St Peter and St Paul's Church, Pickering

St Peter and St Paul, Pickering
View from north west showing bell tower, spire, and north aisle
St Peter and St Paul, Pickering is located in North Yorkshire
St Peter and St Paul, Pickering
St Peter and St Paul, Pickering
Location in North Yorkshire
54°14′45″N 0°46′32″W / 54.2457°N 0.7756°W / 54.2457; -0.7756
OS grid referenceSE7988884021
LocationPickering, North Yorkshire
CountryEngland
DenominationChurch of England
Previous denominationRoman Catholic
ChurchmanshipAnglo-Catholic
Websitewww.pickeringchurch.com
History
StatusParish church
FoundedSaxon Period
DedicationSt Peter and St Paul
Architecture
Functional statusActive
Heritage designationGrade I
Designated24 October 1950
Architectural typeChurch
StyleNorman, English Gothic
Administration
ProvinceProvince of York
DioceseDiocese of York
ArchdeaconryArchdeaconry of Cleveland
DeaneryNorthern Ryedale
ParishPickering
Clergy
Vicar(s)Rev'd Gareth Atha

The Church of St Peter and St Paul, Pickering is the parish church of the market town of Pickering in the county of North Yorkshire. The church sits on the top of a small hill in the centre of the town and its spire is visible across the Ryedale district. The church is part of the Church of England Diocese of York, and houses a collection of medieval wall paintings. It is a Grade I listed building.[1]

History and architecture

The first church to stand on the current site is believed to have been built in the Anglo-Saxon era. Little is known about the first church, but remains from its construction can be seen inside the current building, including the stone font and a carved cross shaft.[2] The church was rebuilt in c. 1140, and significant additions were made in the following decades, including a north aisle in 1150 and the south aisle in 1190. It is to this stage of building that the elaborately carved capitals are to be dated.[3]

In about 1200 drastic alterations were made due to the collapse of the tower, which had until then sat in the centre of the building.[3] The tower was replaced, but with a new structure at the west end of the church, to which the spire was later added. The chancel was enlarged in 1300, in order 'to accommodate the increasingly elaborate church services of the time', resulting in the unusual situation that the east end of the church is wider than its nave.[4]

The church features two chantry chapels, which were built to the north and south of the sanctuary: the north chantry chapel, built in 1337, originally contained the effigy of Sir William Bruce,[5] though his remains were relocated to the chancel step in order to accommodate the present organ; the south chantry chapel, built in 1407, contains two effigies, of Sir David and Dame Margery Roucliffe, which are still in situ.

The last major structural alterations were carried out in the 15th century when the walls of the nave were raised and clerestory windows added.[4] It was onto these that the church's wall paintings were painted.

View of the Parish Church from Pickering Market Place.

The Pickering Wall Paintings

View of the nave showing the bulk of the mural cycles (north to the left and south to the right).

The Pickering Wall Paintings are an exceptionally complete surviving set of late medieval murals covering the walls above the arcades and between the clerestories in the nave of Pickering Parish Church. They are among the finest surviving and best preserved of their kind in the UK and have made the building nationally and internationally notable. They are believed to have been commissioned in 1450, but were covered over in the next century with the Edwardian Reformation most likely around 1547.[2] Their discovery in 1852 was an accident, caused by plaster falling from the wall.[6] The Reverend John Ponsonby, vicar of Pickering from 1814 to 1857,[7] disliked the paintings and insisted they be recovered, much to the frustration of the Archbishop of York at the time, Dr Thomas Musgrave.[6] Ponsonby instructed W. H. Dykes to sketch the discoveries, but he then had the images whitewashed. However, in 1876, a new vicar, the Reverend G. H. Lightfoot, took the decision to remove the whitewash and restore the paintings.[8]

The paintings cover the majority of the nave walls and follow the liturgical calendar in depicting scenes from the lives of the saints, interspersed with more perennial themes such as the life of Christ and the Works of Mercy.[6] The north wall of the nave from west to east (left to right) depicts St George and the Dragon, St Christopher carrying the Child Jesus,[9] the Beheading of John the Baptist surmounted by an image of the Coronation of the Virgin by the Holy Trinity, and the martyrdoms of the popular English patrons St Edmund and St Thomas Becket.[10] On the south wall working east to west (left to right) scenes from the martyrdom of St Catherine of Alexandria,[11] the Seven Corporal Works of Mercy,[12] and the scenes of Christs redemptive work, the Passion, Resurrection, and Harrowing of Hell.[13][14]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Historic England. "Parish Church of St Peter and St Paul (1149369)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
  2. ^ a b "St Peter's and St Paul's Church, Pickering". Pickering Parish Church. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
  3. ^ a b Ellis 2014, p. 3
  4. ^ a b Ellis 2014, p. 4
  5. ^ Lawton, George (1842). Collection Rerum Ecclesiasticarum de Diocese Eboracensi; or Collections Relative to Churches and Chapels within the Diocese of York. To which are added Collections Relative to Churches and Chapels within the Diocese of Ripon. London: JG and F Rivington, Hatchard and Son, and H Bellerby. p. 533. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
  6. ^ a b c Giles, Kate (2000). "Marking Time? A fifteenth-century liturgical calendar in the wall paintings of Pickering parish church, North Yorkshire" (PDF). Church Archaeology. 4: 42–51. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
  7. ^ “PONSONBY John” in Alumni Cantabrigienses, Part II 1752–1900, Vol. V (1953), p. 152
  8. ^ Ellis 2014, p. 5
  9. ^ "St Christopher Mural Pickering". Retrieved 28 August 2024.
  10. ^ "St Edmund Mural Pickering". Retrieved 28 August 2024.
  11. ^ "St Catherine Mural Pickering". Retrieved 28 August 2024.
  12. ^ "Works of Mercy Mural Pickering". Retrieved 28 August 2024.
  13. ^ "Passion Cycle Mural Pickering". Retrieved 28 August 2024.
  14. ^ Rouse, E. C. (2004). Medieval Wall Paintings. Shire. p. 50. ISBN 0747801444.

References

  • Ellis, Christopher (2014). St. Peter and St. Paul Parish Church Pickering: Home of the famous Medieval Frescoes. Peterborough: Jarrold Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85101-544-6.
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