The water polo competition at the 2009 Mediterranean Games took place between June 30 and July 5, 2009 and was contested by 9 teams. The event was in Pescara, Italy and open to men only.
The 9 teams were divided into two groups of four and five teams. Teams were awarded three points for a win, one point for a draw. No points were awarded for a defeat. The first and the second in each group advanced to the semi-finals.