そば切 or 蕎麦切り包丁), and kashi kiri are a group of specialized knives used in the Japanese kitchen to make udon and soba noodles respectively. The udon kiri is also sometimes called menkiri bocho (麺切り包丁), and is distinguished from the Soba and Kashi kiri knives by a blade that drops in to cover less than half of the length of the handle rather that reaching the end of the handle like t...

 

Juge en chef des États-Unis

Juge en chef des États-Unis Sceau de la Cour suprême des États-Unis. Titulaire actuelJohn Robertsdepuis le 29 septembre 2005(18 ans, 6 mois et 18 jours) Création 19 octobre 1789 Premier titulaire John Jay Rémunération 267 000 $ par an Site internet www.supremecourt.gov modifier  Le juge en chef des États-Unis (en anglais : Chief Justice of the United States) est le plus haut magistrat du système judiciaire fédéral américain et le président de la Cour supr...

 

Hideki Tojo

Sōri DaijinHideki Tōjō東條 英機 Perdana Menteri Jepang ke-40Masa jabatan17 Oktober 1941 – 22 Juli 1944Penguasa monarkiShōwaPendahuluFumimaro KonoePenggantiKuniaki KoisoMenteri PerangMasa jabatan22 Juli 1940 – 22 Juli 1944Penguasa monarkiShōwaPerdana MenteriFumimaro Konoe (1940–1941)Himself (1941–1944)PendahuluShunroku HataPenggantiHajime SugiyamaKepala Kantor Staf Umum Angkatan Darat Kekaisaran JepangMasa jabatan21 Februari 1944 – 18 July 1944...

كأس إسكتلندا 1990–91

يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطوير هذه المقالة من خلال إضافة مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (نوفمبر 2019) كأس إسكتلندا 1990–91 تفاصيل الموسم كأس إسكتلندا  البلد المملكة المتحدة  التاريخ بداية:1990  البطل ناد...

 

Touhou Project

Touhou ProjectGenrePermainan video tembak-menembak, PertarunganPengembangTeam Shanghai Alice (sebelumnya ZUN Soft)PenerbitTeam Shanghai Alice (sebelumnya Amusement Makers)PembuatZUN, Twilight FrontierPlatformNEC PC-9801, WindowsAsal platformNEC PC-9801Rilis pertamaHighly Responsive to Prayers1996Rilis terakhir100th Black Market2022Situs webWebsite pengembang Touhou Project (東方Projectcode: ja is deprecated , Tōhō Purojekuto, harfiah: Proyek Ketimuran) juga dikenal sebagai Toho Project at...

 

Kue pon

Untuk kegunaan lain, lihat Pound Cake (disambiguasi). Kue ponKue pon yang telah dipanggang dalam loyang roti.Bahan utamaTepung, mentega, gula, dan telurVariasiPenambahan perasa atau buah-buahan keringSunting kotak info • L • BBantuan penggunaan templat ini  Media: Kue pon Kue pon adalah jenis kue yang secara tradisional dibuat dengan pon dari masing-masing empat bahan: tepung, mentega, telur, dan gula. Kue pon umumnya dipanggang dalam loyang roti atau cetakan Bundt. Kad...

William M. Tuck

American politician William M. TuckMember of the U.S. House of Representativesfrom Virginia's 5th districtIn officeApril 14, 1953 – January 3, 1969Preceded byThomas B. StanleySucceeded byDan Daniel55th Governor of VirginiaIn officeJanuary 16, 1946 – January 18, 1950LieutenantLewis Preston Collins IIPreceded byColgate DardenSucceeded byJohn S. Battle25th Lieutenant Governor of VirginiaIn officeJanuary 21, 1942 – January 16, 1946GovernorColga...

 

2016年美國總統選舉

2016年美國總統選舉 ← 2012 2016年11月8日 2020 → 538個選舉人團席位獲勝需270票民意調查投票率55.7%[1][2] ▲ 0.8 %   获提名人 唐納·川普 希拉莉·克林頓 政党 共和黨 民主党 家鄉州 紐約州 紐約州 竞选搭档 迈克·彭斯 蒂姆·凱恩 选举人票 304[3][4][註 1] 227[5] 胜出州/省 30 + 緬-2 20 + DC 民選得票 62,984,828[6] 65,853,514[6]...

 

哈萨克斯坦总统

此条目序言章节没有充分总结全文内容要点。 (2019年3月21日)请考虑扩充序言，清晰概述条目所有重點。请在条目的讨论页讨论此问题。 哈萨克斯坦總統哈薩克總統旗現任Қасым-Жомарт Кемелұлы Тоқаев卡瑟姆若马尔特·托卡耶夫自2019年3月20日在任任期7年首任努尔苏丹·纳扎尔巴耶夫设立1990年4月24日（哈薩克蘇維埃社會主義共和國總統） 哈萨克斯坦 哈萨克斯坦政府...

قائمة أهداف لويس سواريز الدولية

سواريز مع الأوروغواي في كأس العالم 2018. لويس سواريز هو الهداف التاريخي لمنتخب الأوروغواي لكرة القدم برصيد 55 هدف من 104 مباراة لعبها منذ بدايته في عام 2007.[1] في كأس القارات 2013 سجل هدفين بعد دخوله كبديل في مباراة الفوز 8-0 على تاهيتي، ليصل إلى 35 هدف متجاوزاً الرقم القياسي الذي �...

 

Utilization factor

Ratio of the time that a piece of equipment is in use to the total time that it could be in use This article does not cite any sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Utilization factor – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (July 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Utilization factor (solid line) with blade-to-gas speed ratio ...

 

臺灣關係法

  提示：此条目页的主题不是俄台關係法。 《臺灣關係法》全名本法乃為協助維持西太平洋之和平、安全與穩定，並授權美国人民与台湾人民继续保持商业、文化和其他关系，以促進美國外交政策，並為其他目的。缩写（通俗）TRA立法机构第96屆美国国会生效日期1979年1月1日引用文献公法美國聯邦公法第96–8號法律汇编93 Stat. 14法典编纂修订法编美國法典第22卷...

Fistball

FistballFaustball Fédération internationale International Fistball Association Autre(s) instance(s) Coupe du monde (1969)Championnats d'Europe (1965)Championnats d'Allemagne (1921) Pratiquants plein air (5 contre 5) en salle (5 contre 5) Champion(ne)(s) du monde en titre Allemagne Allemagne modifier  Le fistball (faustball en allemand) est un sport d'origine européenne. Cela ressemble au volleyball en ce sens que des joueurs de deux équipes tentent de frapper la balle par-dessus le ...

 

Munisipalitas Gorje

Munisipalitas Gorje Občina GorjeMunisipalitasLokasi di SloveniaNegara SloveniaLuas • Total116 km2 (45 sq mi)Populasi (2013) • Total2.874 • Kepadatan25/km2 (64/sq mi)Kode ISO 3166-2SI-207Situs webhttp://www.gorje.si/ Munisipalitas Gorje adalah salah satu dari 212 munisipalitas di Slovenia. Kode ISO 3166-2 munisipalitas ini adalah SI-207. Menurut sensus 2013, jumlah penduduk munisipalitas yang luasnya 116 kilometer persegi ini a...