SS Benbrack

Remainings of the wreck of Benbrack in 1952, over 60 years later after she wrecked at Texel.
History
 United Kingdom
NameSS Benbrack
Out of service1889
Fatewrecked on Texel the Netherlands on 23 January 1889
General characteristics
Typesteamship
Length90 metres[1]

SS Benbrack was a 19th-century British merchant steamship, built before 1883.

After driving ashore a few times in December 1888, she wrecked on 23 January 1889 on Texel, the Netherlands. The salvage of the around 5000 bales cotton was difficult and took four months. The salvage of the ship had also its difficulties and took years. The wreck was sold multiple times over these years. After 65 years, in 1954, the wreck was finally completely salvaged.

History

The merchant steamship was built before March 1883.[2] She arrived at among others chronologically:

Accidents

In December 1888 the ship was driven ashore at Savannah, Georgia, United States. She was refloated and put back to Savannah.[11] On 2 January 1889 she was again driven ashore at Savannah.[12] She was floated on tide and continued voyage.[13]

Fate

After refloating, while on voyage with linnen to Bremen, she ran aground near Texel, the Netherlands on 23 January 1889. A tugboat was not able to refloat her.[14] A later attempt with four tugboats was also unsuccessful. Part of the cargo, 250 bales of cotton, were at that time recovered.[15] After few days, her condition was said to be hopeless.[16]

Salvage and aftermath

Given the high position of the ship, it was very difficult to salvage the rest of the cargo, approximately 5,000 bales of cotton.[16] A tender for the transport was made for 2.25 guilder per bale.[17] A steamboat company took the job to salvage the ship. The company had over 20 boats available for the job and over 150 employees, including a few divers. A wooden house was built on the beach of Eierland to provide shelter for the workers and to store the cargo.[18] The ship moved higher and higher on the beach, the rudder broke off and more and more water came on board.[19][20] As of 6 February 1889, 1000 bales were salvaged.[21] During a storm in February 1889, the ship blew onto its side and sank further into the sand. Three workers had to be rescued with a rescue boat.[22] As of 7 March 1889, still 1000 bales had to be salvaged.[23]

The ship was finally completely salvaged on 27 April 1889.[24]

In the months following March 1889 the cotton was shipped to Bremen.[25][26]

From mid-March 1889 when the ship was almost completely salvaged,[27] plans were made to break down the ship. But there were strong doubts about the chance of success of breaking down the ship.[28] Ultimately it was not possible to get the ship off the beach. The inventory was auctioned on 6 May 1889.[29] The ship was bought by J. Richardson from England for 5400 Guilder. The inventory had a total revenue of 222,75 Guilder.[30] In Bremen the salvaged cotton was sold for a total of 460,000 Mark.[31]

Remainings of the wreck in 1952

On 24 April 1890 British people moved to the Netherlands and started with the break-up of the ship.[32] The work went very slowly.[33] Due to high costs and low returns, the wreck was offered for sale again.[34][35] However, no buyer was found. The mast was destroyed by dynamite.[36] The workers returned to England.[37] The break-up of the wreck was continued the next month by workers from Den Helder.[38] In October the wreck broke again and sank further into the sand.[39]

In 1891 the wreck was sold to A. Dros from Texel,[40] and started selling over 100.000 kg of iron of the ship.[41][42] In late 1892 the wreck was almost completely into the sand. The iron was transported to Amsterdam.[43] Until 1894 parts could be excavated, after which the ship disappeared into the sand.[44] Over ten years later some parts became visible again in January 1904.[45]

The wreck also turned out to be an obstacle to shipping.[46][47]

Almost another 50 years later the wreck became visible again in April 1952.[48] In 1953 company W. Scholte & Co. from Diemen continued to salvage the wreck, including with the help of explosives.[49][50] The wreck was completely salvaged in 1954, 65 years after the ship wrecked.[47]

