Sepia (cephalopod)
Genus of cephalopods
Sepia apama Sepia elegans Sepia latimanus Sepia officinalis Sepia pharaonis Sepia prashadi Sepia sp.Sepia genus of cuttlefish in the family Sepiidae encompassing some of the best known and most common species. The cuttlebone is ellipsoid in shape. The name of the genus is the Latinised form of the Ancient Greek σηπία sēpía ) "cuttlefish".
Parts of a sepia
Anatomy
All members of Sepia share the presence of eight arms and two tentacles. Tentacles are retractable limbs used to target and latch onto prey, whereas arms are used for handling prey and producing patterns of light and dark to distract prey. Once a prey item has been caught, the tentacles detach from it and have no other function. The tentacles reside in sheaths that run below the eyes and behind the head, into the visceral mass, where they are reserved as coiled, spring-loaded appendages, waiting to be ejected towards a food target.
Classification
Genus Sepia Subgenus undetermined
Subgenus Acanthosepion
Subgenus Anomalosepia
Subgenus Doratosepion
Subgenus Hemisepius
Subgenus Rhombosepion
Subgenus Sepia
Sepia angulata Sepia apama Sepia bandensis Sepia bertheloti Sepia chirotrema Sepia dollfusi Sepia elobyana Sepia gibba Sepia hierredda Sepia insignis Sepia irvingi Sepia latimanus Sepia mestus Sepia novaehollandiae Sepia officinalis Sepia papillata Sepia papuensis Sepia pharaonis Sepia plangon Sepia plathyconchalis Sepia ramani Sepia rozella Sepia simoniana Sepia tuberculata Sepia vermiculata
The species listed above with an asterisk (*) are questionable; they need further study to determine if they are a valid species or a synonym. The question mark (?) indicates questionable placement within the genus.
Extinct species
Fossil cuttlebone of the Pliocene species Sepia rugulosa Fossil cuttlebone of Sepia stricta A number of extinct species have been described from the Neogene of Europe, though many of these are likely synonyms.[ 4] [ 4]
Sepia bertii Foresti, 1890 Sepia complanata Bellardi, 1872 Sepia craversii Gastaldi, 1868 Sepia gastaldii Bellardi, 1872 Sepia granosa Bellardi, 1872 Sepia harmati Szörenyi, 1933 Sepia hungarica Lörenthey, 1898 Sepia isseli Bellardi, 1872 Sepia michelotti Gastaldi, 1868 Sepia rugulosa Bellardi, 1872 Sepia stricta Bellardi, 1872 Sepia verrucosa Bellardi, 1872 Sepia vindobonensis Schloenbach, 1869
References
^
Whiteaves, J.F. (1897). "On some remains of a Sepia -like cuttle-fish from the Cretaceous rocks of the south Saskatchewan". The Canadian Record of Science . 7 : 459–462.
^
Hewitt, R.; Pedley, H.M. (1978). "The preservation of the shells of Sepia in the middle Miocene of Malta". Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 89 (3): 227–237. Bibcode :1978PrGA...89..227H . doi :10.1016/S0016-7878(78)80013-3 .
^ Neethiselvan, N.; Venkataramani, V.K. (2010). "A new species of cuttlefish, Sepia vecchioni (Cephalopoda, Sepiidae) from Colachal coast, south India" . Journal of American Science . 6 (4): 12–21. Archived from the original on 20 July 2018. Retrieved 1 May 2018 . ^ a b
Hiden, H.R. (1995). "Sepia vindobonensis (Cephalopoda, Coleoida) aus dem Mittel-Miozän von Retznei (Steiermark, Österreich)" [Sepia vindobonensis (Cephalopoda , Coleoida ) from the middle Miocene of Retznei (Styria , Austria )] (PDF) . Mitteilungen der Abteilung für Geologie und Paläontologie am Landesmuseum Joanneum [Communications from the Department of Geology and Palaeontology of the [Archduke] Johann State Museum] (in German). 52–53: 111–124. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 December 2012. Retrieved 15 November 2012 .
External links
Mangold, Katharina M.; Young, Richard E. (2016) [10 November 2012]. "Sepia " . Tree of Life web project (tolweb.org) . Retrieved 28 August 2023 .
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