USS Shepherd Knapp

History
Union Navy Jack United States
Acquired28 August 1861 at New York City
In service1861
FateWrecked 18 May 1863
General characteristics
Displacement838 tons
Length160 ft 10 in (49.02 m)
Beam33 ft 8 in (10.26 m)
Draft13 ft (4.0 m) (Light)
Depth of hold22 ft 3 in (6.78 m)
Propulsionsail
Complement93
Armamenteight guns

USS Shepherd Knapp was a large (838-ton) ship with eight guns, purchased by the Union Navy during the beginning of the American Civil War.

With her eight guns and a crew of 93, she was employed by the Union Navy as a heavy gunboat outfitted to pursue major Confederate States of America blockade runners, especially Confederate Captain Raphael Semmes. Her limited ability as a sailing ship in pursuit of steam-powered adversaries was eventually recognised and a different strategy adopted: she became a decoy, disguised as an unarmed merchant ship sailing in areas where Confederate raiders were known to operate.[1]

During the course of her fruitless searches for Semmes, she ran aground on a reef near Haiti and was abandoned.

Service history

Shepherd Knapp—a ship-rigged sailing vessel—was purchased at New York City on 28 August 1861 from Laurence Giles & Co.

Since the logs of Shepherd Knapp are missing, many details of her career are not known. However, records of correspondence between Naval Command and her captain were published in Official Records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion. Her commanding officer was Acting Volunteer Lieutenant Henry S. Eytinge, who was ordered on 1 November 1861 to cruise in the West Indies seeking to capture or destroy any "vessels of the rebels" he might encounter.[2] The special object of his attention was the Confederate commerce raider, CSS Sumter, which had been preying on Union shipping since early summer. After a long cruise in which she never quite caught up with Capt. Raphael Semmes and his elusive steamer, Shepherd Knapp returned to New York City on 17 April 1862. One month later she was ordered to the blockade squadron at Charleston, where she remained for the next six months,[3] four of which were guarding St Helena Sound, where she captured the blockade runner Fanny Laurie (4 September 1862).[4]

In November, Shepherd Knapp was back in New York and by early February 1863 she was heading to the West Indies seeking Confederate ships, especially CSS Alabama. As a sailing ship it was unlikely that Shepherd Knapp could overhaul a steam-powered raider such as CSS Alabama, powered by two 300 hp engines. However, a letter from Charles Wilkes, acting rear admiral of the West Indies Squadron, to the Secretary of the Navy Gideon Welles dated 26 February 1863, shows that their plan was for the USS Shepherd Knapp to disguise as a merchantman and act as decoy. By following a trade route they hoped to draw in a raider so that they could engage at close quarters.[5]

After cruising in the Caribbean for over three and one-half months, Shepherd Knapp struck a coral reef off Cap-Haïtien on 18 May 1863 and was abandoned. All equipment, including her guns, was salvaged.[6]

References

  1. ^ Wilkes, Charles (1895). Official Records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion by United States Naval War Records Office (Series 1 Volume 2 ed.). Government Printing Office. p. 142/143. Retrieved 24 January 2015.
  2. ^ Compiled by officials of the Naval war records office (1896). Official records of the Union and Confederate navies in the war of the rebellion (Series 1 Volume 3 ed.). Government Printing Office. p. 222. Retrieved 13 January 2015.
  3. ^ Official records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion (Series 1 Volume 13 ed.). Government Printing Office. 1901. p. 905, index to 27 entries. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
  4. ^ Official dispatches and letters of Rear Admiral Du Pont, U. S. Navy. 1846-48. 1861-63. Wilmington: Ferris Bros. 1883. p. 307. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
  5. ^ Official records of the Union and Confederate navies in the war of the rebellion (Series 1 Volume 2 ed.). Government Printing Office. 1895. p. 104. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
  6. ^ Official Records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion by United States Naval War Records Office (Series 1 Volume 2 ed.). Washington: Government Printing Office. 1895. p. 197. Retrieved 14 January 2015.

Public Domain This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. The entry can be found here.