Rivers and Harbors Bill

The Rivers and Harbors Bill was a bill passed by Congress in 1846 to provide $500,000 to improve rivers and harbors. When the Senate passed the Rivers and Harbors Bill 34 to 16 on July 24, 1846, opponents lobbied for a presidential veto.^[1] It was vetoed by President James K. Polk on August 3. The bill would have provided for federally funded internal improvements on small harbors, many of them on the Great Lakes. Polk believed that this was unconstitutional because the bill unfairly favored particular areas, including that which had no foreign trade.

Polk believed that these problems were local and not national. Polk feared that passing the Rivers and Harbors Bill would encourage legislators to compete for favors for their home districts, a type of political corruption that would spell doom to the virtue of the republic.^[2] In this regard he followed his hero, Andrew Jackson, who authored the Maysville Road veto in 1830 on similar grounds.^[3] Henry Clay and his Whig Party, by contrast, supported the bill because they believed the national government had a responsibility to promote trade commerce and economic modernization.^[4]

References

^ Walter R. Borneman, Polk: The Man Who Transformed the Presidency and America (2009) p. 228
^ Yonatan Eyal, The Young America movement and the transformation of the Democratic Party (2007) p. 63
^ Mark Eaton Byrnes, James K. Polk: a biographical companion (2001) p. 44
^ Michael Holt, The Rise and Fall of the American Whig Party (1999), 232–37

v t e James K. Polk
11th President of the United States (1845–1849) 9th Governor of Tennessee (1839–1841) 13th Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives (1835–1839) U.S. Representative for TN–9 (1833–1839) U.S. Representative for TN–6 (1825–1833)
Life	Bank War Specie Circular 1840 Democratic National Convention 1840 United States presidential election James K. Polk 1844 presidential campaign 1844 Democratic National Convention 1844 United States presidential election Dark horse Polk Place Tennessee State Capitol
Presidency	Inauguration of James K. Polk Oregon boundary dispute Oregon Treaty Texas annexation Mexican–American War Thornton Affair All of Mexico Movement Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Walker tariff Rivers and Harbors Bill List of federal judges appointed by James K. Polk
Public image	President James K. Polk Historic Site President James K. Polk Home & Museum List of memorials to James K. Polk
Family	Sarah Childress Polk (wife) Ezekiel Polk (grandfather) Samuel Polk (father) William Hawkins Polk (brother)
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