Refrontolo (Venetian: Refróntol) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Treviso in the Italian region Veneto, located about 50 kilometres (31 miles) north of Venice and about 30 km (19 mi) north of Treviso, representing the third smallest municipality by number of inhabitants (1,732) in the province, preceded only by Portobuffolé and Monfumo. It is located in a hilly viewpoint between Quartier del Piave and Montello, and it is crossed by the Prosecco and Conegliano-Valdobbiadene Hills Wine Road (Italian: Strada del Prosecco e Vini dei Colli Conegliano e Valdobbiadene) established in 1966. The municipality is in fact famous for the production of the Marzemino wine (called Colli di Conegliano Refrontolo Passito DOCG). Since July 7, 2019, Refrontolo's hills have been inscribed as an UNESCOWorld Heritage Site as The Prosecco Hills of Conegliano and Valdobbiadene (Italian: Le Colline del Prosecco di Conegliano e Valdobbiadene).
In 2016 the natural growth rate of Refrotolo was -6.9, with 11 newborns, 23 deceased, and thus a natural balance of -12. The people entering Refrontolo from other municipalities were 43 (39 were instead leaving), the ones entering from abroad were 7 (5 were leaving Italy), while 1 was written in the registry because of administrative corrections (3 removed), for a total migratory balance of 4, and a migration rate of 2.3. Overall the total growth rate was decreasing (-4.6), and with a population of 1,747 on January 1, and 1,739 on December 31, the average number of people living in the municipality was 1,743.
Refrontolo's Population From 1861 To 2018
Year
Population
Households
±
N.
±%
♂%
N.
Size
Births
Deaths
Δ
N.
±%
N.
±%
N.
±%
N.
±%
1871
1,310
−−−−−−
−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
−−
−−−−−−−
−−
−−−−−−−
−−−
1881
1,290
−1.50%
−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
−−
−−−−−−−
−−
−−−−−−−
−−−
1901
1,469
+13.9%
−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
−−
−−−−−−−
−−
−−−−−−−
−−−
1911
1,882
+28.1%
−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
−−
−−−−−−−
−−
−−−−−−−
−−−
1921
2,177
+15.7%
−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
−−
−−−−−−−
−−
−−−−−−−
−−−
1931
2,271
+4.30%
−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
−−
−−−−−−−
−−
−−−−−−−
−−−
1936
2,163
−4.80%
−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
−−
−−−−−−−
−−
−−−−−−−
−−−
1951
2,072
−4.20%
−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
−−
−−−−−−−
−−
−−−−−−−
−−−
1961
1,686
−18.6%
−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
−−
−−−−−−−
−−
−−−−−−−
−−−
1971
1,582
−6.20%
−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
−−
−−−−−−−
−−
−−−−−−−
−−−
1981
1,662
+5.10%
−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
−−
−−−−−−−
−−
−−−−−−−
−−−
1991
1,708
+2.80%
−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
−−
−−−−−−−
−−
−−−−−−−
−−−
2001
1,805
+5.70%
−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
−−
−−−−−−−
−−
−−−−−−−
−−−
2002
1,802
−0.28%
51.4%
−−−
−−−−−−
−−−
−−−−−−
19
−−−−−−−
14
−−−−−−−
+05
2003
1,809
+0.39%
51.5%
680
−−−−−−
2.66
−−−−−−
11
−42.11%
17
+21.43%
−06
2004
1,820
+0.61%
51.2%
689
+1.32%
2.64
−0.75%
18
+63.64%
11
−35.29%
+07
2005
1,800
−1.10%
50.6%
686
−0.44%
2.62
−0.76%
21
+16.67%
16
+45.45%
+05
2006
1,798
−0.11%
50.7%
691
+0.73%
2.6
−0.76%
14
−33.33%
13
−18.75%
+01
2007
1,793
−0.28%
50.8%
696
+0.72%
2.58
−0.77%
17
+21.43%
20
+53.85%
−03
2008
1,799
+0.33%
50.5%
707
+1.58%
2.54