References

  1. ^ "Berging van oud wrak op Texel". Twentsch dagblad Tubantia (in Dutch). 7 July 1953 – via Delpher.
  2. ^ a b c "Barbados, 18 maart". Algemeen Handelsblad (in Dutch). 22 March 1883 – via Delpher.
  3. ^ a b "Cardiff". Algemeen Handelsblad (in Dutch). 2 March 1884 – via Delpher.
  4. ^ a b "Antwerpen". Algemeen Handelsblad (in Dutch). 23 May 1884 – via Delpher.
  5. ^ "Quebec". Algemeen Handelsblad (in Dutch). 1 July 1885 – via Delpher.
  6. ^ a b "Liverpool". Algemeen Handelsblad (in Dutch). 28 May 1886 – via Delpher.
  7. ^ "Liverpool". Algemeen Handelsblad (in Dutch). 15 September 1886 – via Delpher.
  8. ^ a b "Liverpool". Algemeen Handelsblad (in Dutch). 17 November 1886 – via Delpher.
  9. ^ a b "Liverpool". Algemeen Handelsblad (in Dutch). 7 March 1887 – via Delpher.
  10. ^ a b "Vlissingen". De Standaard (in Dutch). 1 September 1888 – via Delpher.
  11. ^ "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32573. London. 19 December 1888. col F, p. 4.
  12. ^ "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32585. London. 2 January 1889. col D, p. 8.
  13. ^ "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32587. London. 4 January 1889. col E, p. 5.
  14. ^ "Nieuwediep, 24 Jan". De Standaard (in Dutch). 26 January 1889 – via Delpher.
  15. ^ "Nieuwediep". Het nieuws van den dag [nl] (in Dutch). 28 January 1889 – via Delpher.
  16. ^ a b "Tessel, 27 Jan". Het Vaderland (in Dutch). 29 January 1889 – via Delpher.
  17. ^ "Het vervoer der lading katoen". Het nieuws van den dag [nl] (in Dutch). 4 February 1889 – via Delpher.
  18. ^ "Nieuwediep, 30 Jan". Het Vaderland (in Dutch). 31 January 1889 – via Delpher.
  19. ^ "Zeetijdingen | Nieuwediep". Winschoter Courant (in Dutch). 1 February 1889 – via Delpher.
  20. ^ "Benbrack". Algemeen Handelsblad (in Dutch). 2 February 1889 – via Delpher.
  21. ^ "Benbrack". Algemeen Handelsblad (in Dutch). 8 February 1889 – via Delpher.
  22. ^ "De storm". Het nieuws van den dag (in Dutch). 12 February 1889 – via Delpher.
  23. ^ "Bembrack". Algemeen Handelsblad (in Dutch). 9 March 1889 – via Delpher.
  24. ^ "Nieuwediep". De Tijd (in Dutch). 30 April 1889 – via Delpher.
  25. ^ "Benbrack". Algemeen Handelsblad (in Dutch). 16 March 1889 – via Delpher.
  26. ^ "Nieuwediep". Het nieuws van den dag (in Dutch). 11 April 1889 – via Delpher.
  27. ^ "Texel, 18 maart". Dagblad van Zuidholland en 's Gravenhage (in Dutch). 21 March 1889 – via Delpher.
  28. ^ "Nieuwediep". Rotterdamsch Nieuwsblad (in Dutch). 22 March 1889 – via Delpher.
  29. ^ "Allerlei". De Maasbode [nl] (in Dutch). 30 April 1889 – via Delpher.
  30. ^ "Benbrack". Algemeen Handelsblad (in Dutch). 8 May 1889 – via Delpher.
  31. ^ "Bremen, 10 Mei". Rotterdamsch Nieuwsblad (in Dutch). 14 May 1889 – via Delpher.
  32. ^ "Benbrack". Algemeen Handelsblad (in Dutch). 26 April 1890 – via Delpher.
  33. ^ "Tessel, 4 Mei". Rotterdamsch Dagblad (in Dutch). 7 May 1890 – via Delpher.
  34. ^ "Tessel, 4 Aug". Het Vaderland (in Dutch). 7 August 1890 – via Delpher.
  35. ^ "Tessel, 6 Aug". Rotterdamsch Nieuwsblad (in Dutch). 8 August 1890 – via Delpher.
  36. ^ "Tessel, 13 Aug". Het Vaderland (in Dutch). 16 August 1890 – via Delpher.
  37. ^ "Tessel, 16 Aug". Het Vaderland (in Dutch). 18 August 1890 – via Delpher.
  38. ^ "Tessel, 8 Sep". Rotterdamsch Dagblad (in Dutch). 10 September 1890 – via Delpher.
  39. ^ "Tessel, 16 Oct". Het Vaderland (in Dutch). 20 October 1890 – via Delpher.
  40. ^ "Benbrack". Algemeen Handelsblad (in Dutch). 9 June 1891 – via Delpher.
  41. ^ "Te koop:". Algemeen Handelsblad (in Dutch). 31 July 1891 – via Delpher.
  42. ^ "Te koop:". Het nieuws van den dag (in Dutch). 6 August 1892 – via Delpher.
  43. ^ "Benbrack". Algemeen Handelsblad (in Dutch). 11 October 1892 – via Delpher.
  44. ^ "Benbrack". Scheepvaart (in Dutch). 13 April 1894 – via Delpher.
  45. ^ "Benbrack". Scheepvaart (in Dutch). 30 January 1905 – via Delpher.
  46. ^ "Gemengd. Margarete". Nieuwe Rotterdamsche Courant (in Dutch). 25 March 1926 – via Delpher.
  47. ^ a b "geschiedenis van texel | Scheepsstrandingen". texelinformatie.nl (in Dutch).
  48. ^ "Wrak van het Engelse stoomschip". Nieuw Utrechtsch dagblad (in Dutch). 19 April 1952 – via Delpher.
  49. ^ "Hier". Het Vrije Volk (in Dutch). 7 July 1953 – via Delpher.
  50. ^ "Berging van wrak op Texels strand". Het Parool (in Dutch). 5 September 1953 – via Delpher.

