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Seine-et-Marne
Seine-et-Marne
Department of France
	Clockwise from top: Palace of Fontainebleau, city centre of Meaux, Vaux-le-Vicomte, Provins
	Flag Coat of arms
	Location of Seine-et-Marne in France
	Coordinates: 48°36′N 03°00′E / 48.600°N 3.000°E
Country	France
Region	Île-de-France
Prefecture	Melun
Subprefectures	Fontainebleau; Meaux; Provins; Torcy
Government
• President of the Departmental Council	Jean-François Parigi
Area 1
• Total	5,915 km2 (2,284 sq mi)
Population (2022)
• Total	1,452,399
• Rank	10th
• Density	250/km2 (640/sq mi)
GDP
• Total	€42.983 billion (2021)
• Per capita	€29,889 (2021)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Department number	77
Arrondissements	5
Cantons	23
Communes	507
	^1 French Land Register data, which exclude estuaries and lakes, ponds and glaciers larger than 1 km2

Seine-et-Marne (French pronunciation: [sɛn e maʁn] ^ⓘ) is a department in the Île-de-France region in Northern France. Named after the rivers Seine and Marne, it is the region's largest department with an area of 5,915 square kilometres (2,284 square miles); it roughly covers its eastern half. In 2019, it had a population of 1,421,197.^[4] Its prefecture is Melun, although both Meaux and Chelles have larger populations.

History

Seine-et-Marne is one of the original 83 departments created on 4 March 1790 during the French Revolution in application of the law of 22 December 1789. It had previously belonged to the former province of Île-de-France. It is the only original departement in the Île-de-France that has remained unchanged, as both Seine and Seine-et-Oise were abolished and reorganised in 1968.

Geography

Situation

Seine-et-Marne forms a part of the Île-de-France region; the department covers 49% of the region's land area. It is bordered by Val-d'Oise, Seine-Saint-Denis, Val-de-Marne, Essonne to the west; Loiret and Yonne to the south; Aube and Marne to the east; and Aisne and Oise to the north. It is served by RER A, RER B, RER D and RER E amongst other services.

Melun is Seine-et-Marne's prefecture. Fontainebleau, Meaux, Provins and Torcy are its subprefectures. The department comprises part of Paris's outer eastern suburbs; much of Charles de Gaulle Airport sits within its far northwestern boundaries, including a majority of the terminals. The department has many natural reserves, notably Brie and Gâtinais. The department's highest point is butte Saint-George (215 m).

Principal towns

The most populous commune is Meaux; the prefecture Melun is the third-most populous. As of 2019, there are 17 communes with more than 20,000 inhabitants. The 10 most populous communes are:^[4]

Commune	Population (2019)
Meaux	55,750
Chelles	55,154
Melun	40,844
Pontault-Combault	37,617
Savigny-le-Temple	29,987
Bussy-Saint-Georges	26,597
Villeparisis	26,580
Champs-sur-Marne	25,654
Roissy-en-Brie	22,851
Dammarie-lès-Lys	22,128

Climate

Seine-et-Marne has a temperate Atlantic climate. The average rainfall is based upon that of Fontainebleau, giving an average rainfall of 650 mm (25.6 in), which is higher than the average of Île-de-France: 600 mm (23.6 in). Average temperature in Melun during the 1953–2002 period was 3.2 °C (37.8 °F) for January and 18.6 °C (65.5 °F) for July.

The storm of 26 December 1999 led to five deaths in Seine-et-Marne and caused several trees to fall.

Demographics

Historical population

Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
1801	299,160	—
1806	304,263	+0.34%
1831	323,881	+0.25%
1841	333,311	+0.29%
1851	345,076	+0.35%
1861	352,312	+0.21%
1872	341,490	−0.28%
1881	348,991	+0.24%
1891	356,747	+0.22%
1901	358,325	+0.04%
1911	363,561	+0.15%
1921	349,234	−0.40%
1931	406,108	+1.52%

Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
1936	409,311	+0.16%
1946	407,137	−0.05%
1954	453,438	+1.36%
1962	524,486	+1.84%
1968	604,340	+2.39%
1975	755,762	+3.25%
1982	887,112	+2.32%
1990	1,078,166	+2.47%
1999	1,197,673	+1.17%
2006	1,273,488	+0.88%
2011	1,338,427	+1.00%
2016	1,397,665	+0.87%

Sources:^[5]^[6]

People from Seine-et-Marne are known as the Seine-et-Marnais.

Originally Seine-et-Marne was very rural and lightly populated. Over the past 50 years, however, its population has tripled, due to the development of the Paris conurbation and the building of new towns in the northwest of the region. The population was estimated to be 1,267,496 inhabitants in 2006. The region has changed from consisting only of small villages to forming a large part of the Paris conurbation.

