Timpanogos Glacier

Timpanogos Glacier
Emerald Lake below the glacier (the bulge in the talus is where the glacier is buried), August 2007
Map showing the location of Timpanogos Glacier
Map showing the location of Timpanogos Glacier
Timpanogos Glacier
Location within Utah
TypeRock glacier
LocationUtah County, Utah
United States
Coordinates40°23′23.53″N 111°38′25.00″W / 40.3898694°N 111.6402778°W / 40.3898694; -111.6402778[1]
Thickness>100 ft (30 m)
Terminusproglacial lake
StatusUnknown

Timpanogos Glacier is a rock glacier located on Mount Timpanogos in the Wasatch Range within the Mount Timpanogos Wilderness (in the Uinta-Wasatch-Cache National Forest) in northeastern Utah County, Utah, United States.[1][2]

Description

Emerald Lake and the Timpanogos Glacier from the summit of Mount Timpanogos, September 2014

The glacier is situated in a north-facing cirque on the east slope of Mount Timpanogos (11,749 feet or 3,581 metres).[3] The best evidence indicates that the Timpanogos Glacier was once a "true" glacier with crevasses present in the early 20th century, but that the surface portion was lost during the Dust Bowl drought of the 1930s and reduced to a permanent snowfield.

The glacier is considered to be a rock glacier, since the remaining ice is buried in the talus. However, in 1994 the rocks parted, revealing a crevasse or meltwater channel in the buried ice. One witness described it as being "40 feet [12 m] thick at least."[4] Another crevasse reportedly[citation needed] opened up in the late 1990s or early 2000s. One witness[who?] threw a stone in and from the fall time calculated that it was over 100 feet (30 m) deep. Around this time Brigham Young University dug three to five feet (0.91–1.52 m) down to the ice and attempted to obtain a core sample and study the ice crystal morphology. The core sample was reportedly contaminated and crystal morphology study was unsuccessful.[4]

Today, the rock glacier consists of three flow lobes. The main one may be inactive, the uppermost one is probably active, and the one in-between is probably extinct. On September 3, 2016, an amateur geologist found a meltwater pit in the uppermost flow lobe full of opaque glacial runoff and a small amount of exposed glacial ice. He dug through the rocks in the slope of the pit and found blue ice about three feet (0.91 m) down. The ice contained bubbles and was therefore probably glacial in origin.[4]

Over the years, the glacier has been the site of multiple injuries and several fatalities.[5]

Emerald Lake is a small proglacial lake which lies at the terminal moraine left behind by the now mostly vanished Timpanogos Glacier. The occasional blue color of Emerald Lake is an indicator of the buried glacial ice. Since this color did not appear in 2016 despite low water levels, the main flow lobe of the glacier which touches the lake may now be inactive.[4]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Timpanogos Glacier
  2. ^ "Where are glaciers found in continental North America". usgs.gov. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved December 22, 2019.
  3. ^ "Aspen Grove, UT" (Map). topoquest.com. TopoQwest (United States Geological Survey Maps). Retrieved December 2, 2015.
  4. ^ a b c d Scott. "100 Years on the Timpanogos Glacier". summitpost.org. Retrieved December 22, 2019.
  5. ^ Rayburn, Jim (July 25, 1997). "Snowfields in mountains look deceptively peaceful". Deseret News. Salt Lake City: Deseret Digital Media.

Media related to Timpanogos Glacier at Wikimedia Commons

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