Read other articles:

Persahabatan

Sahabat beralih ke halaman ini. Untuk sahabat dalam konteks sejarah Islam, lihat Sahabat Nabi. Bagian dari seri tentangCintaRed-outline heart icon Jenis-jenis cinta Afeksi Ikatan Patah hati Cinta yang penuh kasih Cinta konjugal Cinta bahaduri Pacaran Troubadour Jatuh cinta Persahabatan cross-sex romantis Zona pertemanan Keramahan Hubungan antar pribadi Intimasi Limerence Kecanduan cinta Cinta pada pandangan pertama Cinta segitiga Penyakit cinta Lovestruck Cinta obsesif Passion Cinta platonik ...

 

 

Hofheim im Unterfranken

Hofheim im Unterfranken Lambang kebesaranLetak Hofheim im Unterfranken di Haßberge NegaraJermanNegara bagianBayernWilayahUnterfrankenKreisHaßbergePemerintahan • MayorWolfgang Borst (CSU)Luas • Total56,35 km2 (2,176 sq mi)Ketinggian250 m (820 ft)Populasi (2013-12-31)[1] • Total5.079 • Kepadatan0,90/km2 (2,3/sq mi)Zona waktuWET/WMPET (UTC+1/+2)Kode pos97461Kode area telepon09523Pelat kendaraanHASSitus w...

 

 

Seurieus

Artikel ini terlalu bergantung pada referensi dari sumber primer. Mohon perbaiki artikel ini dengan menambahkan sumber sekunder atau tersier. (Pelajari cara dan kapan saatnya untuk menghapus pesan templat ini) SeurieusAsalBandung, IndonesiaGenreHard rockheavy metalTahun aktif1994–sekarangLabelMusica Studio'sNagaswaraRed MusicAnggota Ramah Handoko Deni Iskandar Erwin Yulista Mulki Nazmulhakim Mantan anggota Dian Dipa Chandra Ezard Yuliando Dinar Hidayat Seurieus adalah sebuah grup musik yang...

