Sabina Shoal

Sabina Shoal
Disputed atoll
Sabina Shoal
Sabina Shoal is located in Spratly Islands
Sabina Shoal
Sabina Shoal
Other namesBãi Sa Bin (Vietnamese)
Buhanginan ng Escoda (Filipino)
Escoda Shoal (Philippine English)
仙賓礁 / 仙宾礁 Xiānbīn Jiāo (Chinese)
Geography
LocationSouth China Sea
Coordinates9°45′N 116°28′E / 9.750°N 116.467°E / 9.750; 116.467 (Sabina Shoal)
ArchipelagoSpratly Islands
Claimed by
 China
 Philippines
 Taiwan
 Vietnam

Sabina Shoal, also known as Bãi Sa Bin (Vietnamese: Bãi Sa Bin); Escoda Shoal (Filipino: Buhanginan ng Escoda); Xianbin Jiao (Chinese: 仙賓礁/仙宾礁; pinyin: Xiānbīn Jiāo), is a disputed low-tide elevation[1][2] atoll[3] located in the northeast of Dangerous Ground in the Spratly Islands, South China Sea.

It is claimed by China, the Philippines, Taiwan and Vietnam. These countries claim the Spratly Islands either in part or their entirety.[4]

The shoal lies within the exclusive economic zone of the Philippines. The EEZ itself does not grant the actual sovereignty except certain exclusive rights and jurisdictions to the Philippines under UNCLOS.[5]

Other names

The US BGN Advisory Committee on Undersea Features (ACUF) database also documents other names as French: Banc Sabina, Malay: Beting Sabina and alternative Chinese names as Hsien-pin An-sha, Xianbin Ansha, Yulin, 仙濱暗沙, 鱼鳞.[6]

Geography

Sabina Shoal is part of the Spratly Islands in the South China Sea. It lies in position 09° 45' N 116° 28' E,[7] 75 nautical miles from Palawan Island and lies within the 200-nautical mile exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of the Philippines.[8][9] It is situated 56 nautical miles southwest of Carnatic Shoal, with two main parts and an area of 115 square kilometres (44 sq mi).

The eastern half of Sabina Shoal consists of reefs awash, while the western half consists of banks 3.7 to 8.3 metres (12 to 27 feet) deep, and reefs enclosing a lagoon.[10]

Sovereignty and sovereign rights

Main articles: Exclusive economic zone, UNCLOS, and Spratly Islands dispute
Graphic definition of sea areas (top down view)

Sabina Shoal is a disputed low-tide elevation[1][2] in the Spratly Islands which is claimed by multiple states: China, the Philippines, Taiwan and Vietnam. As a low-tide elevation that is not within the territorial sea of a littoral state, Sabina Shoal itself does not generate any territorial sea of its own per Article 13 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).[11]

There is a distinction between sovereignty and sovereign rights according to international maritime law.[12][13] Determining sovereignty of disputed features is beyond the jurisdiction of UNCLOS according to Professor Robert Beckman of Nanyang Technological University.[14] The 2016 South China Sea Arbitration by the arbitral tribunal at Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague stated that it was not empowered to address the question of sovereignty over the Spratly Islands.[15][16] The ruling did address specific issues brought to it which included where the Philippines' sovereign rights in its exclusive economic zone had been breached by others.[16] While Sabina Shoal was not specifically mentioned in the 2016 PCA ruling,[15] the ruling was a landmark decision which affirmed the rights of the Philippines over the waters surrounding the shoal.[17][18][better source needed]

The Philippines as the coastal state has the sovereign rights to explore, manage, and conserve the natural resources of the sea within its EEZ according to UNCLOS.[19][20] It also has jurisdiction on "the establishment and use of artificial islands, installations and structures; marine scientific research; and the protection and preservation of the marine environment" according to the same.[5]

While China does not claim all waters within its nine-dash line as its internal waters and territorial sea,[21] its actions near Sabina Shoal, has resulted in commentators implying this applies.[22] The 2016 arbitral tribunal ruled that China has no legal basis for claims of historic rights with respect to maritime area (surrounding sea area) claims within its nine-dash line.[23][24] China rejected the ruling as "ill-founded", and said its territorial sovereignty and marine rights in South China Sea would not be affected by the ruling.[25]

Incidents

In 1995, soon after occupying Mischief Reef, China (PRC) installed three buoys near Sabina Shoal. They were confiscated by the Philippines.[26]

