Via Sacra

Via Sacra
Via Sacra passing through the Forum, with the Basilica Julia on the right
Via Sacra Shown within Augustan Rome
Click on the map for a fullscreen view
Location	Rome, Italy
Coordinates	41°53′N 12°29′E / 41.89°N 12.49°E / 41.89; 12.49

The Via Sacra (Latin: Sacra Via, "Sacred Street") was the main street of ancient Rome, leading from the top of the Capitoline Hill, through some of the most important religious sites of the Forum (where it is the widest street), to the Colosseum.

The road was part of the traditional route of the Roman Triumph that began on the outskirts of the city and proceeded through the Roman Forum. Later it was paved. During the reign of Nero, it was lined with colonnades.

The road provided the setting for many deeds and misdeeds of Rome's history, the solemn religious festivals, the magnificent triumphs of victorious generals, and the daily throng assembling in the Basilicas to chat, throw dice, engage in business, or secure justice. Many prostitutes lined the street as well, looking for potential customers. From the reign of Augustus, the Via Sacra played a role in the Apotheosis ceremony by which deceased Roman Emperors were formally deified. The body of the Emperor, concealed under a wax death mask, was carried on a pall from the Palatine hill down the Via Sacra into the Forum, where funeral orations were held before the procession of Knights and Senators resumed its course to the Campus Martius.^[1]

Course

While the western stretch of the Via Sacra which runs through the Forum follows the original ancient route of the road, the eastern stretch between the end of the forum and the Colosseum, which passes underneath the Arch of Titus, is a redirection of the road built after the Great Fire of Rome in AD 64.^[2] In the Republic and Early Empire, the route forked to the north near the House of the Vestals and passed through a saddle in the Velian Hill, now occupied largely by the Basilica of Maxentius and the modern Via dei Fori Imperiali. As part of his rebuilding program following the fire, Nero essentially straightened the road by redirecting it between the Velian and Palatine Hills, creating grand colonnades on either side for shop stalls and commerce.^[3] At the east side was built under Hadrian and Antoninus Pius the temple of Venus and Roma.

Sources

Filippo Coarelli (2014). Rome and Environs. University of California Press. pp. 81–82.
L. Richardson, jr (October 1992). A New Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome: Sacra Via. JHU Press. ISBN 9780801843006.

References

^ Harry Thurston Peck. Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities. perseus.tufts.edu. Retrieved 2018-01-17.
^ Coarelli. Rome and Environs. p. 82.
^ Coarelli. Rome and Environs. p. 82.

External links

Lucentini, M. (31 December 2012). The Rome Guide: Step by Step through History's Greatest City. Interlink. ISBN 9781623710088.

Media related to Via Sacra at Wikimedia Commons

v t e Roman Forum
Temples	Temple of Antoninus and Faustina Temple of Divus Augustus Temple of Concord Temple of Castor and Pollux (Lacus Juturnae) Temple of Caesar Temple of Janus Temple of Jupiter Stator (8th century BC) Temple of Romulus Temple of Saturn (Altar of Saturn) Shrine of Venus Cloacina Temple of Venus and Roma Temple of Vespasian and Titus Temple of Vesta (House of the Vestals) Portico Dii Consentes
Basilicas	Basilica Aemilia (Basilica Fulvia) Basilica Julia (Basilica Sempronia) Basilica of Maxentius (Colossus of Constantine) Basilica Opimia Basilica Porcia
Arches	Arch of Augustus Arch of Tiberius Arch of Titus Arch of Septimius Severus Arch of Constantine
Columns	Columna Maenia Column of Phocas Five-Columns Monument
Streets	Milliarium Aureum Clivus Capitolinus Via Sacra Vicus Jugarius Vicus Tuscus
Other	Cloaca Maxima Comitium (Ficus Ruminalis Curia Curia Cornelia Curia Hostilia Curia Julia Gemonian stairs Graecostasis Lacus Curtius Lapis Niger Mamertine Prison Plutei of Trajan Puteal Scribonianum Regia Rostra Tabularium Umbilicus urbis Romae Velian Hill Vulcanal
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Preceded by Via dei Fori Imperiali	Landmarks of Rome Via Sacra	Succeeded by Via Veneto

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Sewers	Cloaca Maxima Cloaca Circi Maximi
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Religious	Ara Pacis Temple of Antoninus and Faustina Temple of Apollo Palatinus Temple of Apollo Sosianus Temple of Hadrian Temple of Hercules Victor Temple of Janus Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus Temple of Jupiter Tonans Temple of Minerva Medica Temple of Portunus Temple of Saturn Temple of Vesta House of the Vestals Largo di Torre Argentina Lupercal Pantheon Porta Maggiore Basilica
Fora	Roman Forum Imperial fora Forum of Augustus Forum of Caesar Forum of Nerva Forum of Vespasian Trajan's Forum Forum Boarium Forum Holitorium
Civic	Basilica Argentaria Basilica Julia Basilica of Junius Bassus Basilica of Maxentius Basilica of Neptune Basilica Ulpia Comitium Curia Julia Portico Dii Consentes Porticus Octaviae Tabularium
Entertainment	Circus Maximus Circus of Maxentius Circus of Nero Colosseum Ludus Magnus Gardens of Maecenas Gardens of Sallust Stadium of Domitian Theatre of Marcellus Theatre of Pompey
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