Seine-et-Marne as a whole shares a sister city relationship with Orlando, Florida, United States, as both host Disney theme parks.

Place of birth of residents of Seine-et-Marne in 1999
Born in metropolitan France	Born outside metropolitan France
86.6%	13.4%
	Born in overseas France	Born in foreign countries with French citizenship at birth¹	EU-15 immigrants²	Non-EU-15 immigrants
	1.4%	2.3%	3.8%	5.9%
¹ This group is made up largely of former French settlers, such as pieds-noirs in Northwest Africa, followed by former colonial citizens who had French citizenship at birth (such as was often the case for the native elite in French colonies), as well as to a lesser extent foreign-born children of French expatriates. A foreign country is understood as a country not part of France in 1999, so a person born for example in 1950 in Algeria, when Algeria was an integral part of France, is nonetheless listed as a person born in a foreign country in French statistics. ² An immigrant is a person born in a foreign country not having French citizenship at birth. An immigrant may have acquired French citizenship since moving to France, but is still considered an immigrant in French statistics. On the other hand, persons born in France with foreign citizenship (the children of immigrants) are not listed as immigrants.

Economy

With 60 percent of the region used as farmland, Seine-et-Marne is where most agricultural activity occurs within Île-de-France. Cereals and sugar beet are the principal exports from Seine-et-Marne.

The other key industrial structures are the refinery at Grandpuits and the Safran Aircraft Engines research plant at Villaroche. The new town of Marne-la-Vallée is the centre of tourism in Seine-et-Marne in terms of number of visitors, mainly due to the Disneyland Park and Walt Disney Studios Park theme parks at Disneyland Paris.

Politics

Presidential elections 2nd round

	Winning Candidate	Party	%	2nd Place Candidate	Party	%
2022	Emmanuel Macron	LREM	56.98	Marine Le Pen	FN	43.02
2017^[7]	Emmanuel Macron	LREM	63.86	Marine Le Pen	FN	36.14
2012	Nicolas Sarkozy	UMP	50.75	François Hollande	PS	49.25
2007	Nicolas Sarkozy	UMP	56.25	Ségolène Royal	PS	43.75
2002^[7]	Jacques Chirac	RPR	80.64	Jean-Marie Le Pen	FN	19.36
1995^[8]	Jacques Chirac	RPR	55.07	Lionel Jospin	PS	44.93

Departmental Council of Seine-et-Marne

The Departmental Council of Seine-et-Marne has 46 seats. Councillors are elected for six-year terms (no term limits) across the department's 23 cantons (two per canton). Since 2021, Jean-François Parigi of The Republicans (LR) has served as President of the Departmental Council.

National representation

In the National Assembly, Seine-et-Marne is represented by:

	Member^[9]	Party
Seine-et-Marne's 1st constituency	Aude Luquet	Democratic Movement
Seine-et-Marne's 2nd constituency	Valérie Lacroute	The Republicans
Seine-et-Marne's 3rd constituency	Jean-Louis Thiériot	Union of Democrats and Independents
Seine-et-Marne's 4th constituency	Christian Jacob	The Republicans
Seine-et-Marne's 5th constituency	Patricia Lemoine	Agir
Seine-et-Marne's 6th constituency	Jean-François Parigi	The Republicans
Seine-et-Marne's 7th constituency	Rodrigue Kokouendo	La République En Marche!
Seine-et-Marne's 8th constituency	Jean-Michel Fauvergue	La République En Marche!
Seine-et-Marne's 9th constituency	Michèle Peyron	La République En Marche!
Seine-et-Marne's 10th constituency	Stéphanie Do	La République En Marche!
Seine-et-Marne's 11th constituency	Olivier Faure	Socialist Party

In the Senate, Seine-et-Marne is represented by:

Anne Chain-Larché (The Republicans), since 2015
Pierre Cuypers (The Republicans), since 2016
Arnaud de Belenet (La République En Marche!), since 2017
Vincent Éblé (Socialist Party), since 2011
Colette Mélot (Agir), since 2004
Claudine Thomas (The Republicans), since 2017

Tourism

Bilboquet rock formation in the forest of Fontainebleau
Throne Room in the Palace of Fontainebleau
Château-Landon
The walls of the medieval city of Provins
Gardens of Vaux-le-Vicomte
Knights Templar's commandry in Coulommiers

Bibliography

Lion, Christian, La Mutuelle de Seine-et-Marne contre l'incendie de 1819 à 1969. Mutualité, assurance et cycles de l'incendie (Bruxelles etc., Peter Lang, 2008).