−1.55%
21
+23.53%
20
±00.00%
+01
2009
1,815
+0.89%
49.6%
717
+1.41%
2.53
−0.39%
06
−71.43%
14
−30.00%
−08
2010
1,863
+2.64%
49.7%
717
±0.00%
2.6
+2.77%
17
+183.33%
16
+14.29%
+01
2011
1,814
−2.63%
49.7%
729
+1.67%
2.49
−4.23%
13
−23.53%
13
−18.75%
±00
2012
1,797
−0.94%
49.4%
730
+0.14%
2.46
−1.20%
22
+69.23%
22
+69.23%
±00
2013
1,786
−0.61%
49.4%
726
−0.55%
2.46
±0.00%
10
−54.55%
15
−31.82%
−05
2014
1,764
−1.23%
49.4%
716
−1.38%
2.46
±0.00%
15
+50.00%
21
+40.00%
−06
2015
1,747
−0.96%
49.2%
711
−0.70%
2.46
±0.00%
08
−46.67%
17
−19.05%
−09
2016
1,739
−0.46%
49.5%
708
−0.42%
2.46
±0.00%
11
+37.50%
23
+35.29%
−12
2017
1,732
−0.40%
−−−−−
710
+0.28%
2.44
−0.81%
07
−36.36%
16
−100.0%
−09
2018
1,702
−1.73%
−−−−−
711
+0.14%
2.39
−2.05%
07
±00.00%
24
+22.47%
−17
Migratory Flow
Year
From
To
Net Migration Rate
Aliens
Italy
Abroad
Other
Italy
Abroad
Other
Abroad
Total
N.
%
♂%
2002
29
02
00
41
00
00
+02
−10
−−−
−−−−
−−−−−
2003
53
10
00
50
00
00
+10
+13
−−−
−−−−
−−−−−
2004
48
08
00
45
07
00
+01
+04
−−−
−−−−
−−−−−
2005
23
02
00
47
03
00
−01
−25
060
3.3%
51.7%
2006
33
13
00
49
00
00
+13
−03
065
3.6%
49.2%
2007
56
03
00
61
00
00
+03
−02
067
3.7%
52.2%
2008
44
08
00
45
02
00
+06
+05
076
4.2%
47.4%
2009
56
05
00
37
00
00
+05
+24
084
4.6%
44.0%
2010
73
08
00
31
03
00
+05
+47
102
5.5%
45.1%
2011
50
11
04
55
18
00
−07
−08
093
5.1%
43.0%
2012
40
15
04
59
12
05
+03
−17
109
6.1%
42.2%
2013
39
06
15
55
10
01
−04
−06
105
5.9%
42.9%
2014
41
05
08
56
10
04
−05
−16
102
5.8%
43.1%
2015
34
01
03
36
06
04
−05
−08
090
5.2%
38.9%
2016
43
07
01
39
05
03
+02
+04
074
4.3%
35.1%
2017
30
05
01
32
01
01
+04
+02
−−−
−−−−
−−−−−
2018
33
06
02
46
03
05
+03
−13
−−−
−−−−
−−−−−
Economy
The locality is particularly suited for wine production, thanks to the presence of constant currents of fresh and dry air that allow the natural drying of the grapes. In the municipality there are in fact fourteen wineries, and one of them is also a bottler. Typical, being the viticulture a rooted and integrated practice of the area, are the vineyards, historically cultivated as espaliers. Other forms of traditional and/or historical cultivation are the Sylvoz (espalier), overturned, and double-inverted. Cultivated vines are Prosecco, Marzemino, Verdiso Zentil, and Manzoni Bianco. The density of the vines is 2,500 Ha.[1]
Marzemino has a centuries-old history, and distant origins. Also known in Veneto with the synonyms of Berzamino, Barzemin and Bassamino, it would later spread to Lombardy, Emilia, Friuli, and Trentino. It is believed that the Marzemino vine spread in Carinthia thanks to the Roman colonists, taking its name from Marzimin, a village in that region, and that from this area the cultivation subsequently extended to the Venetian regions. In the fifteenth century Marzemino was known throughout Padania and Friuli; in the Adige valley it was introduced by the militias of the Republic of Venice in the period of its maximum expansion. In fact, towards the middle of the sixteenth century the wine produced from this vine was one of the most appreciated among noble families, and it is precisely Marzemino that is mentioned in the second act of the famous opera Don Giovanni by Mozart, with the phrase "Versa il vino! Eccellente Marzimino!" (the quote is a clear reference to the Treviso area and not to the Trentino one, and everything is proven by the origin of Lorenzo Da Ponte, author of the libretto of Mozart's opera, who lived as a young man on these hills).