On April 27, 2021, during a joint maritime patrol operations of the Philippine Coast Guard (PCG) and Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) in the area, seven Chinese maritime militia vessels were spotted anchored at the atoll. After several challenges from BRP Cabra of the PCG, the militia vessels left the area.[27][28]

Alleging reclamation activities by China, the PCG stationed the BRP Teresa Magbanua at Sabina Shoal in April 2024. China responded by deploying its 12,000-ton 165 meter Coast Guard ship which is nicknamed "The Monster" because of its size.[29]

On the Independence Day of the Philippines in 2024, Rear Admiral Armando Balilo of the PCG, aboard BRP Teresa Magbanua in that part of the South China Sea called by the Philippines the West Philippine Sea, held a flag-raising ceremony claiming Sabina Shoal for the Philippines.[30] China responded with a vow to take "strong measures" against the Philippines.[31]

Up to 71 Coast Guard ships and other vessels from China were seen at Sabina Shoal from August 27 to September 2, 2024.[32]

Ramming incidents

On August 19, 2024, Philippine Coast Guard vessels BRP Cape Engaño along with the BRP Bagacay suffered damage after being rammed by China Coast Guard (CCG) ships off Sabina Shoal. Bagacay suffered a 3-foot hole above the waterline.[33] A 60 Minutes crew with journalist Cecilia Vega were on board the Cape Engaño when it was surrounded by 14 Chinese Coast Guard and Maritime Militia ships and rammed at 4am by a CCG vessel. The ramming tore a 3 1/2 foot hole above the waterline on the Cape Engaño.[34]

China Coast Guard vessel 21555 turning and ramming BRP Datu Sanday on August 25, 2024, near Sabina Shoal

The day after a clash between the two coast guards near the shoal on August 19, 2024, the Philippine government stated it was examining expanding the provisional agreement that had been established to de-escalate tensions near the Second Thomas Shoal to other areas.[35]

On August 25, 2024, the Philippine Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) vessel BRP Datu Sanday was surrounded by at least 8 Chinese vessels including the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) ship 626, multiple China Coast Guard cutters, and two tugboats.[36][37][38][better source needed] Philippine officials said the Datu Sanday was on a "humanitarian mission"; the vessel is traditionally used to resupply fishing crews.[33] It was rammed and suffered engine failure after being doused by water cannons from the Chinese vessels. China Coast Guard spokesperson Gan Yu accused the Philippine vessel of intentionally colliding with their ship, but a video released by the Philippine Coast Guard showed the Chinese Coast Guard vessel 21555 ramming the Datu Sanday.[39]

China Coast Guard vessel 5205 ramming BRP Teresa Magbanua on August 31, 2024, in Sabina Shoal

On August 31, 2024, PCG Commodore Jay Tarriela said China Coast Guard vessel 5205 rammed the port bow of the PCG patrol ship BRP Teresa Magbanua, then turned around and struck its starboard quarter, turned around once more and struck its port bow again.[40][18] Tarriela released video footage of the incident showing the damage to the Philippine ship, including a man-sized hole on the freeboard, as well as dents, deformed railings, and waterlogged equipment.[41] China Coast Guard said it was conducting enforcement against the Teresa Magbanua in "China's Xianbin Reef" and despite warnings "the Philippine ship 9701 deliberately collided with the Chinese ship 5205."[42]

The United States, Japan, Taiwan, Australia, and the European Union condemned China's actions of repeatedly ramming the Teresa Magbanua, demanding that China stop its aggression.[43][44] This was the fifth incident since the breakdown of a June provisional agreement between China and the Philippines.[33]

On September 15 the Teresa Magbanua arrived at the Philippines with four soldiers suffering from dehydration due to China's prolonged blockade attempt.[45] China said it may tow the Philippine vessel away if it is anchored at the Sabina Shoal again, although such an attempt can be challenging due to Teresa Magbanua's size and the risk of drawing the United States into the conflict.[36]

Environmental destruction

Philippine Coast Guard examining crushed dead corals dumped in Sabina Shoal

In September 2023, the Philippine Coast Guard reported "massive damage" to the marine environment and coral reef in Sabina Shoal.[46] It suggested that the destruction may have been the result of dumping, illegal fishing, and land reclamation efforts (also known as China's Great Wall of Sand) by the Chinese maritime militia.[47][4]

