When he is caught by the police for robbing a bakery, Smith is sentenced to be confined in Ruxton Towers in Essex, a Borstal (young offenders institution) for delinquent youths. He seeks solace in long-distance running, attracting the notice of the school's authorities for his physical prowess. Smith is offered a light workload for his last six months at Ruxton Towers if he wins an important cross-country competition against a prestigious public school. For Ruxton Towers to win the cross-country race would be a major public relations boost for the Borstal administrators.
However, when the day of the race arrives Smith throws victory away. After speeding ahead of the other runners he deliberately stops a few metres short of the finishing line, though well ahead and easily able to win. He lets the other runners pass him and cross the finishing line, thereby losing the race in a defiant gesture aimed against his Ruxton Towers administrators. In deliberately losing the race, Smith demonstrates his free spirit and independence. The response of the Borstal authorities to Smith's action is heavy-handed, and Smith resigns himself to the drudgery of manual labour he is returned to. However, looking back on his actions, he has no regrets.
Literary analysis
The "runner" as a metaphor
Long-distance running gives the character an ability to escape from society without the pressures of a team, which may be found in other athletic stories.[2] Additionally, Sillitoe gave running a political perspective that changed the vision of a literary runner. Sillitoe's character Smith uses running as a way to mentally reflect, allowing Smith to give clarity to his political insights and share them with the reader.[3] Through running, Smith begins to understand and become aware of the class divisions in Britain.[2][3]
During the period that Sillitoe wrote "The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner" the idea of the runner was changing dramatically. Helen Small states, "…the weight of literary attention seems to be focused on a 'pre-professional era'—either written at that time or looking back at it for inspiration".[3]
Many critics and colleagues of Alan Sillitoe regard him as a member of the "Angry Young Men" movement, though Sillitoe himself disliked the label. It was associated with writers who created "belligerent and opinionated" characters, and "The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner" suggests a confrontation with the class issues of the time. Smith says "in the end the governor is going to be doomed while blokes like me will take the pickings of his roasted bones and dance like maniacs around his Borstal's ruins".[4] It has been suggested that Sillitoe was never simply an "Angry Young Man" but had a deep and abiding hatred for the British class system, and that his and Smith's views were not very different.[4][5]
References in culture
Music
Bob Kaufman picks up on "The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner" as a thematic metaphor in his prose poem, "Oct. 5th, 1963," collected in his 1967 City Lights paperback, Golden Sardine (and now in his Collected Poems, also from City Lights, 2019 p. 119-120).
In 1986, the American jazz saxophone player David Liebman composed a whole suite on his album "The loneliness of a long distance runner" inspired by Alan Silitoe book
Grindcore band Agoraphobic Nosebleed parodied the title with "The Loneliness of the Long Distance Drug Runner" from their album Agorapocalypse.
Leeds anarchist pop band Chumbawamba samples audio from the film heavily in the song "Alright Now" on the unreleased album Jesus H. Christ.
The American post-hardcore band Fugazi adapted the title for the song "Long Distance Runner" from their album Red Medicine.
The Psychobilly band the Meteors reference the title in the name of the song "The Loneliness of the Long Distance Killer" on their These Evil Things album.
Canadian rapper Buck 65 references the title in the song "Blood of a Young Wolf" with the lyrics "Lonely like the tight rope walker, hitchhiker, long distance runner."
Charlottesville, Virginia (US) band September '67 performed "Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner" for Lilith Fair 1997
Hardcore punk band This Routine is Hell entitled a song on their 2012 EPRepent. Repeat. "The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner".
Spanish rap group Los Chikos del Maíz named a single after the title of the book in 2016.
A frame from the film was used on the cover of Velvet Rye's single "Isolated Nation".
American hardcore punk band Modern Life Is War reference the book in the song "Young Man Blues" on their 2005 album, Witness.
Television
Series 2 of the BBC sitcom Dad's Army included an episode titled "The Loneliness of the Long Distance Walker", the title being a play on words between the book and the Dad's Army character Private Walker.
Politics
On 9 January 2009, impeached Illinois Gov. Rod Blagojevich referred to the story: "Let me simply say, I feel like the old Alan Sillitoe short story 'The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner'... and that's what this is, by the way, a long-distance run."[6]
Adrian Tomine wrote a graphic novel called The Loneliness of the Long-Distance Cartoonist about the isolation he feels as a consequence of his solitary profession.
^ abHutchings, William (1987). "The Work of Play: anger and the expropriated athletes of Alan Sillitoe and David Storey". Modern Fiction Studies. 33 (1): 35–47. doi:10.1353/mfs.0.1323. S2CID146663065.
^ abcSmall, Helen (2010). "The loneliness of the long-distance runner in Browning, Sillitoe and Murakami". Essays in Criticism. 60 (2): 129–147. doi:10.1093/escrit/cgp023.
^ abPenner, A. R. (1969). "Human Dignity and Social Anarchy: Sillitoe's 'The Loneliness of the Long-Distance Runner'". Contemporary Literature. 10 (2): 253–265. doi:10.2307/1207764. JSTOR1207764.
