Rickenbacker (car)

Rickenbacker Motor Company
IndustryAutomotive
Founded1921; 103 years ago (1921)
Defunct1927; 97 years ago (1927)
FateBankruptcy
HeadquartersDetroit, Michigan,
United States
Key people
Barney Everitt, Eddie Rickenbacker, Walter Flanders, William E. Metzger
ProductsAutomobiles
Production output
27,419 (1922-1927)

Rickenbacker was a Vintage Era automobile manufactured in Detroit, Michigan, from 1922 until 1927. The car is best known for pioneering production of four-wheel brakes.[1]

History

Share of the Rickenbacker Motor Company, issued 3 September 1926

The company was established by Barney Everitt and Captain Eddie Rickenbacker, with Rickenbacker serving as Vice President and Director of Sales. Everitt's former partners Walter Flanders and William Metzger were also involved. Rickenbacker used his World War I, 94th Fighter Squadron emblem depicting a top hat inside a ring. The 'Hat in a Ring' emblems were located both on the front and the back of the cars.[1]

The Rickenbacker was designed by engineers Harry L. Cunningham and E.R. Evans. It had a 3,482cc side-valve six-cylinder engine developing 58-hp, which ran very smoothly due to two flywheels, one at each end of the crankshaft. The first Rickenbackers were displayed at the January 1922 New York Automobile Show. One of the display cars featured experimental four-wheel brakes.[2]

1925 Rickenbacker D6 Sedan

The company made sporting coupés, touring cars, sedans, and roadsters. Four-wheel inside brakes were introduced in 1923. Prices in 1923 ranged from $1,485 for a phaeton to $1,985 (equivalent to $35,497 in 2023) for a sedan.[2]

Several automobile companies began using four-wheel brakes but some companies not offering them began a promotion campaign suggesting they were unsafe, which probably hurt the new Rickenbacker company's sales. The death of Walter Flanders in an automobile accident in 1923 slowed company momentum as well.[1]

In 1924 a coach-brougham enclosed body style was introduced that would grow to represent 60% of Rickenbacker sales.[1] The six-cylinder engines was up-rated to 60-hp and was joined in 1925 by an 4,401cc eight-cylinder engine developing 80-hp. The model was named Vertical Eight Super Fine which referred to the advanced proprietary engine and the high quality of the cars.[2]

Eddie Rickenbacker resigned from the company in 1926 due to internal discord in the company's leadership. Although 1927 saw new models, designated the 6-70, 8-80, and 8-90, Rickenbacker cars had increased in price and sales were poor. Before the company closed down due to bankruptcy in 1927, more than 27,000 cars had been built.[2][1]

The manufacturing equipment was sold to Audi and transported to Germany, somewhat ironic since Rickenbacker renounced his supposed German heritage (he was actually of Swiss ancestry) in light of World War I. This transaction was reflected in Audi Zwickau and Dresden models, using six- or eight-cylinder Rickenbacker engines.[2]

Advertisements

  • 1922 advertisement in the New York Tribune
    1922 advertisement in the New York Tribune
  • 1924 advertisement in the Netherlands
    1924 advertisement in the Netherlands
  • Measuring a motorist reaction time with four wheel braking using two pistols
    Measuring a motorist reaction time with four wheel braking using two pistols
  • Measuring a motorist reaction time with four wheel braking
    Measuring a motorist reaction time with four wheel braking

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rickenbacker vehicles.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Kimes, Beverly Rae; Clark Jr., Henry Austin (1996). Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805-1942 (3rd ed.). Krause Publications. ISBN 978-0-87341-428-9.
  2. ^ a b c d e Georgano, Nick (2001). The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile (3 vol. ed.). Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. ISBN 1-57958-293-1.

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