Today the Treviso vine is known as Marzemino of Refrontolo, from which the Refrontolo Passito is produced, and it is the drying technique that differentiates it from all the other varieties, making it unique and sought after as a "black pearl" in an area suited for white wines.
Refrontolo Passito is found within the Colli di Conegliano Refrontolo Passito DOCG zone, in a very limited area defined by the municipalities of Pieve di Soligo, San Pietro di Feletto, and in particular by the hills of Refrontolo, where the old biotype of Marzemino of Refrontolo is cultivated, since it is the only one that produces suitable grapes to obtain Refrontolo Passito. The Marzemino grapes are harvested in October, and they must be at least 95%, while the remaining 5% can be non-aromatic red grapes recommended or authorized by the province of Treviso. Subsequently the grapes are placed on traditional racks where they dry up until the week of Christmas in order to reach a minimum alcoholic strength of 14 degrees. The maximum yield of grapes into wine must not exceed 45%. The vinification is then followed by maturation in small oak barrels with various decantations up until it becomes clear for its bottling in spring. An aging in the bottle for at least three months precedes the release on the market, which cannot take place before March 1 after the harvest. Only about thirty companies produce the “pearl”, for an annual production of about 160,000 0.75cl-bottles, which are difficult to find, as admirers try to grab at least a few bottles of this excellence.
Refrontolo Passito is a structured and balanced red dessert wine, from grapes partially dried on racks of a beautiful deep ruby red color, with a characteristic and marked scent of blackberries. It should be accompanied by desserts with a not very high sugar content, therefore it perfectly combines with dry pastries, tart with plum jam, sbrisolona cake, but also with blue cheeses. It should be served at a temperature of 14-15°, and it presents itself as pleasant and moderately sweet, rich in aroma and flavors, with a well-centered alcohol content and a very pleasant level of acidity. It can be considered mature in 10–12 months of life.
The tradition of New Year's greetings, involving above all the little ones, who, visiting the homes of relatives and acquaintances, received, in exchange of a greeting nursery rhyme (the bòna man), some sweets or some change. The custom was also widespread among the adults, and generally consisted of seasonal nuts.
Fire ritual that still takes place, above all thanks to the initiative of the Pro Loco, on the evening of January 5, the epiphany's eve. Now practiced with folkloristic accents, once a tradition, rich in cultural meanings, consisting of different phases.
It was a pig, donated by a devotee, who soon became accustomed to going around the houses of the village, where it received the lavadura. It was then killed on the day of Saint Anthony, January 17, put up for auction, and the proceeds donated to the poorest or to charitable works.
Neighboring families, or those of the same district, were used to gather at the sound of an accordion, to dance and consume crostoi, frìtoe, and castagnòle. On the last Thursday of the carnival (dióba zhozhoèr) pieces of lard (zhózoi), or other pieces of pork, were offered to the beggars, who stuck them on wooden skewers, while during the last Friday of the carnival (vèndregnocolèr), gnocchi were a must for the villagers.
The festivity is summarized in the proverb: San Valentin, the naranzhe picade al spin, translatable into Valentine's Day, the oranges attached to the thorn; lovers picked up a branch of hawthorn, and stuck an orange into each thorn. The homage was then placed, during the night, on the threshold of the beloved's house.
The municipality has its own functions, and those conferred by the state and regional laws, according to the principle of subsidiarity. It contributes to the determination of the objectives contained in the plans and the programs of the state and the regions and, within the boundaries of its legal competence, provides for their specification and implementation, as well as for the exercise of all the functions suitable to satisfy the interests and needs of the community, with the aim of reaching and consolidating, with a programming method, those values that allow a better quality of life, in compliance with the state and regional laws. The municipality can also carry out its functions through the activities that can be adequately exercised by the autonomous initiative of the citizens and their social formations.
