Subtiaba is an extinct Oto-Manguean language which was spoken on the Pacific slope of Nicaragua, especially in the Subtiaba district of León. Edward Sapir established a connection between Subtiaba and Tlapanec. When Lehmann wrote about it in 1909 it was already very endangered or moribund.

The name "Subtiaba" may be of Nahuatl origin, from the roots xoctli ("black snail") and atl ("water").^[4]

Lexical comparison from Native American Language Net:^[5]

• Tlapanecan languages

• Campbell, Lyle (1979): "Middle American Languages" en The languages of native America: Historical and comparative assessment, Campbell, Lyle; & Mithun, Marianne (Eds.), Austin: University of Texas Press, pp. 902–999.
• Sapir, Edward (1925). "The Hokan affinity of Subtiaba in Nicaragua". American Anthropologist. New Series. 27 (3, 4): 402–435, 491–527. doi:10.1525/aa.1925.27.3.02a00040.
• Suárez, Jorge A. (1977). El tlapaneco como lengua Otomangue (in Spanish). México, D.F.: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México.

• Subtiaba, at Summer Institute of Linguistics
• OLAC resources in and about the Subtiaba language