Thailand first participated at the FISU World University Games (formally the Universiade until 2020) in 1985, and has sent athletes to compete in every Summer Games since then. Thailand has also participated in the Winter Games since 2007, except 2015 Games in Granada and Štrbské Pleso.
As of 2023, Thai athletes have won a total of 124 medals in the Summer Games and another 2 in the Winter Games. Thailand's most successful Games to date were the 2007 Summer Games in home, as Bangkok acted as host city, where they won thirty medals, of which thirteen of them were gold.