On October 4, 2023, President Joe Biden nominated Russell to serve as a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut.[3] President Biden nominated Russell to the seat vacated by Judge Sarah A. L. Merriam, who was elevated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit on September 28, 2022.[5] On November 1, 2023, a hearing on her nomination was held before the Senate Judiciary Committee.[6] During her confirmation hearing, she was questioned over a letter she had signed in March 2020 urging Connecticut's governor to free people from the state's prisons and declare a moratorium on incarcerating anyone else due to COVID-19. Russell did not include the letter in background materials she compiled for the committee.[7] On November 30, 2023, her nomination was reported out of committee by a party line 11–10 vote.[8] On January 3, 2024, her nomination was returned to the president under Rule XXXI, Paragraph 6 of the United States Senate[9] and she was renominated on January 8, 2024.[10] On January 18, 2024, her nomination was reported out of committee by an 11–10 party-line vote.[11][12] On November 19, 2024, the Senate invoked cloture on her nomination by a 50–45 vote, with Senator Joe Manchin voting against the motion.[13] Later that day, her nomination was confirmed by a 50–44 vote, with Senator Manchin voting against confirmation.[14] She received her judicial commission on November 26, 2024.[15] She was sworn in on December 20, 2024.[16]