Symphyotrichum divaricatum

Symphyotrichum divaricatum
Bell County, Texas

Secure  (NatureServe)[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Tribe: Astereae
Subtribe: Symphyotrichinae
Genus: Symphyotrichum
Subgenus: Symphyotrichum subg. Astropolium
Species:
S. divaricatum
Binomial name
Symphyotrichum divaricatum
Native distribution[3][4]
Synonyms[2]

Basionym

  • Tripolium divaricatum Nutt.
Alphabetical list
    • Aster divaricatus (Nutt.) Torr. & A.Gray
    • Aster divaricatus var. alatus E.S.Burgess
    • Aster divaricatus var. curtifolius E.S.Burgess
    • Aster divaricatus var. cymulosus E.S.Burgess
    • Aster divaricatus var. deltoideus E.S.Burgess
    • Aster divaricatus var. fontinalis E.S.Burgess
    • Aster divaricatus var. persaliens E.S.Burgess
    • Aster subulatus var. ligulatus Shinners
    • Erigeron multiflorus Hook. & Arn.
    • Symphyotrichum subulatum var. ligulatum (Shinners) S.D.Sundb.

Symphyotrichum divaricatum (formerly Symphyotrichum subulatum var. ligulatum) is an annual and herbaceous plant commonly known as southern annual saltmarsh aster.[4] It is native to the southern United States and some northern states of Mexico.

Description

Symphyotrichum divaricatum is an annual and herbaceous plant with a tap root. It usually grows between 60 and 200 centimeters (2 and 6+1⁄2 feet), but may remain below that height as low as 10 cm (4 in). Stems are green and simple, but sometimes have lower branches. Stems often have purple or brownish areas, and they are hairless. Sometimes there are small hairs where the leaves meet the stem. The hairless leaves are thin and green to dark green in color.[5]

The species usually flowers from July through November, but sometimes into February. It has lavender to blue ray florets surrounding yellow disk florets. As the plant is drying after pollination, each ray floret curls under into three to five coils.[5]

Distribution and habitat

Symphyotrichum divaricatum is native to the Mexican states of Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Coahuila, and Tamaulipas, as well as the US states of Alabama, Arkansas, Kansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas,[3] and Virginia.[4] It has been introduced into Colombia and New York.[2] It grows in marshy habitats, roadsides, lawns, and waste places at 0–1,500 meters (0–4,921 feet), and is often considered weedy.[5]

  • Growing from a crack in dirt or a driveway
    Growing from a crack in dirt or a driveway
  • Growing in a large field
    Growing in a large field

Taxonomy

The species' full scientific name is Symphyotrichum divaricatum (Nutt.) G.L.Nesom. As of December 2021, its former name, S. subulatum var. ligulatum (Shinners) S.D.Sundb., is a taxonomic synonym to this species.[2]

Conservation

As of December 2021, NatureServe lists it as Secure (G5) worldwide, and Critically Imperiled (S1) in West Virginia,[a] Apparently Secure (S4) in Nebraska, as well as exotic in Missouri. NatureServe's last review of the global status of this species was 21 December 2001.[1]

Notes

  1. ^ Plants of the World Online (POWO),[2] Hassler,[3] and Flora of North America (FNA)[5] report no presence in West Virginia.

Citations

  1. ^ a b NatureServe 2021.
  2. ^ a b c d e POWO 2021.
  3. ^ a b c Hassler 2021.
  4. ^ a b c USDA, NRCS 2021.
  5. ^ a b c d Brouillet et al. 2006b.

References

  • Brouillet, L.; Semple, J.C.; Allen, G.A.; Chambers, K.L.; Sundberg, S.D. (2006b). "Symphyotrichum subulatum var. ligulatum". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 20. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press. Retrieved 17 December 2021 – via eFloras.org.
  • Hassler, M. (8 October 2021). "Symphyotrichum subulatum var. ligulatum S. D. Sundb. – World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World". In Bánki, O.; Roskov, Y.; Döring, M.; Ower, G.; Vandepitte, L.; Hobern, D.; Remsen, D.; Schalk, P.; DeWalt, R.E.; Keping, M.; Miller, J.; Orrell, T.; Aalbu, R.; Adlard, R.; Adriaenssens, E.; Aedo, C.; Aescht, E.; Akkari, N.; Alonso-Zarazaga, M.A.; et al. (eds.). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 9 November 2021. Leiden, Netherlands: Naturalis Biodiversity Center. ISSN 2405-8858. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
  • NatureServe (6 December 2021). "Symphyotrichum divaricatum Saltmarsh Aster". explorer.natureserve.org. Arlington, Virginia. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
  • POWO (2021). "Symphyotrichum divaricatum (Nutt.) G.L.Nesom". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
  • USDA, NRCS (2021). "Symphyotrichum divaricatum". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 17 December 2021.