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Thomas Olney
Thomas Olney
Born	ca. 1600; St. Albans, England
Died	ca. 1682; Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations
Occupation	shoemaker
Known for	early proprietor in Providence Plantations

Thomas Olney (ca. 1600– ca. 1682) was an early minister at the First Baptist Church in America and one of the first proprietors in Providence Plantations.

Family

Olney was born in St. Albans, England about 1600 and was trained as a shoemaker.^[1] He married Marie Ashton, the daughter of James and Alice Ashton, at St. Albans Abbey in Hertfordshire, England on September 16, 1629,^[2] and they had the following children: Thomas, Epenetus, Nabadiah, James, Mary, Discovered, and Lydia. His first 2 sons were baptized in St. Albans, England and the remainder were born in America.^[3] Austin's "The Genealogical Dictionary of Rhode Island" 1887, he refers to Thomas' wife as Mary Small. It is undetermined if he picked up an incorrect surname for his first wife, or if this was a second wife.^[4] No record for this marriage has been located at this point.

Olney's will was dated March 21, 1679/80 and proved October 17, 1682 in Providence, Rhode Island.^[5]

Immigration to New England

Olney and his family immigrated to Salem, Massachusetts on the ship Planter April 1635.^[6] They were asked to leave Massachusetts Bay Colony due to religious differences, and they moved to Providence in 1638 following Roger Williams. He signed the Providence agreement to form a government in 1640, and he was one of the original 12 persons to whom Roger Williams deeded land that he had purchased from Canonicus and Miantonomi on October 8, 1638. His wife Marie died between 1645 when her last child was born and 15 Aug 1659, when her husband Thomas refers to persons who might claim thirds in a piece of land he was selling.^[7]

Political career

Olney served the town in various capacities including the first Treasurer, Court Assistant, Town Councilman, Clerk, Assistant to the General Court of Trials, Commissioner, Justice of the Peace, Town Moderator, Fence Viewer, juryman, tax collector and Commissioner to End Small Causes. He was on a sub-committee to prevent sale of ammunition to the Indians and numerous other committee's. He was named as one of the ten Assistants to the Governor in the Royal Charter of 1663, a document which served as the basis for Rhode Island's government for nearly two centuries.

First Baptist Church

Olney was one of the original members of the First Baptist Church in Providence, but he and several others withdrew from the Six-Principle Baptists under William Wickenden's leadership to found a second church in 1653/4. He served as lay pastor for this small congregation until his death in Providence between June 16 and October 9, 1682.^[8]

References

^ Robert Charles Anderson, "The Great Migration Begins Immigrants to New England, 1620-1635", Ancestry.com. New England, The Great Migration and The Great Migration Begins, 1620-1635 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2013. Original data: Anderson, Robert Charles. The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England, 1620-1633, Volumes 1-3; The Great Migration: Immigrants to New England, 1634-1635, Volumes 1-6. Boston: New England Historical and Genealogical Society, 1996-2011, pg. 302-308
^ Thomas Olney in the England, Select Marriages, 1538-1973, Ancestry.com. England, Select Marriages, 1538-1973 [database on-line]. Lehi, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2014. Original data: England, Marriages, 1538–1973. Salt Lake City, Utah: FamilySearch, 2013.
^ Robert Charles Anderson, "The Great Migration Begins Immigrants to New England, 1620-1635", Ancestry.com. New England, The Great Migration and The Great Migration Begins, 1620-1635 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2013. Original data: Anderson, Robert Charles. The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England, 1620-1633, Volumes 1-3; The Great Migration: Immigrants to New England, 1634-1635, Volumes 1-6. Boston: New England Historical and Genealogical Society, 1996-2011, pg. 302-308
^ John Osborne Austin, "The genealogical dictionary of Rhode Island : comprising three generations of settlers who came before 1690 : with many families carried to the fourth generation", J. Munsell's sons, Albany, New York, 1887, [1]
^ Robert Charles Anderson, "The Great Migration Begins Immigrants to New England, 1620-1635", Ancestry.com. New England, The Great Migration and The Great Migration Begins, 1620-1635 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2013. Original data: Anderson, Robert Charles. The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England, 1620-1633, Volumes 1-3; The Great Migration: Immigrants to New England, 1634-1635, Volumes 1-6. Boston: New England Historical and Genealogical Society, 1996-2011, pg. 302-308
^ Robert Charles Anderson, "The Great Migration Begins Immigrants to New England, 1620-1635", Ancestry.com. New England, The Great Migration and The Great Migration Begins, 1620-1635 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2013. Original data: Anderson, Robert Charles. The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England, 1620-1633, Volumes 1-3; The Great Migration: Immigrants to New England, 1634-1635, Volumes 1-6. Boston: New England Historical and Genealogical Society, 1996-2011, pg. 302-308
^ Robert Charles Anderson, "The Great Migration Begins Immigrants to New England, 1620-1635", Ancestry.com. New England, The Great Migration and The Great Migration Begins, 1620-1635 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2013. Original data: Anderson, Robert Charles. The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England, 1620-1633, Volumes 1-3; The Great Migration: Immigrants to New England, 1634-1635, Volumes 1-6. Boston: New England Historical and Genealogical Society, 1996-2011, pg. 302-308
^ James H. Olney, A genealogy of the descendants of Thomas Olney: an original proprietor of Providence, R.I., who came from England in 1635 (Press of E.L. Freeman & Son, 1889) [2]