1868: Andrea Sanzovo (Substitute), Antonio Calcinoni (Substitute), Antonio Lava, Antonio Lorenzon, Giacomo Morona, Giovanni Bottega, Giovanni Tittonel, Girolamo Negri, Giuseppe Baldo, Gregorio Lorenzon (City Committee), Luigi Antoniazzi, Luigi Donadel, Paolo Pros, Pietro De Stefani (City Committee).
1890:[notes 5] Celeste Bottega, Ernesto Nascinben, Giacomo De Noni, Luigi Donadel, Giacomo Meneghetti, Gino Spada, Giovanni De Anna, Giuseppe Corradini, Giuseppe Pollesel (Chancellor), Italo Galli, Pasquale Fortran, Pietro Colles, Pietro Soldan, Pietro Stefanelli, Vincenzo Bottega.
1909:[notes 6] Angelo Tormena, Aristide Serra, Bortolo Brait, Celeste Meneghin, Giovanni Bottega, Giuseppe Corradin, Giuseppe De Lozzo, Giuseppe Lorenzon, Giuseppe N.N. Francesco Lava, Luigi Donadel, Natale Meneghetti, Nicolò Spada, Pietro Ceschin, Pietro Stefanelli.
1917: Aristide Serra, Benvenuto Pol, Bortolo Brait, Deodato Lorenzon, G. B. Faustino Brunetti, Giovanni Bottega, Giovanni De Lotto, Giovanni Donadel, Giuseppe Corradini, Giuseppe De Lozzo, Giuseppe Meneghin, Giuseppe Pilla (son of Angelo), Leone De Toffoli, Natale Meneghetti, Nicolò Spada, Pietro Ceschin.
1946: Adolfo De Luca, Annibale Trentin, Bernardino Lot, Celso Busetti, Emilio Zaccaron, Giacomo De Noni, Giovanni De Martin, Giuseppe Bottega, Giuseppe Donadel, Isidoro Lot, Leone Morgan, Luigi Lorenzon, Pietro De Nardo.
1951: Antonio Collodel, Augusto Lorenzon, Giovanni Bernardi, Domenico Lorenzon, Giovanni De Martin, Giovanni Introvigne, Giuseppe Liessi, Giuseppe Meneghetti, Gregorio De Stefani, Italo Cesca, Luigi Lorenzon, Luigi Zanco, Silvio Lot, Vittore Casagrande.
1956: Abramo Lorenzon, Alessio De Noni, Enrico Miotto, Erminio Ceschin, Giovanni De Luca, Giovanni Lorenzon, Giuseppe Zanutto, Guerrino Balbinot, Leopoldo Fortran, Mario Fortran, Pier Luigi De Stefani, Pietro Bottega, Regina Meneghetti, Renato Nadalin.
1960: Abramo Lorenzon, Alessio De Noni, Antonio Della Colletta, Antonio Lorenzon, Bernardo Lot, Daniele Collodel, Enrico Miotto, Giuseppe Lorenzon, Gregorio De Stefani, Guerrino Balbinot, Livio Zaccaron, Regina Meneghin, Rino Granzotto, Vito Dalle Ceste.
1964: Alessio De Noni, Bernardo Lot, Erminio Ceschin, Germano Collodel, Gino Callegher, Giovanni De Martin, Giovanni Lorenzon, Guerrino Balbinot, Livio Zaccaron, Mansueto Bernardi, Pier Luigi De Stefani, Pietro Lorenzon, Regina Meneghetti, Rino Granzotto.
1970: Alvise Dal Vecchio, Antonio Cesca, Arvedo Benedetti, Bruno Biasi, Ferdinando Lot, Germano Collodel, Giacinto Tomasi, Giovanni Lorenzon, Livio Zaccaron, Luigi De Stefani, Mansueto Bernardi, Pier Luigi De Stefani, Pietro Lorenzon, Sergio Antoniazzi.
1975: Angelo Lot, Antonio son of G. Lorenzon, Antonio N.N. V. Lorenzon, Bernardo Lot, Domenico Rosolen, Ennio Lot, Giuseppe Zanutto, Livio Zaccaron, Luigi De Martin, Luigino Antoniazzi, Margherita Meneghetti, Maria Lucchetta, Renzo Liessi, Sante Toffoli.
