The Orchestra at the Opera

The Orchestra at the Opera

Artist	Edgar Degas
Year	c. 1870
Medium	Oil on canvas
Dimensions	56.5 cm × 46 cm (22.2 in × 18 in)
Location	Musee d'Orsay, Paris

The Orchestra at the Opera (c. 1870) is an oil-on-canvas painting by the French artist Edgar Degas (1834–1917).^[1]

The musicians depicted in the orchestra pit of the Salle Le Peletier the home of the Paris Opera (from 1821 until it burnt down in 1873) are mostly portraits of friends of Degas, foremost among them pictorially the bassoonist and composer Désiré Dihau (1838–1909), who commissioned the painting, at work on his instrument, and the cellist Louis-Marie Pilet (1815–1877) on his string instrument.^[2]

The painting was handed over, without further retouching possible, to its owner (Dihau), who exhibited it in Lille, which made Degas' family, until then doubtful about the art of their "Raphael" : "It is thanks to you that he has finally produced and completed a work, a real painting".^[3]

Blurring the distinction between portraiture and genre pieces, he painted his bassoonist friend, Désiré Dihau, in The Orchestra of the Opera (1868–69) as one of fourteen musicians in an orchestra pit, viewed as though by a member of the audience. Above the musicians can be seen only the legs and tutus of the dancers onstage, their figures cropped by the edge of the painting. Art historian Charles Stuckey has compared the viewpoint to that of a distracted spectator at a ballet, and says that "it is Degas' fascination with the depiction of movement, including the movement of a spectator's eyes as during a random glance, that is properly speaking 'Impressionist'."^[4]

The painting is the first instance in Degas' work where dancers from the ballet appear. He would depict dancers frequently for the rest of his career, and it is for his ballet pictures that he remains best known.^[5]^[6]

References

^ "L'Orchestre de l'Opéra - Edgar Degas | Musée d'Orsay". www.musee-orsay.fr.
^ « Dictionnaire des lauréats » in Constant Pierre, Le Conservatoire national de musique et de déclamation : documents historiques et administratifs, Paris, Imprimerie nationale, 1900 (read online) on Gallica
^ "The Orchestra at the Opera - Edgar Degas". Google Arts & Culture.
^ Guillaud and Guillaud 1985, p. 28
^ "Degas' love of the Paris opera house is brought to the fore in this catalogue". The Art Newspaper - International art news and events. May 6, 2020.
^ Sweet, David A. F. (October 7, 2023). "Works of Manet and Degas Are United in Mesmerizing Exhibit". Classic Chicago Magazine.

v t e Edgar Degas
Paintings	The Bellelli Family (1858–1867) Young Spartans Exercising (1860) The Collector of Prints (1866) Scene from the Steeplechase: The Fallen Jockey (1866) Interior (1868–69) At the Races in the Countryside (1869) The Dancing Class (1870) The Orchestra at the Opera (c. 1870) Ludovic Lepic and His Daughters (1871) A Cotton Office in New Orleans (1873) The Dance Class (1874) The Ballet Class (1874) Ballerina Posing for a Photographer (1875) Place de la Concorde (1875) L'Absinthe (1876) The Dance Lesson (1879) Miss La La at the Cirque Fernando (1879) Portraits at the Stock Exchange (1879) The Millinery Shop (1879–1886) Before the Race (1882–1884) Dancers Onstage (1889)
Pastels	Café-Concert at Les Ambassadeurs (1877) Les Choristes (1877) Singer with a Glove (1878) Waiting (1880–1882) Young Woman in Blue (1884) The Tub (1886) Woman in a Tub (1886) After the Bath, Woman Drying Herself (1890–1895) Blue Dancers (1897) Ukrainian Dancers (1890s series)
Sculptures	Little Dancer of Fourteen Years (1881)
Models	Marie van Goethem
Related	The Impressionists (2006 series) The Line (2009 play) Little Dancer (2014 musical) Degas (crater)

