Satellite and Cable Directive

Directive 93/83/EEC
European Union directive
TitleDirective on the coordination of certain rules concerning copyright and rights related to copyright applicable to satellite broadcasting and cable retransmission
Made byCouncil of the European Union
Made underArts. 57(2), 66 & 100a
Journal referenceL248, 1993-10-06, pp. 15–21
History
Date made27 September 1993
Entry into force6 October 1993
Implementation date1 January 1995
Preparative texts
Commission proposalC255, 1991-10-01, p. 3
C25, 1993-01-28, p. 43
EESC opinionC98, 1992-04-21, p. 44
EP opinionC305, 1992-11-23, p. 129
Reports 
Other legislation
Replaces—
Amends—
Amended byDirective 2019/789 of 17 April 2019
Replaced by—
Current legislation

The Satellite and Cable Directive (frequently shortened to SatCab Directive[1]), formally the Council Directive 93/83/EEC of 27 September 1993 on the coordination of certain rules concerning copyright and rights related to copyright applicable to satellite broadcasting and cable retransmission, is a European Union directive that governs the application of copyright and related rights to satellite and cable television in the European Union. It was made under the internal market provisions of the Treaty of Rome.

Satellite broadcasting

An author has the exclusive right to authorise or prohibit the broadcasting of his or her works by satellite (Art. 2). This right may only be subject to a compulsory licensing scheme when the satellite broadcast is simultaneous with a terrestrial broadcast [Art. 3(2)]. Satellite broadcasting is assimilated to terrestrial broadcasting for the purposes of related rights (rights of performers, phonogram producers and broadcasting organisations) (Art. 4): the protection of these rights is governed by Directive 92/100/EEC.[2]

Cable retransmission

The main effect of the Directive is to stipulate that cable retransmission must be on the basis of contractual, not statutory, licences with copyright holders, although existing statutory licence schemes were permitted to remain in force until the end of 1997 (Art. 8). These licences may only be granted or refused by collecting societies [Art. 9(1)], which effectively makes such societies compulsory: a collecting society may be deemed to be mandated to manage the cable retransmission rights of a copyright holder in the absence of any expressive agreement [Art. 9(2)]. Broadcasting organisations are free to exercise their own related rights to license or prohibit the cable retransmission of their own broadcasts (Art. 10). The Directive also provides for mediation in disputes between cable operators and collecting societies (Art. 11) and for measures to prevent abuse of monopoly powers (Art. 12).

Implementation

Implementation of the Directive by Member States
Austria Austria Urheberrechtsgesetznovelle 1996 No. 151
Belgium Belgium Loi du 30 juin 1994 relative au droit d'auteur et aux droits voisins, chapter III
Bulgaria Bulgaria unknown
Cyprus Cyprus unknown
Czech Republic Czech Republic Law No. 121/2000 Coll. of 7 April 2000 on Copyright, Rights Related to Copyright and on the Amendment of Certain Laws
Denmark Denmark Act on Copyright 1995 No. 395
Estonia Estonia unknown
Finland Finland unknown
France France Loi no 97-283 du 27 mars 1997 portant transposition dans le code de la propriété intellectuelle des directives du Conseil des Communautés européennes nos 93/83 du 27 septembre 1993 et 93/98 du 29 octobre 1993
Germany Germany Law of 08.05.1998
Greece Greece Law No. 2557/1997, Official Journal A271/1997
Hungary Hungary unknown
Republic of Ireland Ireland unknown
Italy Italy Decreto legislativo del 23/10/1996 n. 581, attuazione della direttiva 93/83/CEE per il coordinamento di alcune norme in materia di diritto d'autore e diritti connessi applicabili alla radiodiffusione e alla ritrasmissione via cavo, Gazzetta Ufficiale
Latvia Latvia Autortiesību likums (2000-04-06)
Lithuania Lithuania Autorių teisių ir gretutinių teisių įstatimas N. VIII-1185 (1999-05-18)
Luxembourg Luxembourg Loi du 8 septembre 1997
Malta Malta Copyright Act, 2000
Netherlands Netherlands unknown
Poland Poland unknown
Portugal Portugal Decreto-Lei n. 333/97, de 27 de Novembro de 1997
Romania Romania unknown
Slovakia Slovakia Copyright Act of 1997-12-05 (No. 383/1997)
Slovenia Slovenia Zakon o avtorskih in sorodnih pravicah (1995-03-30)
Spain Spain Ley 28/1995, de 11 de octubre, de incorporación al Derecho español de la Directiva 93/83/CEE, del Consejo, de 27 de septiembre, sobre coordinación de determinadas disposiciones relativas a los derechos de autor y derechos afines a los derechos de autor en el ámbito de la radiodifusión vía satélite y de la distribución por cable
Sweden Sweden unknown
United Kingdom United Kingdom Copyright and Related Rights Regulations 1996 No. 2967

See also

Notes and references

  1. ^ See eg Hugenholtz 2009, p. 7; Schulte zu Sundern 2019, p. 453
  2. ^ Council Directive 92/100/EEC of 19 November 1992 on rental right and lending right and on certain rights related to copyright in the field of intellectual property, OJ no. L346 of 1992-11-27, p. 61.

