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The Damnation of Theron Ware
	First edition cover
Author	Harold Frederic
Original title	The Damnation of Theron Ware
Language	English
Genre	Novel
Publisher	Stone & Kimball, Chicago
Publication date	1896
Publication place	United States
Media type	Print (Serial, Hardback & Paperback)
Pages	512 (first edition)

The Damnation of Theron Ware (first published in England as Illumination) is an 1896 novel by American author Harold Frederic. Set in upstate New York, the novel presents a portrait of 19th-century provincial United States, the religious life of its ethnic groups, and its intellectual and artistic culture. It is written in a realistic style. According to Publishers Weekly, it was the fifth-best-selling book in the United States in 1896.

Plot summary

Theron Ware is a promising young Methodist pastor recently assigned to a congregation is small town in the Adirondack Mountains, which Frederic modeled after Utica, New York. His education has been limited and his experiences limited to church society and his strict enforcement of its norms.

Theron has a number of experiences that cause him to begin to question the Methodist religion, his role as a minister and the existence of God. His "illumination" consists of his awakening to new intellectual and artistic experiences embodied by several of his new acquaintances including the town's Catholic priest who introduces him to the latest Biblical scholarship; a local man of science, who eschews religion and advocates for Darwin; and a local Irish Catholic girl with musical talent and artistic pretensions, with whom Theron becomes infatuated.

In the end, these three characters grow disappointed in Theron, who initially represented an interesting social specimen but whose emergence from naivete and disparagement of his congregation disappoint them.

A parallel concern is the role of women in this society, with model provided by Theron's wife, the musician-aesthete, and a church fundraiser who charms Theron with a commonsense approach to religious affairs. Having lost his vocation and his new friends, Theron departs for Seattle, where he imagines he might use his oratorical skills to enter politics.

Composition and publication

Frederic made his living as a journalist. He wrote Theron Ware while employed by the New York Times as its London correspondent. Though he authored several novels, it is his "only genuinely notable work of fiction".^[1]

First published in 1896 in the UK as Illumination and in the US as The Damnation of Theron Ware, it received a positive critical reception and sold well. A review in the Chicago Tribune said that "It is a book which every one must read who wishes to hold his own in popular literary discussions".^[2] It was republished in 1924 and then reprinted in 1960 by Harvard University Press.^[3]

Later references

James Blish used "Theron Ware" as the name of a black magician in his novel Black Easter (1968).^[4]

Jonathon Ward adapted Frederic's novel for the stage, requiring a cast of 13 using double casting. For a title he chose The Damnation and Illumination of Theron Ware.^[5]^[6]

In Main Street by Sinclair Lewis, Carol Kendicott and Vida Sherwin discuss it. Carol was "re-reading" it and asks Vida if she knows it. "Yes. It was clever. But hard. Man wanted to tear down, not build up. Cynical. Oh, I do hope I'm not a sentimentalist. But I can't see any use in this high-art stuff that doesn't encourage us day-laborers to plod on."^[7] In turn, F. Scott Fitzgerald wrote in a letter to Lewis that Main Street had "displaced Theron Ware in my favor as the best American novel.”^[8]

References

^ Yardley, Jonathan (November 27, 2006). "In 'Theron Ware,' Realism Wears Well". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on April 2, 2018. Retrieved December 21, 2018.
^ Graham, Ruth (October 16, 2018). "The Damnation of Theron Ware: An Introduction". Belt Magazine. Archived from the original on December 21, 2018. Retrieved December 21, 2018.
^ Gould Jr., Charles E. (May 1, 2009). "The Redemption of Theron Ware". Book Source Magazine. Archived from the original on January 28, 2017. Retrieved December 21, 2018.
^ Doty, Gene (2002). "Blasphemy and the Recovery of the Sacred". In Aichele, George; Pippin, Tina (eds.). Violence, Utopia and the Kingdom of God: Fantasy and Ideology in the Bible. Routledge. p. 99. ISBN 978-1-134-73049-0. Retrieved December 22, 2018.
^ "The Damnation and Illumination of Theron Ware". Playwrights' Center. January 18, 2018. Retrieved December 21, 2018.
^ "Jonathon Ward". New Play Exchange. Retrieved December 22, 2018.
^ Lewis, Sinclair. Main Street. Harcourt, Brace and Howe"year=1920.
^ Gottlieb, Robert (December 31, 2021). "The Novelist Who Saw Middle America as It Really Was". The New York Times. Retrieved January 1, 2022.

Additional sources

Eggers, Paul (Spring 1997). "By whose authority? Point of view in the first chapter of Harold Frederic's The Damnation of Theron Ware". Style. 31 (1, Aesthetics and Interpretation): 81–95. JSTOR 42946364.
Mislin, David (December 2011). ""Never Mind the Dead Men": The Damnation of Theron Ware and the Salvation of American Protestantism". Journal of the Historical Society. 11 (4): 463–491. doi:10.1111/j.1540-5923.2011.00349.x.
Raleigh, John Henry (May 1958). "The Damnation of Theron Ware". American Literature. 30 (2): 210–227. doi:10.2307/2922490. JSTOR 2922490.
Suderman, Elmer F. (November 1969). "The Damnation of Theron Ware as a Criticism of American Religious Thought". Huntington Library Quarterly. 33 (1): 61–65. doi:10.2307/3817015. JSTOR 3817015.
Michelson, Bruce (Fall 1992). "Theron Ware in the Wilderness of Ideas". American Literary Realism, 1870–1910. 25 (1): 54–73. JSTOR 27746519.