Sylvia Leonora
Portrait by Paul Tanqueray, 1930
Ranee of Sarawak
Tenure	24 May 1917 – 1 July 1946
Grand Master of The Most Excellent Order of the Star of Sarawak
Tenure	1 August 1941 – 1 July 1946
Born	(1885-02-25)25 February 1885 No. 1, Tilney Street, Park Lane, Central London
Died	11 November 1971(1971-11-11) (aged 86)
Spouse	Charles Vyner Brooke
Issue	Leonora Margaret Brooke Elizabeth Brooke Nancy Valerie Brooke
Names Sylvia Leonora Brett
House	White Rajahs (by marriage) Brett Family
Father	Reginald Brett, 2nd Viscount Esher
Mother	Eleanor van de Weyer

Sylvia Leonora, Lady Brooke, Ranee of Sarawak (born The Hon. Sylvia Leonora Brett, 25 February 1885 – 11 November 1971), was an English aristocrat who became the consort to Sir Charles Vyner de Windt Brooke, the third and last of the White Rajahs of Sarawak.

Brett was born at No. 1 Tilney Street, Park Lane,^{[citation needed]} Central London, the second daughter of Reginald Baliol Brett, the 2nd Viscount Esher, KCB. Her mother Eleanor was the third daughter of the Belgian politician and revolutionary Sylvain Van de Weyer and his wife Elizabeth, who was the only child of the great financier Joshua Bates of Barings Bank. Sylvia grew up at the family home, Orchard Lea, at Cranbourne in Winkfield parish in Berkshire. Her paternal grandmother Eugénie Meyer was French, born in Lyons.^[1]

Sylvia Brett grew up in a troubled household. She was ignored by her courtier father, who was far more interested in flirting with young men than being a parent. Sylvia and her sister Dot had to suffer starvation of affection, and she decided to "electrify the world" when she grew up.^[2]

Brett married Rajah Vyner of Sarawak at St Peter's Church, Cranbourne, Berkshire, just before her 26th birthday on 21 February 1911. They first met in 1909 when she joined an all-female choral orchestra, established by Vyner's mother.^[3] She first visited Sarawak in 1912,^[3] where her husband-to-be (from 1917) ruled a 40,000-square-mile (100,000 km²) jungle kingdom on the northern side of Borneo with a population of 500,000, an ethnic mix of Chinese, Malays, and the headhunting Dayak. Brett was invested with the titles of Ranee of Sarawak on 24 May 1917 and Grand Master of The Most Illustrious Order of the Star of Sarawak on 1 August 1941.^{[citation needed]} Vyner died in 1963.

Brett was distraught that her eldest daughter, Leonora, under Islamic law, could not take the throne; as a result she hatched various plots to blacken the name of the heir apparent, Anthony, the Rajah Muda.^[3]

She was known for having Machiavellian machinations, which agitated the British Colonial Office. Brett always had designs on her husband's succession because her daughters, as women, were not eligible to become rulers of Sarawak. "Her own brother described her as a “female Iago” because she was the family nuisance and great schemer."^[2]

Richard Halliburton, the celebrated adventurer, met her as he circumnavigated the globe in 1932 with his pilot, Moye Stephens. She became the first woman in Sarawak to fly when the pair gave her a flight in their biplane, the Flying Carpet. Halliburton narrates an account of the visit in his book of the same name.^[4]

Sylvia Brett enjoyed dressing up in sarongs and exotic jewelry and decorated her London home with spears, totem poles.^[5]

Brett was the author of eleven books, including Sylvia of Sarawak and Queen of the Head-Hunters (1970).^[3] She also contributed short stories to publications such as John O'London's Weekly, for example "The Debt Collector", in the Summer Reading Number June 29, 1929.

Fort Sylvia in Kapit, Malaysia, is named in her honour.^[6]

Brett was survived by three daughters:

• Dayang Leonora Margaret, Countess of Inchcape, wife of Kenneth Mackay, 2nd Earl of Inchcape (by whom she had a son, Lord Tanlaw, and a daughter), and later wife of Colonel Francis Parker Tompkins (by whom she had a son).^{[citation needed]}
• Dayang Elizabeth, a RADA educated^{[citation needed]} singer and actress, wife of firstly Harry Roy (with whom she had a son, David Roy and daughter, Roberta Simpson),^{[citation needed]} secondly, Richard Vidmer until her death.^[7]
• Dayang Nancy Valerie, an actress, known for The Charge of the Light Brigade (1936 film),^[8] wife of firstly, Robert Gregory, an American wrestler; secondly, José Pepi Cabarro – a Spanish businessman; thirdly, Andrew Aitken Macnair (one son, Stewart, born 1952); and fourthly, Memery Whyatt. She died in Florida.^{[citation needed]}

Brett's elder sister Dorothy Brett (1883–1977), known as Brett, went to the Slade School of Art in 1910 and became friends with painters Dora Carrington (1893-1932) and Mark Gertler (1891–1939), and then with salon hostess Lady Ottoline Morrell (1873–1938) and the Bloomsbury group, living for a while at Garsington Manor. In 1924 she went to live on a mountain ranch near Taos, New Mexico, with D.H. Lawrence and his wife Frieda, partially fulfilling Lawrence's dream of establishing an artists' colony.

• List of Sarawakian consorts
• White Rajahs
• Kingdom of Sarawak

• Maurice V. Brett (ed.), Journals and Letters of Reginald Viscount Esher, Vol I: 1870–1903, London, 1934.
• Margaret Brooke, My Life in Sarawak, 1913.
• Sylvia of Sarawak: An Autobiography, 1936.
• Sylvia, Lady Brooke, Queen of the Headhunters, 1970.
• Philip Eade, Sylvia, Queen Of The Headhunters: An Outrageous Englishwoman And Her Lost Kingdom, (352 pages), Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2007. Lynne Truss, reviewed Eade's book in The Sunday Times, 17 June 2007.
• Sean Hignett, Brett: From Bloomsbury to New Mexico, A Biography, London, Hodder & Stoughton, 1984.
• R.H.W. Reece, The Name of Brooke: The End of White Rajah Rule in Sarawak, 1993.
• Steven Runciman, The White Rajahs: A History of Sarawak from 1841 to 1946, Cambridge University Press, 1960

• An essay on Silvia Brooke in The Daily Telegraph (UK), Saturday 2 June 2007, by Philip Eade.
• National Portrait Gallery, London Photographic images of the Brookes by Bassano; Ottoline Morrell; and Paul Tanqueray, 1917 and 1932.