Ballou served as a United States magistrate judge from 2011 to 2023.[2][5]
In August 2021, Ballou was one of two candidates recommended to the president by U.S. SenatorsMark Warner and Tim Kaine.[6] On July 13, 2022, PresidentJoe Biden nominated Ballou to serve as a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Virginia. President Biden nominated Ballou to the seat vacated by Judge James Parker Jones, who assumed senior status on August 30, 2021.[7] Ballou's nomination is supported by Senators Warner and Kaine.[8] On November 15, 2022, a hearing on his nomination was held before the Senate Judiciary Committee.[9] On December 8, 2022, his nomination was reported out of committee by a 16–6 vote.[10] On January 3, 2023, his nomination was returned to the President under Rule XXXI, Paragraph 6 of the United States Senate. He was renominated on January 23, 2023.[11] On February 9, 2023, his nomination was reported out of committee by a 16–5 vote.[12] On March 6, 2023, the Senate invoked cloture on his nomination by a 59–35 vote.[13] On March 7, 2023, his nomination was confirmed by a 59–37 vote.[14] He received his judicial commission on March 9, 2023.[15]