1980: Angelo Lot, Antonio Lorenzon, Beniamino De Stefani, Carlo Bertollo, Domenico Rosolen, Ferdinando Bortolotto, Giuseppe Zanutto, Livio Zaccaron, Luciano Nannini, Luisa De Stefani, Margherita Meneghetti, Mario Zanzotto, Renzo Liessi, Sante Toffoli.
1985: Antonio Lorenzon, Carlo Bertollo, Gino Lot, Giuseppe Bottega, Giuseppe Zanutto, Leo Zara, Luciano Nannini, Paolo De Stefani, Paolo Miotto, Pier Luigi De Stefani, Pierluigi Bernardi, Pietro Lorenzon, Raffaele De Noni, Sergio Lot.
1990: Carlo Bertollo, Claudio Lucchet, Elena Lucia Antoniazzi, Enrico Dalle Ceste, Ferdinando Bortolotto, Giannino Bernardi, Gino Lot, Giuseppe Bottega, Leo Zara, Paolo Miotto, Pierluigi Bernardi, Raffaele De Noni, Roberto Morgan, Sergio Lot.
1995: Anna De Nadai, Claudio Lucchet, Elena Lucia Antoniazzi, Giuseppe Liessi, Orietta Lot, Pietro Lorenzon, Quanito Zambon, Raffaele De Noni, Roberto Morgan, Sante Toffoli, Valeria Dal Vecchio, Valter Bastianel.
1999: Carlo Bertollo, Carlo Callegher, Claudio Lucchet, Elena Lucia Antoniazzi,[notes 7] Federica Trevisanello, Giampiero De Luca, Giuseppe Liessi, Giuseppe Sossai, Manlio Boscheratto, Quanito Zambon, Roberto Collodel, Roberto Morgan, Rosa Rizzo.
2009: Alberto Dalle Ceste, Andrea Della Colletta, Bruno Piol, Claudio Lucchet, Luca Lorenzetto, Luciano Salvador, Maria Pia Orecchia, Mauro Canal, Mirko Della Colletta, Pietro Lorenzon, Renzo Zanet, Serena Antoniazzi.
2014: Barbara Teo, Cristina Foltran, Elisabetta Cadamuro, Fabio Tittonel, Luca Bernardi, Mauro Canal, Mirko Della Colletta, Nicola Antoniazzi, Pasquale Lorenzon, Roberto Collodel, Roberto De Stefani.
2019: Andrea Della Colletta, Es Saadiya Barouz, Federica Meneghel, Francesca Doimo, Gabriella Campodall'Orto, Gianpiero De Diana, Nicola Attilio Bottega, Paola Lorenzon, Roberto Collodel, Ylenia Meneghin.
The mayor is the body responsible for the municipal administration, and performs functions of representation, presidency, and superintendency, and eventually of Government Officer as established by the Legislative Decree 267/2000, which also defines the procedures for his election, the cases of incompatibility and ineligibility to the office, its status, and the causes of termination and forfeiture of office.
Administrative duties
The mayor has competences and powers of direction, supervision and control of the activity of the assessors, and of the management and executive bodies, by the issuance of directives to the municipal secretary, the general manager, if appointed, and to the managers of the administrative services, verifying the compliance of the administrative management results in accordance with the given guidelines.
He appoints the members of the municipal council, choosing among them the deputy mayor, and has the power to revoke them by giving motivated communication to the council; he also appoints the managers of the public administration, assigning and defining the needed executive offices and the external collaboration assignments according to the criteria established by the articles 109 and 110 of the Legislative Decree 267/2000, as well as by the municipal statute and regulations.
Moreover he promotes and takes initiatives to ensure that the offices, services, special companies, institutions, and joint stock companies belonging to the municipality carry out their activities according to the guidelines indicated by the municipal council, or the objectives defined by the City Committee, summons the conference between the representatives of all the interested parties in order to verify the possibility of realizing the program agreement and promoting its conclusion (even at the request of one or more of the interested parties), and has initiative and liaison powers with the bodies of popular participation in the local administration, calling meetings for referendums on matters of exclusive local competence, and thus setting up the office for the referendum operations.