China said there was no scientific or factual basis for the claims made by the Philippines. It claimed that the PCG ship (BRP Teresa Magbanua) which had been anchored at the shoal in April 2024[29] had caused continuous damage to the surrounding natural environment.[48]

References

  1. ^ a b Maitem, Jeoffrey (7 Aug 2024). "South China Sea: Sabina Shoal may be new hotspot as Philippines, Beijing spar over sovereignty". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 23 September 2024. Manila has had the BRP Teresa Magbanua deployed to the shoal – a low-tide elevation feature that is part of the Spratly Islands
  2. ^ a b "Rocks, Reefs, Submerged Shoals – Who Claims Or Occupies Them?". Asia Maritime Transparency Initiative. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
  3. ^ Gan, Nectar (August 27, 2024). "A dangerous new flashpoint is fast emerging in the South China Sea". CNN.
  4. ^ a b "Manila accuses Beijing of island building in South China Sea". RFA.
  5. ^ a b "PREAMBLE TO THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON THE LAW OF THE SEA". United Nations. United Nations. Retrieved September 22, 2024.
  6. ^ "Geographic Names Server (GNS) database". Springfield, Virginia, USA: National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. Retrieved September 11, 2024.
  7. ^ D.J Hancox; John Prescott. A Geographical Description of the Spratly Islands. UK: International Boundaries Research Unit. p. 28.
  8. ^ "Philippines condemns latest China Coast Guard aggression". Presidential Communications Office. August 31, 2024.
  9. ^ "Philippines to Take Steps to Prevent Chinese Reclamation in South China Sea". The Diplomat.
  10. ^ Admiralty Sailing Directions - South China Sea. Taunton: UKHO - United Kingdom Hydrographic Office. 2004. p. 64.
  11. ^ "United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea". United Nations. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
  12. ^ Basu, Pratnashree (August 14, 2023). "Sovereignty Vs. Sovereign Rights: De-escalating Tensions in the South China Sea". Observer Research Foundation.
  13. ^ Alfarsi, Haroun (April 27, 2024). "Sea Dispute: Sovereignty vs. Sovereign Rights". Profolus.
  14. ^ Ho, Andrea (2021-05-06). "Professor Robert Beckman on the Role of UNCLOS in Maritime Disputes". Georgetown Journal of International Affairs. Retrieved 2024-07-09.
  15. ^ a b Mensah, Thomas A. "The South China Sea Arbitration Award of 12 July 2016". PCA Cases. Permanent Court of Arbitration. Retrieved September 29, 2024.
  16. ^ a b "Award on Jurisdiction and Admissibility". Permanent Court of Arbitration. 29 October 2015. Archived from the original on 3 May 2022. Retrieved 30 January 2022.
  17. ^ "AnalysisThe Geostrategic Significance of Sabina Shoal: A Flashpoint in the South China Sea Dispute". The Pacific Report. Retrieved September 29, 2024.
  18. ^ a b Seidel, Jamie (September 5, 2024). "New 'firestorm' erupts between China and Philippines in South China Sea". News.com.au.
  19. ^ Powell, Ray (November 19, 2023). "Chinese ships return to Sabina Shoal". SeaLight.
  20. ^ Gutierrez, Jason (September 16, 2024). "Philippines says it did not surrender Sabina Shoal to China". Radio Free Asia.
  21. ^ "Wang Yi Laid Out Three Basic Facts of the Issue of the South China Sea". Kuwait: Chinese Embassy. September 9, 2020. Retrieved September 26, 2024.
  22. ^ Zhang, Anson (October 24, 2023). "Why does China claim almost the entire South China Sea?". Al-Jazeera.