2000 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania

Election in Pennsylvania Main article: 2000 United States presidential election 2000 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania ← 1996 November 7, 2000 2004 → Turnout63%   Nominee Al Gore George W. Bush Party Democratic Republican Home state Tennessee Texas Running mate Joe Lieberman Dick Cheney Electoral vote 23 0 Popular vote 2,485,967 2,281,127 Percentage 50.60% 46.43% County Results Municipality Results Gore   40–50% ...

 

 

Constantine Bae Ki-hyen

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Februari 2023. Constantine Bae Ki Hyen (lahir 1 Februari 1953) adalah seorang uskup Keuskupan Masan. Ia ditahbiskan menjadi imam pada tahun 1985. Ia melayani dalam berbagai tugas di Keuskupan Masan dan menempuh pendidikan tinggi di Austria dan Jerman. Ia mengajar di...

 

 

Kosmos 140

Soviet uncrewed flight of the Soyuz programme Kosmos 140Mission typeTest flightOperatorExperimental Design Bureau (OKB-1)COSPAR ID1967-009A SATCAT no.02667Mission duration2 days Spacecraft propertiesSpacecraftSoyuz 7K-OK No.3Spacecraft typeSoyuz 7K-OKManufacturerExperimental Design Bureau (OKB-1)Launch mass6450 kg[1]Landing mass2500 kgDimensions7.13 m (23.4 ft) long2.72 m (8 ft 11 in) wide Start of missionLaunch date7 February 1967, 03:21 GMT[2]RocketS...

Bolaños de Calatrava

Municipality in Castile-La Mancha, SpainBolaños de CalatravaMunicipalityTop:Doña Berenguela Castle (Castillo de Doña Berrenguela) in Bereguela Square (Plaza de Berenguela), Belfry Altarpiece (retablo y espadaña) in Santa Maria Camino Church, Hermitage of Christ (Ermita del Cristo), Bottom:Bolaños de Calatrava Nunicipal Park (Parque Municipal), Industrial Agricultural Circle (Círculo Agrícola), Sanctuary of the Virgin of the Mount (Santuario de la Virgen del Monte), (all items from lef...

 

 

Haruka (train)

This article possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. (November 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)Japanese train service HarukaA JR West 281 series EMU on a Haruka serviceOverviewService typeAirport rail link(Limited express)LocaleTokaido Main Line, Osaka Loop Line, Hanwa Line, Kansai Airport LineFirst service4 September 1994Current...

 

 

Tianjin Tigers Football Club

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Teda. Cet article est une ébauche concernant un club de football chinois. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations du projet football. Tianjin Tigers Généralités Nom complet Tianjin Tigers Football Club Surnoms Jin-men Tiger Noms précédents Tianjin Samsung (1995 — 1997) Tianjin Lifei (1997 — 1998) Tianjin Teda Dingxin (2000 - 2001) Tianjin TEDA CEC (2001 - 2002)Tianjin Teda Football Club(2...

Portland metropolitan area, Oregon

Metropolitan statistical area in the US Metropolitan Statistical Area in the United StatesPortland Metropolitan AreaMetropolitan Statistical AreaPortland–Vancouver–Hillsboro, OR–WA Metropolitan Statistical AreaPortland skyline from the Ross Island BridgePortland–Vancouver–Salem, OR–WA CSA   City of Portland   Portland–Vancouver–Hillsboro, OR–WA MSA   Salem, OR MSA   Albany, OR MSA   Longview–Kelso, WA MSA   Corval...

 

 

コルク

この記事は検証可能な参考文献や出典が全く示されていないか、不十分です。出典を追加して記事の信頼性向上にご協力ください。（このテンプレートの使い方）出典検索?: コルク – ニュース · 書籍 · スカラー · CiNii · J-STAGE · NDL · dlib.jp · ジャパンサーチ · TWL（2017年4月） コルクを打ち抜いて作った瓶の栓 コルク（木栓、...

