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Secret of the Incas
Secret of the Incas
	Film poster
Directed by	Jerry Hopper
Written by	Sydney Boehm; Ranald MacDougall
Based on	The Legend of the Incas by Sydney Boehm
Produced by	Mel Epstein
Starring	Charlton Heston; Robert Young; Nicole Maurey; Thomas Mitchell
Cinematography	Lionel Lindon; Irma Roberts
Edited by	Eda Warren
Music by	David Buttolph
Production; company	Paramount Pictures
Distributed by	Paramount Pictures
Release date	June 6, 1954;
Running time	98 minutes
Country	United States
Language	English
Box office	$1.4 million

Secret of the Incas is a 1954 American adventure film directed by Jerry Hopper and starring Charlton Heston as adventurer Harry Steele, on the trail of an ancient Incan artifact. The supporting cast features Robert Young, Nicole Maurey and Thomas Mitchell, as well as a rare film appearance by Peruvian singer Yma Sumac. Shot on location at Machu Picchu in Peru, the film is often credited as the inspiration for Raiders of the Lost Ark.

Plot

American adventurer Harry Steele makes a living as a tour guide in Cusco, Peru but plans to earn his fortune by finding the legendary gold and jeweled "sunburst", a lost Inca treasure, at the ancient capital of Machu Picchu. He possesses a fragment of a carved stone block which gives the location of the sunburst when placed on a stone map of the ancient tomb complex, housed at a local museum. Bar owner Ed Morgan, who is older and feeling his age, has been searching for the treasure for fourteen years and hires a sniper to frighten off Harry. Harry dodges the bullet and threatens Morgan; when the former refuses to sell him the stone, Morgan swears to get even.

Through Morgan, Harry learns that Elena Antonescu, a Romanian defector, may be a prospect for his services. With little money and the police on her trail, she plays on Harry's sympathy by informing him that she is fleeing from Anton Marcu, a Romanian official with a small plane who is pursuing her. Harry uses her situation to his own advantage by informing Marcu of Elena’s whereabouts. Harry ostensibly agrees to help her travel to Mexico so she can then get to America if she helps him steal Marcu’s plane. After getting him drunk so Elena can slip into his room and steal his keys, the pair depart. Without letting Elena know of the change in plan, Harry detours their trip to Machu Picchu. Elena becomes wary of Harry’s intent to fulfill his promise to take her to Mexico, but Harry seduces her into cooperating.

At Machu Picchu, they discover an archaeological expedition headed by Dr. Stanley Moorehead, who is preparing to enter the tomb where the sunburst is presumed to be located. Harry falsely tells Moorehead that their plane needs gas and disables the expedition’s radio to block news of pursuit by the authorities. Elena accuses Harry of dishonesty and expresses disappointment at his plan to steal the sunburst. Morgan arrives and informs Harry that Marcu never reported the plane stolen out of embarrassment, so the authorities are not searching for him. Morgan attempts to coerce Harry into helping him find the treasure, and Harry feigns cooperation.

Elena asks Harry to abandon his plan and leave with her. When Harry refuses, instructing her to keep Moorhead occupied, she disdainfully compares Harry to Morgan, claiming that latter reflects what Harry will be like in a few years. Moorehead becomes infatuated with Elena, and asks her to marry him, offering to take her to America. Although Elena likes Moorehead, she is ambivalent, as she is strongly attracted to Harry even if repelled by his dishonesty. When Elena informs Harry of Moorehead’s proposal, he asserts that she will be bored with Moorehead.

The expedition opens a wall of Manco’s tomb and is disappointed to find a carved stone sunburst. Harry gives Morgan the bad news. Later, believing Morgan asleep, Harry slips away and enters the tomb, using a reflection of light on an artifact to highlight where the sunburst is hidden inside a hollow pillar. Morgan appears and takes the sunburst from Harry at gunpoint, explaining that Harry was too casual breaking the bad news. Morgan flees, pursued by Harry. Trapping Morgan on a cliff edge, the two men wrestle for the treasure and Morgan falls to his death.

Rather than take it for himself, Harry gives the sunburst back to the native locals, who return it ritually to the Temple of the Sun. When Moorehead asks Harry why he brought the sunburst back, Harry says that finding it meant more to him than keeping it. To the authorities, Harry convinces them that Morgan forced him to help steal the sunburst. As Harry and Elena are led away by Colonel Cardoza, Harry says to Elena that unless the colonel is “real friendly”, they may have a long engagement. In the meantime, in place of a ring, Harry gives Elena an ancient gold Incan pin that “fell into his pocket.”