  23. ^ "'No legal basis' for China's South China Sea claims". Al-Jazeera. July 13, 2016.
  24. ^ Wang, Zheng (July 11, 2016). "China and UNCLOS: An Inconvenient History". The Diplomat.
  25. ^ "Beijing rejects tribunal's ruling in South China Sea case". The Guardian. 12 Jul 2016.
  26. ^ Bondoc, Jarius (16 April 2012). "China out to grab Zambales shoal". Philippine Star. Retrieved 23 May 2014. (Zambales Shoal is also known as Scarborough Shoal.)
  27. ^ Bagaoisan, Anjo (May 5, 2021). "7 barko ng China, pinaalis ng PCG sa Sabina Shoal". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved May 6, 2021.
  28. ^ Viray, Patricia Lourdes (May 5, 2021). "Chinese militia vessels at Sabina Shoal disperse after challenge by coast guard — Esperon". The Philippine Star. Retrieved May 6, 2021.
  29. ^ a b "South China Sea: a visual guide to the key shoals, reefs and islands". The Guardian. July 30, 2024.
  30. ^ Dela Cruz, Raymond Carl (June 12, 2024). "PH flag raised for 1st time at Sabina Shoal on Independence Day". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved June 21, 2024.
  31. ^ "China vows 'strong measures' against Philippines over encroaching ships in South China Sea". South China Morning Post. n.d. Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  32. ^ "Philippines says 200-plus Chinese vessels have clustered in its EEZ". Radio Free Asia. September 3, 2024.
  33. ^ a b c Aaron-Matthew, Lariosa (19 August 2024). "China Coast Guard Rams Philippine Cutters Near Disputed South China Sea Shoals". USNI News. Retrieved 23 August 2024.
  34. ^ "China rams Philippine ship while 60 Minutes on board; South China Sea tensions could draw U.S. in". 60 Minutes. September 16, 2024.
  35. ^ Darryl John Esguerra (August 20, 2024). "PH mulls expanding Ayungin Shoal 'provisional arrangement' with China". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved August 20, 2024.
  36. ^ a b "China could tow Philippine ship from Sabina Shoal, but is it worth the backlash?". South China Morning Post. 2024-09-07. Retrieved 2024-10-03.
  37. ^ Lariosa, Aaron-Matthew (August 25, 2024). "Chinese Cutters Ram Philippine Vessel in the South China Sea". USNI News.
  38. ^ Naval, Rex Anthony (August 26, 2024). "NTF-WPS: 8 Chinese ships ram, harass BFAR vessel". Business Mirror.
  39. ^ "Chinese Ships Deploy Water Cannons & Ram BFAR Vessel To Disrupt Humanitarian Mission". Marine Insight. August 26, 2024.
  40. ^ Ong, Ghio (September 1, 2024). "Chinese Vessel Rams PCG Patrol Ship 3 times". One News.
  41. ^ "China ramming pokes man-sized hole on BRP Teresa Magbanua". GMA News Online. September 2, 2024.
  42. ^ Ong, Ghio (September 1, 2024). "Chinese vessel rams PCG patrol ship 3 times". The Philippine Star.
  43. ^ Abarca, Charie (September 2, 2024). "EU joins 4 nations in denouncing China's ramming of PH boat in West Philippine Sea". Philippine Daily Inquirer.
  44. ^ "US stands with PH, condemns China's actions in WPS". GMA News Online. 2024-09-01. Retrieved 2024-10-03.
  45. ^ Al Jazeera English (2024-09-16). Philippine Coast Guard ship in South China Sea standoff returns to port. Retrieved 2024-10-03 – via YouTube.
  46. ^ Manabat, Jacque (September 18, 2023). "Coast Guard videos show massive damage to Rozul Reef, Escoda Shoal". ABS-CBN News.
  47. ^ Delizo, Michael (May 11, 2024). "PCG: Escoda Shoal in sorry state after coral dumping for reclamation attempt". ABS-CBN News.
  48. ^ "China says no scientific, factual basis for Philippines' damage claims at Sabina Shoal". The Standard. 30 Aug 2024.