Musée d'Orsay

Building
Gare d'Orsay

Paintings

French	Baader: Remorse Bartholomé: In the Conservatory Bastien-Lepage: Haymaking Bazille: The Family Reunion – The Improvised Field Hospital – The Pink Dress – Bazille's Studio Belly: Pilgrims going to Mecca Bonnard: Woman with a Cat Bonheur: Ploughing in the Nivernais Bouguereau: The Birth of Venus – La Danse – Dante and Virgil – Equality Before Death – Les Oréades Boulanger: Répétition du "Joueur de flûte" et de "La femme de Diomède" chez le prince Napoléon Bracquemond: The Lady in White – Three Women with Parasols Cabanel: The Birth of Venus Caillebotte: Les raboteurs de parquet – Vue de toits (Effet de neige) Cézanne: The Hanged Man's House – The Card Players – Portrait of Gustave Geffroy Chassériau: Arab Chiefs Challenging each other to Single Combat under the Ramparts of a City de Chavannes: The Poor Fisherman – The Turtle Seller Courbet: A Burial at Ornans – L'Origine du monde – The Painter's Studio – Le ruisseau noir – The Wounded Man Couture: The Romans in their Decadence Daubigny: The Harvest Daumier: The Laundress – The Republic Degas: L'Absinthe – The Bellelli Family – Café-Concert at Les Ambassadeurs (1885) – Les Choristes – The Orchestra at the Opera – Portraits at the Stock Exchange – The Tub Dehodencq: Boabdil's Farewell to Granada Delacroix: Arab Horses Fighting in a Stable Denis: Homage to Cézanne Detaille: The Dream Doré: The Enigma Fantin-Latour: Around the Piano – The Corner of the Table – Homage to Delacroix – A Studio at Les Batignolles Gauguin: Arearea – The Beautiful Angel – Breton Peasant Women – The Schuffenecker Family – Self-Portrait in a Hat – Self-Portrait with the Yellow Christ – Tahitian Women on the Beach – Vairumati Gérôme: The Cock Fight – Jerusalem – Reception of the Grand Condé at Versailles Gervex: A Session of the Painting Jury Glaize: The Gallic Women: Episode from the Roman Invasion Ingres: The Source Laurens: The Excommunication of Robert the Pious Lefebvre: The Truth Luce: The Quai Saint-Michel and Notre-Dame Manet: The Balcony – Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets – Blonde Woman with Bare Breasts – Bullfight – Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe – Flowers in a Crystal Vase – The Fifer – Madame Manet at the Piano – Olympia – The Port of Boulogne by Moonlight – Portrait of Clemenceau – Portrait of Emile Zola – Portrait of Marguerite de Conflans ^[1] – Portrait of Monsieur and Madame Manet – Portrait of Stéphane Mallarmé – The Reading – A Sprig of Asparagus – The Waitress Matisse: Luxe, Calme et Volupté Meissonier: French Campaign, 1814 – The Siege of Paris Millet: The Angelus – The Gleaners – Shepherdess with her Flock – The Winnower Monet: The Artist's Garden at Giverny – A Cart on the Snowy Road at Honfleur – Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe – The Magpie – Regatta at Argenteuil – Resting Under a Lilac Bush – The Road in Front of Saint-Simeon Farm in Winter – Women in the Garden Moreau: The Apparition Morisot: The Cradle Motte: The Fiancée of Belus Ottmann: The Luxembourg Station in Brussels Regnault: Summary Execution under the Moorish Kings of Granada Renoir: Bal du moulin de la Galette – The Bathers – Dance in the City – Dance in the Country – Frédéric Bazille at his Easel – Girls at the Piano – Portrait of the Painter Claude Monet – Portrait of William Sisley – The Swing Rousseau: The Snake Charmer Sérusier: The Talisman Seurat: The Circus Sisley: Avenue of Poplars near Moret-sur-Loing – The Canal du Loing – The Canal Saint-Martin – Chemin de la Machine, Louveciennes – The Forge at Marly-le-Roi – Regatta at Molesey near Hampton Court – Resting by a Stream at the Edge of the Wood – Rue de la Chaussée in Argenteuil – View of the Canal Saint-Martin – The Village of Voisins Toulouse-Lautrec: Le Lit – La Toilette
American	Harrison: Solitude Tanner: The Resurrection of Lazarus Whistler: Whistler's Mother
Belgian	van Rysselberghe: Sailboats and Estuary Stevens: The Bath – What is Called Vagrancy
British	Burne-Jones: The Wheel of Fortune
Dutch	Van Gogh: L'Arlésienne – Bedroom in Arles (3rd version) – The Church at Auvers – Starry Night Over the Rhône – Portrait of Dr. Gachet (2nd version) – Doctor Gachet's Garden in Auvers – Imperial Fritillaries in a Copper Vase – Self-portrait
Finnish	Edelfelt: Pasteur's portrait by Edelfelt
Italian	Boldini: Madame Charles Max – Portrait of Robert de Montesquiou
Spanish	Sorolla: The Return from Fishing: Hauling the Boat

Sculptures

French	Barrias: Nature Unveiling Herself Before Science Clésinger: Woman Bitten by a Serpent Claudel: The Mature Age Delaplanche: Virgin with a Lily Jacquemart: Rhinocéros Gauguin: Objet décoratif carré avec dieux tahitiens – Oviri

^[1] On display at the Musée des Augustins in Toulouse

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