Stříbro

Stříbro
Town
Masarykovo Square, historical centre
Masarykovo Square, historical centre
Flag of Stříbro
Flag
Coat of arms of Stříbro
Coat of arms
Stříbro is located in Czech Republic
Stříbro
Stříbro
Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates: 49°45′11″N 13°0′15″E / 49.75306°N 13.00417°E / 49.75306; 13.00417
Country Czech Republic
RegionPlzeň
DistrictTachov
First mentioned1183
Government
 • MayorMartin Záhoř (ANO)
Area
 • Total
47.78 km2 (18.45 sq mi)
Elevation
399 m (1,309 ft)
Population
 (2024-01-01)[1]
 • Total
8,145
 • Density170/km2 (440/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
349 01
Websitewww.mustribro.cz

Stříbro (Czech pronunciation: [ˈstr̝̊iːbro] ⓘ; German: Mies) is a town in Tachov District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 8,100 inhabitants. The historic town centre with the Renaissance Stříbro bridge is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument zone.

Administrative parts

The villages of Butov, Jezerce, Lhota u Stříbra, Milíkov, Otročín and Těchlovice are administrative parts of Stříbro.

Etymology

The Czech name derives from 'silver' (Czech: stříbro), which used to be mined there. The German name Mies comes from the name of the Mže river.

Geography

Stříbro is located about 27 kilometres (17 mi) east of Tachov and 26 km (16 mi) west of Plzeň. It lies in the Plasy Uplands. The highest point is the hill Jirná at 523 m (1,716 ft) above sea level. The Mže River flows through the town. The confluence of the Mže and Úhlavka rivers is located on the southern outskirts of the town. A part of the Hracholusky Reservoir, built on the Mže, lies in the eastern part of the territory.

History

Hussite bastion

According to the 16th century chronicler Wenceslaus Hajek, the mining settlement in the Duchy of Bohemia was founded by the Přemyslid duke Soběslav I in 1131.[2] The first written mention of Stříbro is in a deed of Duke Frederick from 1183. It was a mining settlement located on an important trade route (Zlatá cesta, "Golden Road") from Prague to Nuremberg.[3] Silver and later mainly lead were mined here, which accelerated the growth of the settlement.[4]

Between 1240 and 1250, the foundations of the new royal town were laid on a rocky promontory above the old settlement.[3] Stříbro received town privileges in 1263.[4]

During the Hussite Wars, the town was besieged by the troops of Jan Žižka in 1421, though it was not occupied until in 1426. Shortly afterwards, the Hussite forces under Prokop the Great could repel an attack by the Crusaders in the Battle of Tachov.[4] In 1541 the citizens turned Protestant. Silver mining was resumed under the King Ferdinand I in 1554. Upon the Battle of White Mountain, the town was subdued to the measures of the Counter-Reformation.

Until 1918, the town was part of Austria-Hungary and the administrative centre of a district with the same name, one of the 94 Bezirkshauptmannschaften in Bohemia.[5] From 1918, Stříbro belonged to Czechoslovakia. After World War II, the remaining German population was expelled.

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±%
18695,135—    
18805,547+8.0%
18905,303−4.4%
19005,242−1.2%
19105,907+12.7%
YearPop.±%
19216,167+4.4%
19306,523+5.8%
19505,280−19.1%
19615,543+5.0%
19706,453+16.4%
YearPop.±%
19806,801+5.4%
19917,718+13.5%
20017,745+0.3%
20117,926+2.3%
20217,519−5.1%
Source: Censuses[6][7]

Transport

The D5 motorway (part of the European route E50) from Plzeň to the Czech-German border in Rozvadov runs south of the town, outside the municipal territory.

Stříbro is a railway junction. The town lies on interregional lines Prague–Cheb, Plzeň–Karlovy Vary and Františkovy Lázně–Bohumín.[8]

Sights

Town hall

Among the most valuable monuments is the Gothic-Renaissance Stříbro bridge. It has one preserved gate, built in 1555–1560.[9][10]

The original town hall building, whose appearance has not been preserved, was replaced in 1543 by the current Renaissance building. The sgraffito decoration dates from 1823–1888.[11]

The Church of All Saints was originally a sanctuary, which disappeared in a late Gothic reconstruction from 1565. The other parts date from 1754–1757, when the building was remodeled in the Baroque style. The church tower serves as lookout tower open to the public.[12]

There are still preserved fragments of town walls, which surrounded the old town in a large circle. They include the so-called Jewish Gate, which made it possible to enter the Jewish quarter.[13]

The mining open-air museum with an outdoor exhibition of mining equipment shows the mining tradition in Stříbro and in whole country.[14]

Notable people

Twin towns – sister cities

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in the Czech Republic

Stříbro is twinned with:[15]

  • Panorama of the town centre
    Panorama of the town centre
  • Renaissance bridge with the town gate
    Renaissance bridge with the town gate
  • Masarykovo Square with a fountain and Marian column
    Masarykovo Square with a fountain and Marian column
  • Church of All Saints
    Church of All Saints
  • Town hall garden
    Town hall garden
  • Garden of the Franciscan monastery
    Garden of the Franciscan monastery

References

  1. ^ "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2024". Czech Statistical Office. 2024-05-17.
  2. ^ "Co nového ve Stříbře? Historické centrum v záplavě jarních květů". Deník.cz (in Czech). 2021-04-26. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  3. ^ a b "Historie města Stříbra" (in Czech). Město Stříbro. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  4. ^ a b c "Stříbro" (in Czech). Husitská kulturní stezka. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  5. ^ Die postalischen Abstempelungen auf den österreichischen Postwertzeichen-Ausgaben 1867, 1883 und 1890, Wilhelm Klein, 1967
  6. ^ "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21.
  7. ^ "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
  8. ^ "Detail stanice Stříbro" (in Czech). České dráhy. Retrieved 2023-06-19.
  9. ^ "Most a mostní brána" (in Czech). Město Stříbro. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  10. ^ "Silniční most s věží a sochou sv. Jana Nepomuckého" (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2023-06-19.
  11. ^ "Městská radnice" (in Czech). Město Stříbro. Retrieved 2023-06-19.
  12. ^ "Kostel Všech svatých" (in Czech). Město Stříbro. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  13. ^ "Hradby a židovská branka" (in Czech). Město Stříbro. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  14. ^ "Hornický skanzen ve Stříbře" (in Czech). Hornický spolek Stříbro. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
  15. ^ "Partnerská města" (in Czech). Město Stříbro. Retrieved 2024-01-15.
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