Saccharum
Genus of grasses
Saccharum genus of tall perennial plants of the broomsedge tribe within the grass family .[ 5]
The genus is widespread across tropical , subtropical , and warm temperate regions in Africa , Eurasia , Australia , the Americas , and assorted oceanic islands. Several species are cultivated and naturalized in areas outside their native habitats.[ 6] [ 7] [ 8] [ 9] [ 10] [ 11] [ 12] [ 13]
Saccharum includes the sugarcanes . They have stout, jointed, fibrous stalks that are generally rich in sugar , and measure two to six m (6 to 19 ft) tall. All sugarcane species interbreed and the major commercial cultivars are complex hybrids .
Species
As of September 2021[update] Plants of the World Online accepted the following species:[ 4]
Saccharum alopecuroidum (L.) Nutt. - southeastern USASaccharum angustifolium (Nees) Trin. - South AmericaSaccharum asperum (Nees) Steud. - South AmericaSaccharum baldwinii Spreng. - southeastern USASaccharum beccarii (Stapf) Cope - SumatraSaccharum brevibarbe (Michx.) Pers. - southeastern USASaccharum coarctatum (Fern.) R. Webster - southeastern USASaccharum contortum (Baldwin ex Elliott) Nutt. - southeastern USASaccharum fallax Balansa - China, Assam, southeast AsiaSaccharum filifolium Steud. - Afghanistan, HimalayasSaccharum formosanum (Stapf) Ohwi - southern ChinaSaccharum giganteum (Walt.) Pers. - southeastern USA, Cuba, Jamaica, Paraguay, ArgentinaSaccharum griffithii Munro ex Aitch. - from Yemen to BangladeshSaccharum intermedium Welker & Peichoto Saccharum kajkaiense (Melderis) Melderis - Oman, Iran, Afghanistan, PakistanSaccharum longesetosum (Andersson) V.Naray. ex Bor - China, Himalayas, IndochinaSaccharum maximum (Brongn.) Trin. - Pacific IslandsSaccharum narenga (Nees ex Steud.) Hack. - China, Indian Subcontinent, Indochina, EthiopiaSaccharum officinarum L. - New Guinea; naturalized in many warm placesSaccharum robustum Brandes & Jesw. ex Grassl - New GuineaSaccharum rufipilum Steud. - China, Indian Subcontinent, IndochinaSaccharum sikkimense Hook.f.) V.Naray. ex Bor - eastern HimalayasSaccharum × sinense Roxb. – ChinaSaccharum spontaneum L. - Asia, Africa, Sicily, PapuasiaSaccharum stewartii Rajesw., R.R.Rao & Arti Garg - western HimalayasSaccharum velutinum (Holttum) Cope - Peninsular MalaysiaSaccharum villosum Steud. - South America, MesoamericaSaccharum wardii (Bor) Bor ex Cope - Assam, Bhutan, MyanmarSaccharum williamsii (Bor) Bor ex Cope - NepalPlaced in Lasiorhachis [update] [ 14]
Placed in Tripidium [update] [ 15]
Numerous species are now considered better suited in other genera: Andropogon , Chloris , Digitaria , Eriochrysis , Eulalia , Gynerium , Hemarthria , Imperata , Lophopogon , Melinis , Miscanthus , Panicum , Pappophorum , Paspalum , Perotis , Pogonatherum , Pseudopogonatherum , Spodiopogon , and Tricholaena [ 6]
See also
References
^ lectotype designated by Hitchcock, Prop. Brit. Bot. 119 (1929)
^ Tropicos, Saccharum L. ^ 1897 illustration from Franz Eugen Köhler, Köhler's Medizinal-Pflanzen
^ a b "Saccharum L." . Plants of the World Online Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 2021-09-05 .^ Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753. Species Plantarum 1: 54 in Latin^ a b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families ^ Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 576 甘蔗属 gan zhe shu Saccharum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 54. 1753. ^ Flora of Pakistan, Saccharum Linn., Sp. Pl. 1: 54. 1753. Gen. Pl., ed. 5; 28.1754 ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps ^ Catasus Guerra, L. 1997. Las gramíneas (Poaceae) de Cuba, I. Fontqueria 46: [i–ii], 1–259.
^ Davidse, G. & R. W. Pohl. 1994. 146. Saccharum L. 6: 378–379. In G. Davidse, M. Sousa Sánchez & A.O. Chater (eds.) Flora Mesoamericana. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
^ Phillips, S. 1995. Poaceae (Gramineae). Flora of Ethiopia 7: i–xx, 1–420.
^ Welker, C. A. D. & H. M. Longhi-Wagner. 2012. The genera Eriochrysis P. Beauv., Imperata Cirillo and Saccharum L. (Poaceae - Andropogoneae - Saccharinae) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Botany 35(1): 87–105.
^ "Lasiorhachis (Hack.) Stapf" . Plants of the World Online Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 2021-09-05 .^ "Tripidium H.Scholz" . Plants of the World Online Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 2021-09-04 .
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