On September 3, 1861, he married Jane Hobert Mussey (b. 1835), and their children were Frederick Bowen Crowley (b. 1865) and Mary G. Crowley (b. 1872).
He was Supervisor of the Town of Randolph in 1868 and 1869. From 1869 to 1871, he was Collector of Internal Revenue for the 31st District of New York. He was a Trustee of the Village of Randolph in 1874.
^"The Syracuse Convention. Gov. Tilden's Orders Obeyed". New York Times. September 18, 1875. Retrieved 2011-05-04. The Democratic State Convention adjourned this afternoon, after having faithfully executed every order issued to it by Gov. Tilden. ... C. A. Walrath was nominated for Canal Commissioner, and Rodney R. Crowley, of Cattaraugus, for State Prison ...
^"Crowley Succeeds Creed"(PDF). New York Times. October 15, 1893. Retrieved 2011-05-04. Rodney R. Crowley of Randolph, Cattaraugus County, has been appointed Deputy State Superintendent of Banks, ...
^"Rodney R. Crowley". Retrieved 2011-05-04. Crowley, Rodney R. born 1836 died 1913 - Son of Rufus & Adaline Crowley- Capt. Co. 'B' 64th Regt. NY Vols