The gully's name comes from the 110,000-volt transmission line that formerly ran through it. The line, built in 1924, linked Wellington to the Mangahao hydroelectric station near Shannon, and later to the wider North Island transmission grid.
Despite lying mostly within the boundaries of Porirua City, Transmission Gully is sparsely populated, and most of the land is farmland, forest, or scrub. There are some areas with lifestyle blocks, particularly near Pāuatahanui, and Transmission Gully is also home to Battle Hill Farm Forest Park.
The 1879 proposal for a Haywards–Plimmerton Line railway route north from Wellington envisaged using these valleys; the line was never built.[citation needed]
Apart from the motorway, the only other road access through Transmission Gully is the narrow and winding Paekākāriki Hill Road. Beginning at Paekākāriki, it travels up and over the western ridge of Transmission Gully, and then gradually descends the western bank along most of the length of the gully to Pāuatahanui.