Cast

Charlton Heston as Harry Steele
Robert Young as Stanley Moorhead
Nicole Maurey as Elena Antonescu
Thomas Mitchell as Ed Morgan
Glenda Farrell as Mrs. Winston
Yma Sumac as Kori-Tika
Michael Pate as Pachacutec
Leon Askin as Anton Marcu
William Henry as Phillip Lang
Marion Ross as Miss Morris
Alvy Moore as man in bar

Production

The film was originally known as Legend of the Incas. Paramount announced it as part of their 1953 slate in July 1952.^[2] Adventure films set outside America were popular in Hollywood at the time; producer Mel Epstein says that Paramount decided to make this film mostly because there had not been one shot in Peru before.^[3]

Wendell Corey was originally announced as the leading star.^[4] In July 1953 Paramount took over Hal B. Wallis' contract with Charlton Heston and announced he would make the film after he finished The Naked Jungle.^[5]

Secret of the Incas was filmed on location in Peru at Cuzco and Machu Picchu, the first time that a major Hollywood studio filmed at this archeological site. A sixteen-person unit, including Heston, producer Mel Epstein and director Jerry Hopper, spent a month filming footage in Peru in 1953.^[6]

Five hundred indigenous people were used as extras.^[6]^[7]

The film also featured the Peruvian singer Yma Sumac as Kori-Tica.^[8]

The female lead was to have been played by Viveca Lindfors. However, after the positive response to Nicole Maurey's performance in Little Boy Lost Paramount gave her the role.^[9] Thomas Mitchell was signed to play the villain.^[10]

Studio filming started in October 1953.^[11] Shortly beforehand, Wendell Corey dropped out of the film.^[12] He was replaced by Robert Young.^[13] Filming ended on 22 November.^[14]

The film caused a surge in tourism to Peru in 1954.^{[citation needed]}

Influence on Raiders of the Lost Ark

The film is often cited by film buffs as a direct inspiration for the Indiana Jones film franchise, with many of the scenes in Raiders of the Lost Ark bearing a striking resemblance in tone and structure to scenes in Secret of the Incas. Throughout Secret of the Incas, the main character, Harry Steele, can be seen wearing what would later become known as the "Indiana Jones" outfit: brown leather jacket, fedora, tan pants, an over-the-shoulder bag, and revolver.^[15] The character also sometimes wears a light beard, unusual for films of its time, and there is a tomb scene involving a revelatory shaft of light similar to the "Map Room" sequence in Raiders.

Raiders' costume designer Deborah Nadoolman Landis noted that the inspiration for Indiana's costume was Charlton Heston's Harry Steele in Secret of the Incas: "We did watch this film together as a crew several times, and I always thought it strange that the filmmakers did not credit it later as the inspiration for the series" and quipped that the film is "almost a shot for shot Raiders of the Lost Ark."^[16]

Other media

On December 14, 1954, Charlton Heston and Nicole Maurey reprised their roles in a Lux Radio Theater version of Secret of the Incas.^[17]

References

^ "1954 Box Office Champs". Variety Weekly. January 5, 1955. p. 59. - figures are rentals in the US and Canada
^ "Paramount to produce 25 films in 1953". Los Angeles Times. July 30, 1952. ProQuest 166376500.
^ D. M. Richard (December 8, 1953). "Filming inca story in Peru". The Christian Science Monitor. ProQuest 508902654.
^ Thomas M. Pryor (June 5, 1953). "4 Stars Get Roles in New Metro Film". The New York Times. ProQuest 112818821.
^ Thomas M. Pryor (July 3, 1953). "March to Appear in Big Metro Film". The New York Times. ProQuest 112782294.
^ ^a ^b WILLIAM, H. B.,Jr. (July 12, 1953). "HOLLYWOOD DIGEST". New York Times. ProQuest 112572771.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Production Notes – Secret Of The Incas @ TCM Database Archived June 6, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
^ Thomas M. Pryor (August 7, 1953). "Metro to Stress Big-Budget Films". The New York Times. ProQuest 112623629.
^ Thomas M. Pryor (September 25, 1953). "Nicolle Maurey Set to Star in Movie". The New York Times. ProQuest 112763659.
^ Thomas M. Pryor (October 17, 1953). "Gary Cooper Takes 'Vera Cuz' Role". The New York Times. ProQuest 112752229.
^ E. Schallert (August 4, 1953). "Mason again to star for mankiewicz; model scripts for rossellini". Los Angeles Times. ProQuest 166529265.
^ Thomas M. Pryor (October 23, 1953). "Warners Adopts Fox Film Process". The New York Times. ProQuest 112744637.
^ E. Schallert (October 26, 1953). "Drama". Los Angeles Times. ProQuest 166512293.
^ Thomas M. Pryor (November 21, 1953). "Columbia Musical Ready for Camera". The New York Times. ProQuest 112739405.
^ "The Secret of the Incas". TheRaider.net. Archived from the original on August 24, 2006.
^ Mike French & Gilles Verschuere (September 14, 2005). "Debora Nadoolman interview". TheRaider.net. Archived from the original on March 27, 2014. Retrieved April 7, 2008.
^ "Secret of the Incas". Lux Radio Theater. December 14, 1954 – via Internet Archive.