Read other articles:

Vehicle registration plates of South Korea

South Korea vehicle license plates South Korean implementation of an unofficial format similar to that of the EU. The current South Korean format also includes an anti-forgery hologram. In South Korea, the Surface Transportation Bureau of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (MOCT) oversees the design and issue of license plates (Korean: 번호판, 番號版, lit. 'number board') for motor vehicles. The abbreviation for South Korea is ROK (i.e. Republic of Korea). Appe...

 

 

Syndicat de la magistrature

Syndicat de la magistratureLogo du syndicat de la magistrature.HistoireFondation 8 juin 1968CadreSigle SMType Syndicat professionnelForme juridique Organisation syndicale professionnellePays  FranceOrganisationFondateurs Dominique Charvet (d), Louis Joinet, Pierre Lyon-Caen (d), Claude Parodi (d)Présidente Kim Reuflet (d) (depuis 2022)Positionnement Gauche à extrême-gauche[1],[2]Représentativité élections à la Commission d'avancement de juin 2013 : 25,2 % des magistrats....

 

 

The Boat Race 2007

{{{Name}}} The Boat Race ke-153 merupakan balap perahu tahunan yang berlangsung pada tanggal 7 April 2007. Balapan tersebut mempertandingan dua tim dari Universitas Oxford dan Cambridge dalam balap dayung berdampingan di sepanjang Sungai Thames. The Boat Race 2007 menghadirkan atlet dari luar Inggris terbanyak sepanjang sejarah balapannya. Balapan tersebut dimenangkan oleh tim dari Cambridge dengan jarak 1¼ length dalam waktu 17 menit 49 detik. Tim Cambridge terdiri dari beberapa kru yang r...

ليرة مالطية

هذه المقالة تحتاج للمزيد من الوصلات للمقالات الأخرى للمساعدة في ترابط مقالات الموسوعة. فضلًا ساعد في تحسين هذه المقالة بإضافة وصلات إلى المقالات المتعلقة بها الموجودة في النص الحالي. (فبراير 2023) ليرة مالطيةمعلومات عامةالبلد مالطا تاريخ الإصدار 7 يونيو 1972 عوض جنيه مالطي عو�...

 

 

Russian Wikipedia

Russian-language edition of Wikipedia You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Russian. (August 2011) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the Russian article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-...

 

 

1986–87 Ashes

Cricket series1986–87 Ashes seriesPart of English cricket team in Australia in 1986–87Date14 November 1986 – 15 January 1987LocationAustraliaResultEngland won the five-match series 2–1Player of the seriesChris Broad (Eng)Teams Australia  EnglandCaptainsAllan Border Mike GattingMost runsDean Jones (511)Allan Border (473) Geoff Marsh (429) Chris Broad (487) David Gower (404) Mike Gatting (393)Most wicketsBruce Reid (20) Peter Sleep (10) Steve Waugh (10)Merv Hughes (10) John E...

Oh, Yeah! (film)

1929 film Oh, Yeah!Directed byTay GarnettWritten byTay Garnett James GleasonBased onNo Brakes by A.W. SomervilleStarringRobert Armstrong James Gleason Zasu PittsCinematographyArthur C. MillerEdited byClaude BerkeleyProductioncompanyPathé ExchangeDistributed byPathé ExchangeRelease dateOctober 19, 1929Running time74 minutesCountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglish Oh, Yeah! (also written as Oh, Yeah?) is a 1929 American pre-Code action film directed by Tay Garnett and starring Robert Armstrong, Ja...

 

 

The Beiderbecke Trilogy

British TV comedy drama serials The Beiderbecke TrilogyTrevor Chaplin and Jill Swinburne, played by James Bolam and Barbara FlynnGenreComedy dramaDeveloped byAlan PlaterStarring James Bolam Barbara Flynn Dudley Sutton Keith Smith Theme music composerFrankie Trumbauer and Chauncey MorehouseOpening themeCryin' All DayEnding themeCryin' All DayCountry of originUnited KingdomOriginal languageEnglishNo. of series3No. of episodes12ProductionExecutive producers David Cunliffe (Affair, Tapes) Keith R...

 

 

Человек прямоходящий

† Человек прямоходящий Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:ВторичноротыеТип:ХордовыеПодтип:ПозвоночныеИнфратип:ЧелюстноротыеНадкласс:ЧетвероногиеКлада:АмниотыКлада:Синапсиды�...

Avinurme

Borough in Estonia Small borough in Jõgeva County, EstoniaAvinurmeSmall boroughAvinurme churchCoordinates: 58°59′07″N 26°51′45″E / 58.98528°N 26.86250°E / 58.98528; 26.86250Country EstoniaCountyJõgeva CountyParishMustvee ParishTime zoneUTC+2 (EET) • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST) Avinurme is a small borough (alevik) in Mustvee Parish Jõgeva County northeastern Estonia.[1] It was the administrative centre of Avinurme Parish. Singer Dagm...

 

 

Léon Serpollet

French engineer You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in French. (July 2013) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the French article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the E...

 

 

Suprathermal Ion Detector Experiment

Part of the Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package (ALSEP) Suprathermal Ion Detector ExperimentSuprathermal Ion Detector Experiment (right) with Cold Cathode Gauge Experiment (left) on Apollo 15AcronymSIDENotable experimentsApollo 12, 14, and 15ManufacturerBendix Corporation The Suprathermal Ion Detector Experiment (SIDE) was a lunar science experiment, first deployed by astronauts on the lunar surface in 1969 as part of Apollo 12, and later flying on Apollo 14 and Apollo 15.[1] The...