 

 

(9948) 1990 QB2

Stony Nysian asteroid (9948) 1990 QB2Orbit of 1990 QB2 (blue), the inner planetsand Jupiter (outermost)Discovery[1]Discovered byH. E. HoltDiscovery sitePalomar Obs.Discovery date22 August 1990DesignationsMPC designation(9948) 1990 QB2Alternative designations1990 QB2 · 1979 SJ61990 SQ26Minor planet categorymain-belt[1][2] · (inner)[3]Nysa[4]Orbital characteristics[2]Epoch 23 March 2018 (JD 2458...

Lugné-Poe

French actor and director Lugné-PoeLugné-Poe in Figures contemporaines tirées de l’Album Mariani. Etching c. 1903.BornAurélien Marie Lugné(1869-12-27)27 December 1869Paris, FranceDied19 June 1940(1940-06-19) (aged 70)Villeneuve-les-Avignon, FranceEducationParis Conservatoire (1889–1891)Known forTheatre Director, DesignerMovementSymbolismSpouseSuzanne DesprèsAwardsOfficier, Lègion d'Honneur Aurélien-Marie Lugné[1] (27 December 1869 – 19 June 1940)...

 

 

Корисні копалини Чернігівської області

Корисні копалини Чернігівської області пов'язані з геологічним формуванням території. Чернігівська область не належить до областей з потужною мінерально-сировинною базою. Разом з тим, для надр Чернігівщини притаманна відносна різноманітність корисних копалин. На тери...

 

 

Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist (Maoist Party Centre)

Political party This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist Maoist Party Centre – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (March 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Politics of Turkey Constitution History Secularism Human rights LGBT rig...

United States at the 2018 Winter Olympics

Sporting event delegationUnited States at the2018 Winter OlympicsFlag of the United StatesIOC codeUSANOCUnited States Olympic Committeein Pyeongchang, South KoreaFebruary 9–25, 2018Competitors241[2] (134 men and 107 women) in 15 sportsFlag bearers Erin Hamlin (opening)[1]Jessie Diggins (closing)MedalsRanked 4th Gold 9 Silver 8 Bronze 6 Total 23 Winter Olympics appearances (overview)192419281932193619481952195619601964196819721976198019841988199219941998200220...

 

 

Busy beaver

Longest-running turing machine of a given size For the 1931 Silly Symphonies animated film, see The Busy Beavers. For the online children's educational program, see Busy Beavers. This article may be too technical for most readers to understand. Please help improve it to make it understandable to non-experts, without removing the technical details. (October 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this message) In theoretical computer science, the busy beaver game aims at finding a terminating prog...

 

 

Myrina silenus

Species of butterfly Common fig-tree blue Nominate subspecies, Nigeria Conservation status Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Class: Insecta Order: Lepidoptera Family: Lycaenidae Genus: Myrina Species: M. silenus Binomial name Myrina silenus(Fabricius, 1775)[1] Synonyms Papilio silenus Fabricius, 1775 Papilio alcides Cramer, [1776] Myrina ficedula Trimen, 1879 Papilio corax Stoll, 1781 Myrina silenus des...

1990 New York Mets season

Major League Baseball team season 1990 New York MetsThe Mets playing against the Padres during a 1990 away game at Jack Murphy Stadium.LeagueNational LeagueDivisionEastBallparkShea StadiumCityNew York City, New YorkRecord91-71 (.562)Divisional place2ndOwnersFred Wilpon and Nelson Doubleday, Jr.General managersFrank CashenManagersDavey Johnson, Bud HarrelsonTelevisionWWOR-TV/SportsChannel New York(Ralph Kiner, Tim McCarver, Fran Healy, Rusty Staub)RadioWFAN (Bob Murphy, Gary Cohen)WSKQ-F...

 

 

Filosofia della storia

Allegoria della Storia e suo trionfo sul tempo, affresco di Anton Raphael Mengs sul soffitto della Camera dei Papiri ai Musei Vaticani (1772) La filosofia della storia si occupa del significato spirituale della storia e di un suo possibile fine teleologico. Essa si chiede se esista un disegno, uno scopo, o un principio guida nel processo della storia, e quale ruolo vi occupi l'essere umano. Altre questioni su cui si interroga questa disciplina sono se la storia consista nella realizzazione de...