Sind
Province of British India (1936–1947) Province of the Dominion of Pakistan (1947–1955)
1936–1955
Flag
Province of Sind in Pakistan
Capital	Karachi (1936–1947) Hyderabad (1947–1955)
Area
•	123,080 km2 (47,520 sq mi)
History
• Formation of Sind Province	1 April 1936
• Province of Pakistan	14 August 1947
• Disestablished	14 October 1955
Preceded by Succeeded by Bombay Presidency Federal Capital Territory (Pakistan) West Pakistan Sindh

This article is part of the series
Former administrative units of Pakistan
Original provinces Baluchistan East Bengal Federal Capital Territory Federally Administered Tribal Areas North-West Frontier Province Sind West Punjab
Princely states Amb Bahawalpur Chitral Dir Hunza Kalat Khairpur Kharan Las Bela Makran Nagar Phulra Swat
One-unit provinces East Pakistan West Pakistan
Other subdivisions Gilgit Agency Trans-Karakoram Tract
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Sind (sometimes called Scinde, Sindhi: سنڌ‎) was a province of British India from 1 April 1936 to 1947 and Dominion of Pakistan from 14 August 1947 to 14 October 1955. Under the British, it encompassed the current territorial limits excluding the princely state of Khairpur. Its capital was Karachi. After Pakistan's creation, the province lost the city of Karachi, as it became the capital of the newly created country. It became part of West Pakistan upon the creation of the One Unit Scheme.^[1]

On 1 April 1936 Sind division was separated from Bombay Presidency and established as a province.

At that time the Province's Administration division are listed below:

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The province was bordered by Karachi (within the Federal Capital Territory after 1948) and the princely states of Las Bela and Kalat on the west. To the north were the provinces of Baluchistan and West Punjab. The province bordered the princely state of Bahawalpur on the northeast and it enclosed on three sides the princely state of Khairpur. The Indian states of Rajasthan and Gujarat were beyond its borders to the east and south. On the southwest lay the Arabian Sea, with the Sind's coastline consisting entirely of river deltas, including the Indus River Delta up to Sind's border with the city of Karachi, now the capital of present-day Sindh.

Sindh was first settled by the Indus Valley Civilization and Mohenjo-Daro, as early as 1750 BC. It had Greek influence during its history after the expansion of the Macedonian Empire, and developed trade with surrounding regions. Several Sunni Muslim and Rajput kingdoms were set up there, beginning with the Rai dynasty and ending with the Arghuns. The Mughal Empire conquered Sindh under the rule of Akbar in the year 1591. Soon after the coming of European companies, in particular the East India Company, the Mughal hold on the area loosened, and in 1843 Sindh became part of the British India and its Bombay Presidency on 1 October 1848. Later it became Sindh province on 1 April 1935 under All India Act of 1935. Sind Province.

On 1 April 1936, Sind was separated from Bombay Presidency to get the status of a province and the provincial capital was settled in Karachi. Hyderabad division was formed on the place of Sind division.

Following a resolution in the Sindh Legislative Assembly about joining Pakistan, with the independence and Partition of India in August 1947 Sindh became part of Pakistan.^[1]

In 1948, Karachi city (2,103 km2 area) separated from Sind to form the Federal Capital Territory of Pakistan. Apart from the city, the remaining areas of Karachi district remained part of Sind and a new district of Thatta was formed from these areas.^[2]

On 11 December 1954, the Sindh Legislative Assembly voted by 100 to 4 in favour of the One Unit policy announced by Prime Minister Chaudhry Mohammad Ali, and Sindh was merged into the new province of West Pakistan on 14 October 1955.^[3]

The offices of Governor of Sindh and Premier (later Chief Minister) of Sindh were established in 1936 when Sindh became a province. This system continued until 1955 when Sindh was dissolved.

• 1937
• 1946

By the time of independence in 1947 Sindh had a Muslim majority for centuries but there were significant minorities of Hindus throughout the province. In 1947 due to communal tensions and partition two million Muslim muhajir migrated to Pakistan while most Sindhi Hindus fled to India.

The Muslims from India were mostly Urdu speaking.

Religion in Sindh (1872−1951)

Religious group	1872[5][a]		1881[6][b]		1891[7][c]		1901[8][d]		1911[9][e]		1921[10][f]		1931[11][g]		1941[12][h]		1951[13][14][i]
	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%
Islam	1,712,221	78.1%	1,989,630	78.24%	2,318,180	77.18%	2,609,337	76.52%	2,822,756	75.53%	2,562,700	73.8%	3,017,377	73.34%	3,462,015	71.52%	5,535,645	91.53%
Hinduism [j]	475,848	21.7%	544,848	21.43%	674,371	22.45%	787,683	23.1%	877,313	23.47%	876,629	25.24%	1,055,119	25.65%	1,279,530	26.43%	482,560	7.98%
Christianity	3,329	0.15%	6,082	0.24%	7,768	0.26%	7,825	0.23%	10,917	0.29%	11,734	0.34%	15,152	0.37%	20,304	0.42%	22,601	0.37%
Zoroastrianism	810	0.04%	1,063	0.04%	1,534	0.05%	2,000	0.06%	2,411	0.06%	2,913	0.08%	3,537	0.09%	3,841	0.08%	5,046	0.08%
Judaism	35	0%	153	0.01%	210	0.01%	428	0.01%	595	0.02%	671	0.02%	985	0.02%	1,082	0.02%	—	—
Jainism	—	—	1,191	0.05%	923	0.03%	921	0.03%	1,349	0.04%	1,534	0.04%	1,144	0.03%	3,687	0.08%	—	—
Buddhism	—	—	9	0%	2	0%	0	0%	21	0.001%	41	0.001%	53	0.001%	111	0.002%	670	0.01%
Sikhism	—	—	—	—	720	0.02%	—	—	12,339	0.33%	8,036	0.23%	19,172	0.47%	32,627	0.67%	—	—
Tribal	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	9,224	0.25%	8,186	0.24%	204	0%	37,598	0.78%	—	—
Others	172	0.01%	0	0%	3	0%	2,029	0.06%	298	0.01%	64	0.002%	1,510	0.04%	0	0%	1,226	0.02%
Total Responses	2,192,415	94.39%	2,542,976	100%	3,003,711	100%	3,410,223	100%	3,737,223	100%	3,472,508	100%	4,114,253	100%	4,840,795	100%	6,047,748	99.89%
Total Population	2,322,765	100%	2,542,976	100%	3,003,711	100%	3,410,223	100%	3,737,223	100%	3,472,508	100%	4,114,253	100%	4,840,795	100%	6,054,474	100%
Note1: Religious data from the 1881, 1891, 1901, 1911, 1921, 1931, 1941, and 1951 censuses include Khairpur (princely state). Note2: 1951 census includes the Federal Capital Territory (Karachi).

• Sindh
• Khairpur
• Karachi

26°06′N 68°34′E / 26.10°N 68.56°E / 26.10; 68.56