Literature

  • Auer, Günter (1997), "Die Umsetzung urheberrechtlicher Richtlinien am Beispiel der Satellitenrichtlinie", in Dittrich, Robert (ed.), Beiträge zum Urheberrecht V, Wien: Manz, pp. 19–40, ISBN 3-214-07718-X
  • Castendyk, Oliver; Albrecht, Martin von (1992), "Der Richtlinienvorschlag der EG-Kommission zum Satellitenfernsehen: Eine Stellungnahme aus der Sicht der Praxis", Gewerblicher Rechtsschutz und Urheberrecht, Internationaler Teil, 41 (10): 734–739
  • Cohen Jehoram, Herman (1994), "The EC Copyright Directives, Economics and Authors' Rights", International Review of Intellectual Property and Competition Law, 25 (6): 821–839
  • Desurmont, Thierry (1993), "Chronique de la Communauté Européenne", Revue internationale du droit d'auteur (RIDA), 155: 88–161
  • Dreier, Thomas (2010), "Satellite and Cable Directive", in Walter, Michel M.; Lewinski, Silke von (eds.), European Copyright Law: A Commentary, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 391–498, ISBN 978-0-19-922732-7
  • Dreier, Thomas (1996), "The Cable and Satellite Analogy", in Hugenholtz, P. Bernt (ed.), The Future of Copyright in a Digital Environment: Proceedings of the Royal Academy Colloquium (Amsterdam, 6–7 July 1995), Den Haag: Kluwer, pp. 57–65, ISBN 90-411-0267-1
  • Dreier, Thomas (1991), "Broadcasting and copyright in the internal market: the new proposal by the EC Commission concerning cable and satellite broadcasts", European Intellectual Property Review (EIPR), 13 (2): 42–46
  • Hugenholtz, P. Bernt (2016), "Council Directive 93/83/EC (Satellite and Cable Directive)", in Dreier, Thomas; Hugenholtz, P. Bernt (eds.), Concise European Copyright Law (2nd ed.), Alphen aan den Rijn: Kluwer, pp. 309–334, ISBN 978-90-411-2879-9
  • Hugenholtz, P. Bernt (2016), "Making the Digital Single Market Work for Copyright: Extending the Satellite & Cable Directive to content services on line", in Franzosi, Mario; Pollicino, Oreste; Campus, Gianluca (eds.), The Digital Single Market Copyright: Internet and Copyright Law in the European Perspective: Conference proceedings, Milan, 4–5 November 2015, Ariccia: Aracne, pp. 51–65, ISBN 978-88-548-9441-9
  • Hugenholtz, P. Bernt (2009), "SatCab Revisited: The Past, Present and Future of the Satellite and Cable Directive", in European Audiovisual Observatory (ed.), Convergence, Copyrights and Transfrontier Television, Strasbourg, pp. 7–19{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Kern, Philippe (1993), "The EC "common position" on copyright applicable to satellite broadcasting and cable retransmission", European Intellectual Property Review (EIPR), 15 (8): 276–283
  • Khan, Bryan (2023), "Copyright in Broadcast Transmissions and the Investment-Protection Rationale", in Bonadio, Enrico; Goold, Patrick (eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of Investment-Driven Intellectual Property, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 203–226, ISBN 978-1-108-83919-8
  • Lund, Astri M. (1997), "Satellittoverføring av fjernsyns- og radioprogram", in Hagstrøm, Viggo; Lødrup, Peter; Aarbakke, Magnus (eds.), Ånd og rett: Festskrift til Birger Stuevold Lassen på 70-årsdagen 19. august 1997, Oslo: Universitetsforlaget, pp. 695–714, ISBN 82-00-12697-8
  • McKnight, Elizabeth (1995), "Exclusive licensing of television programmes: the Cable and Satellite Directive", Entertainment Law Review, 6 (7): 287–291
  • Pichler, Marie-Helen (1994), "EG-Richtlinie über Urheberrecht, Satellitenrundfunk und Kabelweiterverbreitung vom 27. September 1993", Medien und Recht (MR), 12 (2): 54–56
  • Rosén, Jan (2021), "The Satellite and Cable Directive", in Stamatoudi, Irini; Torremans, Paul (eds.), EU Copyright Law: A Commentary (2nd ed.), Cheltenham: Elgar, pp. 151–179, ISBN 978-1-78643-779-2
  • Schulte zu Sundern, Friederike (2019), "Die Aktualisierung der SatCab-RL und ihre Umsetzung in nationales Recht: Ein erster Überblick", Zeitschrift für Geistiges Eigentum, 11 (4): 452–484, doi:10.1628/zge-2019-0028, S2CID 239369967
  • Ullrich, Jan N. (2009), Urheberrecht und Satellitenrundfunk: Kollisionsrecht und materielles Recht, Berlin: Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, ISBN 978-3-8305-1693-4