Emma Ciardi (1879–1933) – Painter (in the last period of her life, she established her summer residence in Refrontolo)
Essential bibliography
Archivio di Stato di Treviso. Coll. 66/1 R/N/1, Mappa Ridotta 1812; 15/5 TN 1 N. 92, TN 2 N. 93, TN 3 N. 94, Caseggiati Anno 1812; Sommarioni Catasto Nap. Coll. 66/1 B/1 B/2 B/3. Refrontolo: Catasto Napoleonico 1812 (in Italian). Treviso.
Archivio di Stato di Venezia. Refrontolo: Notifiche al Censo Provvisorio del Catasto Napoleonico del 1812. Atti Preparatori al Catasto Austriaco (in Italian). Venice.
Archivio Comunale di Refrontolo. Delibere della Giunta e del Consiglio Comunale dal 1919 al 1927 e dal 1946 al 2003. Fogli di Famiglia, Vecchia Anagrafe 1890-1924 (in Italian). Refrontolo.
Archivio Parrochiale di Santa Margherita di Refrontolo. Registri Parrochiali dei Battesimi, dei Matrimoni e dei Morti dal 1624. Bollettino Parrochiale (Anni 1973-2003) (in Italian). Refrontolo.
Alpago Novello, L.; Trevisi, L.; Zava, A. (1882). Monografia Agraria dei Distretti di Conegliano, Oderzo e Vittorio. Atti della Giunta Agraria per l'Inchiesta Agraria e sulle Condizioni della Classe Agricola (in Italian). Vol. V, Tome II. Rome.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Vv.Aa. (1997). Pieve di Soligo e la Gastaldia di Solighetto dal Medioevo all'Età Contemporanea (in Italian). Pieve di Soligo.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Battistella, O.; Lazzari, A.; Garzoni, T. (1927). Guida di Treviso e Provincia: Nuovo Indicatore Commerciale, Industriale, Professionale, Amministrativo, con Notizie Storico-Artistiche (Biennio 1926-27) (in Italian). Treviso.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Bevilacqua, Silvia (2001). Arte per il Sacro nel Quartier del Piave e nel Feletto (in Italian). Pieve di Soligo: Canova. ISBN978-8884090614.
Boerio, Giuseppe (1856). Dizionario del Dialetto Veneziano (in Italian). Venezia: G. Cecchini Royal Press.
Cengarle, Federica; Chittolini, Giorgio; Varanini, Gian Maria (1995). Castelli tra Piave e Livenza. Atti del III Convegno (in Italian). Vittorio Veneto: Schede d'Archivio. pp. 185-206 [Per Una Storia delle Fortificazioni della Valmareno e del Quartier del Piave nel Medioevo (Secoli XI-XIV), G. P. Cagnin].
Ceschin, C. (1934). Refrontolo: Memorie e Ricordi (in Italian). Pieve di Soligo.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Dall'Anese, Enrico; Martorel, Paolo (1980). Il Quartier del Piave e della Val Mareno: Storie e Leggende (in Italian). Vittorio Veneto: TIPSE.
Dall'Anese, Enrico; Martorel, Paolo (1982). El Panevin: Tradizioni Popolari del Quartier del Piave e della Val Mareno (in Italian). Pieve di Soligo: Nuova Stampa 3.
Dall'Anese, Enrico; Martorel, Paolo (1984). Personaggi Illustri del Quartier del Piave e della Val Mareno (in Italian). Pieve di Soligo: Nuova Stampa 3.
Dall'Anese, Enrico; Martorel, Paolo (1987). Il Quartier del Piave Nel Primo Novecento (in Italian). Pieve di Soligo: Nuova Stampa 3.
Dall'Anese, Enrico; Martorel, Paolo (1988). Gli Anni della Grande Guerra nel Quartier del Piave (in Italian). Pieve di Soligo: Nuova Stampa 3.
Dall'Anese, Enrico (1989). Prosecco: Assolo di Vino (in Italian). Pieve di Soligo.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
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^The measure is defined as above the sea level from the point where the Municipal Building is located. The minimum and maximum values of the municipal territory were processed by ISTAT, and they were based on the digital land model (DEM), and on the data collected in the last census survey.
^Composition of the top 50% foreigners residing in the municipality.
^Until 1999 the name of the mayor and the list of councilors are reported in alphabetical order,
regardless of the electoral list in which they were elected.