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*Scythian Suite*
Scythian Suite
Orchestral suite by Sergei Prokofiev
	Sergei Prokofiev in 1918
Opus	20
Composed	1915
Movements	Four
Scoring	Orchestra
Premiere
Date	16 January 1916
Location	St. Petersburg
Conductor	Sergei Prokofiev

The Scythian Suite, Op. 20 is an orchestral suite by Sergei Prokofiev written in 1915.

Background

Prokofiev originally wrote the music for the ballet Ala i Lolli, the story of which takes place among the Scythians. Commissioned by Sergei Diaghilev, the ballet was written to a scenario by Russian poet Sergey Gorodetsky.^[1]^[2] But when Diaghilev rejected the score even before its completion,^[3] the composer reworked the music into a suite for concert performance.^[4]

The suite was premiered on 16/29 January 1916 at the Mariinsky Theatre in St. Petersburg, conducted by the composer.^[5]

A scheduled Moscow performance of the suite that December was cancelled at the last minute due to the difficulty of finding musicians to play the piece;^[6] it called for an enlarged orchestra and, as many performers had been mobilized due to World War I, enough players could not be found. Nevertheless, the Moscow music critic Leonid Sabaneyev gave the music a scathing review.^[7] Prokofiev responded that the supposed performance must have been a product of Sabaneyev's imagination, as the only copy of the score was in the composer's hands and thus he had not even been able to see it.

Movements

The suite is in four movements and lasts around 20 minutes.

Invocation to Veles and Ala – barbaric and colorful music describing the Scythians' invocation of the sun
The Evil God and the Dance of the Pagan Monsters (also known as "The Alien God and the Dance of the Evil Spirits"^[8]) – as the Scythians make a sacrifice to Ala, daughter of Veles, the Evil God performs a violent dance surrounded by seven monsters
Night – the Evil God harms Ala; the Moon Maidens descend to console her
The Glorious Departure of Lolli and the Cortège of the Sun – Lolli, the hero, comes to save Ala; the Sun God assists him in defeating the Evil God. They are victorious, and the suite ends with a musical picture of the sunrise

Instrumentation

The music is scored for a large orchestra:

Woodwinds: Piccolo; 3 Flutes (3rd doubling Alto flute); 3 Oboes; Cor anglais; 3 Clarinets (3rd doubling E♭ clarinet); Bass clarinet; 3 Bassoons; Contrabassoon

Brass: 8 Horns; 4 (optionally 5) Trumpets (3rd doubling E♭ trumpet); 4 Trombones; Tuba

Percussion: Timpani

2 Cymbals

Keyboards: Celesta; Piano

Strings: 2 Harps; Violins I, II; Violas; Cellos; Double basses

Adaptations

The Bermuda Triangle (1978) is an electronic adaptation by Isao Tomita that includes the first movement (The Adoration of Veles and Ala) of the Scythian Suite.^[9]

The track "The Enemy God Dances with the Black Spirits" on Works Volume 1 by progressive rock group Emerson, Lake & Palmer is an arrangement of the second movement.

The San Francisco Symphony Orchestra, conducted by Michael Tilson Thomas, performed the piece during Metallica's S&M2 concerts at Chase Center, San Francisco on September 6 and 8, 2019.

Notes

^ Sleeve note of the CD (RADIOSERVIS CR0360-2)
^ Prokofiev, Sergei. "Autobiography" in Soviet Diary 1927 and Other Writings: p. 249-50.
^ Prokofiev "Autobiography": p. 251
^ Prokofiev "Autobiography": p. 252-53
^ Prokofiev Diaries 1915-1923: p. 74
^ Prokofiev Diaries 1915-1923: p. 172
^ Prokofiev "Autobiography": p. 256-57
^ "Prokofiev: Symphony 5, Ala and Lolly". Amazon.
^ Staff (1979). "Tomita: The Bermuda Triangle (1978)". IsaoTomita.net. Archived from the original on October 17, 2003. Retrieved March 10, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)

References

David Ewen. Encyclopedia of Concert Music. New York: Hill and Wang, 1959.
Nicolas Slonimsky. Slonimsky's Book of Musical Anecdotes. New York: Schirmer Books, 1998.
Sergei Prokofiev. Soviet Diary 1927 and Other Writings. London: Faber, 1991.
Sergei Prokofiev. Diaries 1915-1923: Behind the Mask, trans. Anthony Phillips. London: Faber, 2008.