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A solid-state dye laser (SSDL) is a solid-state lasers in which the gain medium is a laser dye-doped organic matrix such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), rather than a liquid solution of the dye. These lasers are also referred to as solid-state organic lasers and solid-state dye-doped polymer lasers.

SSDLs were introduced in 1967 by Soffer and McFarland.^[2]

Organic gain media

In the 1990s, new forms of improved PMMA, such as modified PMMA, with high optical quality characteristics were introduced.^[3] Gain media research for SSDL has been rather active in the 21st century, and various new dye-doped solid-state organic matrices have been discovered.^[4] Notable among these new gain media are organic-inorganic dye-doped polymer-nanoparticle composites.^[5]^[6]^[7] An additional form of organic-inorganic dye-doped solid-state laser gain media are the ORMOSILs.^[7]^[8]

High performance solid-state dye laser oscillators

This improved gain medium was central to the demonstration of the first tunable narrow-linewidth solid-state dye laser oscillators, by Duarte,^[8] which were later optimized to deliver pulse emission in the kW regime in nearly diffraction limited beams with single-longitudinal-mode laser linewidths of $\Delta \nu$ ≈ 350 MHz (or $\Delta \lambda$ ≈ 0.0004 nm, at a laser wavelength of 590 nm).^[9] These tunable laser oscillators use multiple-prism grating architectures^[9] yielding very high intracavity dispersions that can be nicely quantified using the multiple-prism grating equations.^[10]

Distributed feedback and waveguide solid-state dye lasers

Additional developments in solid-state dye lasers were demonstrated with the introduction of distributed feedback laser designs in 1999^[11]^[12] and distributed feedback waveguides in 2002.^[13]

References

^ Duarte, F. J.; Taylor, T. S.; Costela, A.; Garcia-Moreno, I.; Sastre, R. (1998). "Long-pulse narrow-linewidth dispersive solid-state dye laser oscillator". Applied Optics. 37 (18): 3987–3989. Bibcode:1998ApOpt..37.3987D. doi:10.1364/AO.37.003987. PMID 18273368.
^ Soffer, B. H.; McFarland, B. B. (1967). "Continuously Tunable, Narrow-Band Organic Dye Lasers". Applied Physics Letters. 10 (10): 266. Bibcode:1967ApPhL..10..266S. doi:10.1063/1.1754804.
^ Maslyukov, A.; Sokolov, S.; Kaivola, M.; Nyholm, K.; Popov, S. (1995). "Solid-state dye laser with modified poly(methyl methacrylate)-doped active elements". Applied Optics. 34 (9): 1516–1518. Bibcode:1995ApOpt..34.1516M. doi:10.1364/AO.34.001516. PMID 21037689.
^ A. J. C. Kuehne and M. C. Gather, Organic Lasers: Recent Developments on Materials, Device Geometries, and Fabrication Techniques, Chem. Rev. 116, 12823-12864 (2016).
^ Duarte, F. J.; James, R. O. (2003). "Tunable solid-state lasers incorporating dye-doped polymer-nanoparticle gain media". Optics Letters. 28 (21): 2088–90. Bibcode:2003OptL...28.2088D. doi:10.1364/OL.28.002088. PMID 14587824.
^ Costela, A.; Garcia-Moreno, I.; Sastre, R. (2009). "Solid state dye lasers". In Duarte, F. J. (ed.). Tunable Laser Applications (2nd ed.). Boca Raton: CRC Press. pp. 97–120. ISBN 978-1-4200-6009-6.
^ ^a ^b Duarte, F. J.; James, R. O. (2009). "Tunable lasers based on dye-doped polymer gain media incorporating homogeneous distributions of functional nanoparticles". In Duarte, F. J. (ed.). Tunable Laser Applications (2nd ed.). Boca Raton: CRC Press. pp. 121–142. ISBN 978-1-4200-6009-6.
^ ^a ^b Duarte, F. J., F. J. (1994). "Solid-state multiple-prism grating dye-laser oscillators". Applied Optics. 33 (18): 3857–3860. Bibcode:1994ApOpt..33.3857D. doi:10.1364/AO.33.003857. PMID 20935726.
^ ^a ^b Duarte, F. J. (1999). "Multiple-prism grating solid-state dye laser oscillator: optimized architecture". Applied Optics. 38 (30): 6347–6349. Bibcode:1999ApOpt..38.6347D. doi:10.1364/AO.38.006347. PMID 18324163.
^ Duarte, F. J. (2015). "The physics of multiple-prism optics". Tunable Laser Optics (2nd ed.). New York: CRC Press. pp. 77–100. ISBN 978-1-4822-4529-5.
^ Wadsworth, W. J.; McKinnie, I. T.; Woolhouse, A. D.; Haskell, T. G. (1999). "Efficient distributed feedback solid state dye laser with a dynamic grating". Applied Physics B. 69 (2): 163–169. Bibcode:1999ApPhB..69..163W. doi:10.1007/s003400050791. S2CID 122330477.
^ Zhu, X-L; Lam, S-K; Lo, D. (2000). "Distributed-feedback dye-doped solgel silica lasers". Applied Optics. 39 (18): 3104–3107. Bibcode:2000ApOpt..39.3104Z. doi:10.1364/AO.39.003104. PMID 18345240.
^ Oki, Y.; Miyamoto, S.; Tanaka, M.; Zuo, D.; Maeda, M. (2002). "Long lifetime and high repetition rate operation from distributed feedback plastic waveguided dye lasers". Optics Communications. 214 (1–6): 277–283. Bibcode:2002OptCo.214..277O. doi:10.1016/S0030-4018(02)02125-9.