Ordovisium

Peta dunia, 470 juta tahun lalu Ordovisium adalah suatu periode pada era Paleozoikum yang berlangsung antara 488,3 ± 1,7 hingga 443,7 ± 1,5 juta tahun lalu. Periode ini melanjutkan periode Kambrium dan diikuti oleh periode Silur. Periode yang mendapat namanya dari salah satu suku di Wales, Ordovices, ini didefinisikan oleh Charles Lapworth pada tahun 1879 untuk menyelesaikan persengketaan antara pengikut Adam Sedgwick dan Roderick Murchison yang masing-masing mengelompokkan lapisan batuan y...

 

 

Horace Walker

English mountaineer This article is about the mountaineer. For the American basketball player, see Horace Walker (basketball). Horace Walker (sitting, 3rd from left), Lucy Walker (standing, 3rd from left), A. W. Moore (sitting, 2nd from right) and Melchior Anderegg (standing, far right) Horace Walker (1838–1908) was an English mountaineer who made many notable first ascents, including Mount Elbrus and the Grandes Jorasses. Alpinism Born in 1838, Walker was the son of Liverpool lead merchant...

 

 

John Njue

Yang UtamaJohn NjueKardinal, Uskup Agung Emeritus NairobiTakhtaNairobiPenunjukan6 Oktober 2007Awal masa jabatan1 November 2007Masa jabatan berakhir4 Januari 2021PendahuluRaphael S. Ndingi Mwana a'NzekiPenerusPhilip AnyoloJabatan lainKardinal-Imam Gereja Darah Berharga Tuhan kita Yesus KristusImamatTahbisan imam6 Januari 1973oleh Paus Paulus VITahbisan uskup20 September 1986oleh Jozef TomkoPelantikan kardinal24 November 2007oleh Paus Benediktus XVIPeringkatKardinal-ImamInformasi prib...

Henry C. Warmoth

American politician This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Henry C. Warmoth – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (December 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Henry C. Warmoth23rd Governor of LouisianaIn officeJune 27, 1868 – December 9, 1872LieutenantOscar DunnP. B...

 

 

الحرس الملكي البحريني

الحرس الملكي البحريني Bahrain Royal Guard علم الحرس الملكي البحريني الدولة  البحرين الإنشاء 1989 - حتى الآن النوع الحرس الملكي جزء من قوة دفاع البحرين القادة القائد الحالي ناصر بن حمد آل خليفة الشارة معطف للأسلحة شعار الحرس الملكي تعديل مصدري - تعديل   الحرس الملكي البحريني هي و�...

 

 

Sweetheart of Sigma Chi

College fraternity song For the 1933 film, see The Sweetheart of Sigma Chi (film). The cover of a set of sheet music from 1924 Often called the most beloved and popular of college fraternity songs, The Sweetheart of Sigma Chi was written in 1911[1] by Byron D. Stokes (Albion Class of 1913) and F. Dudleigh Vernor (Albion '14). Stokes had written the words while in class one June day that year, and presented them that afternoon to Vernor, who was practicing the piano in a local house, a...

第十三届全国人民代表大会常务委员会

中华人民共和国第十三届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十二届 ←→ 第十四届2012年拍摄的人民大会堂全景2018年3月 – 2023年3月常委会委员长栗战书常委会副委员长王晨、曹建明、张春贤、沈跃跃、吉炳轩、艾力更·依明巴海、万鄂湘、陈竺、王东明、白玛赤林、丁仲礼、郝明金、蔡达峰、武维华常委会秘书长杨振武组成人员167[註 1]人中华人民共和国全国人民�...

 

 

Semerkhet

Egyptian pharaoh SemerkhetSemempses, MempsesAlabaster vase of Semerkhet, the inscription reads King Iry-Nebty visits the house-of-the-pleased-king, oil jars for it, National Archaeological Museum (France)PharaohReign8½ years, ca. 2920 BCPredecessorAnedjibSuccessorQa'aRoyal titulary Horus name Hor-SemerkhetḤr-smr.ẖtCompanion of the divine communityAlternative:Companion of the gods[1] Abydos King List Iry?/Semsu?iry?/smsw? Turin King ListSemsemsmsmThe elder of Horus Prenomen  ...