Consonantal sound
Voiced bilabial affricate
The voiced bilabial affricate ([b͡β] in IPA ) is a rare affricate consonant that is initiated as a bilabial stop [b] and released as a voiced bilabial fricative [β] . It has not been reported to occur phonemically in any language.
Features
Features of the voiced bilabial affricate:
Its manner of articulation is affricate , which means it is produced by first stopping the airflow entirely, then allowing air flow through a constricted channel at the place of articulation, causing turbulence.
Its place of articulation is bilabial , which means it is articulated with both lips .
Its phonation is voiced, which means the vocal cords vibrate during the articulation.
It is an oral consonant , which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
It is a central consonant , which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.
Its airstream mechanism is pulmonic , which means it is articulated by pushing air solely with the intercostal muscles and abdominal muscles , as in most sounds.
Occurrence
Notes
References
Cruttenden, Alan (2014), Gimson's Pronunciation of English (8th ed.), Routledge, ISBN 9781444183092
Valenzuela, Pilar M.; Márquez Pinedo, Luis; Maddieson, Ian (2001), "Shipibo" , Journal of the International Phonetic Association , 31 (2): 281–285, doi :10.1017/S0025100301002109
Wells, John C. (1982). Accents of English 2: The British Isles . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-24224-X .
External links
IPA topics
IPA Special topics Encodings